Ina tilapia aka samu a cikin halitta mazauninsu? Yadda girma tilapia? Tilapia - abin da kifi?

A shelves da mu da shaguna da kuma gidaje aquarists yau daya iya sau da yawa ganin wadannan iri kifi, wanda ba haka ba da dadewa shi yiwuwa a karanta kawai a kundayen. A daukan hankali misali - tilapia.

Musamman rare ne kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye, kamar yadda ta halayya halaye da kuma bayyanar ne ban sha'awa ba kawai ga sabon shiga, amma har ma da daraja art.

Wane ne ta?

Bari mu bincika abin da ya ƙunshi tilapia. Wane irin kifi ne wannan? Wannan shi ne quite wani m HALITTAR, na a gidan cichlidae (Cichlids). Yana hada akalla mutum ɗari nau'in da suke da na kowa a cikin tropics da subtropics. More kwanan nan, ichthyologists shared m tseren a cikin sauran biyu: Oreochromis da Sarotherodon.

Don kwanan wata, wannan rabo da aka soke, a matsayin bambance-bambance tsakanin wakilan wadannan jinsunan ne kadan. Bugu da kari, haduwar kwararru ko da yaushe ƙara ƙarin da gaskiyar cewa a cikin daji tilapia - kifi, yiwuwa ga interbreeding.

A sakamakon haka, ko da a cikin halitta ruwan Afirka ci karo da wani yawan hybrids, cewa don su gane bambancin sau da yawa ba su iya biyan ko da gogaggen Dabbobi.

The sunan dangi guda ba shi da most wakilin wanda wannan rana zaune a yankin na Afirka Lake Malawi. Wasu malaman gardamar cewa zargin da wannan sabon abu "suna" gudummawar sosai shahara Aristotle.

An ce, wata rana sai aka ziyarta aboki a kan tebur wanda kasance kamar tilapia. "Abin da irin kifi ne wannan!" - ce Archimedes. Scientist girgiza haka ban mamaki, ku ɗanɗani ta nono, ya m ya ce: "Abin da tausayi da cewa wannan" tilapia ". Idan muka fassara wannan kalma daga Greek cikin Rasha, ya bayyana cewa pundit kawai baqin ciki da cewa ta na zaune da nisan.

Bayyanar da nazarin halittu siffofin

Appearance ne quite musamman, tun a takaice jiki tare da m shaci wasu daga tune da ya tsawo, wanda a cikin wasu jinsunan ne 2.5 sau da tsawon. The shugaban ne ma wani m kuma da ɗan m. Juveniles da mãtã ba su bambanta ba da cikakken launi.

Rini aka mamaye m da azurfa launuka. A baya gefen gill cover suka yi kyawawan babban tabo zagaye siffar. Wannan launi ake dangantawa da mazauninsu, inda aka same shi a cikin yanayi tilapia kifi inda wannan jinsin aka samu a kasa na da yawa laka da kankara, daga cikinsu akwai kusan babu shuke-sake kamanni.

Maza ne mafi kyau: a cikin mamayar da launi ne kore tare da wani ƙarfe Sheen. A lokacin da ma'abota kakar bayyana a tarnaƙi na hudu manyan farin spots, ƙananan lebe da kuma gill cover ne ma ya zama fari inuwa. Da zaran namiji ya kai lokacin balaga, ya pectoral fins ne m ja, da kuma jiki - velvety baki. A cikin dorsal da caudal filafilin kifi da fari specks.

A hakora wadannan kifaye suna talauci da dabarun, short. Sikeli manyan. A yanayi na abinci bada hanjinsu: shi ne musamman dogon, Forms da manya-manyan yawan madaukai. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tilapia (wanda yake shi ne kifi, ka riga sani) jan babban adadin zalla kayan abinci.

kiwo Features

Ka lura da cewa daya daga cikin na musamman siffofin wadannan kifaye ne su jima'i dimorphism. A gaskiya, maza da mãtã ne a fili rarrabe, amma a mafi yawan lokuta cikin kasa daga gare su - a wajen zumunta lokaci, tun a wasu hade waje da ciki dalilai, rage cin abinci ko yanayi zazzabi da mãtã, maza iya samun.

Kawai sa, daga cikin wakilan wannan nau'in ne game da 70% na boye dauke da lalurar mata. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa wannan kifi ya zama haka tartsatsi: a cikin jiki na ruwa za a iya saki kawai kamar wata mutane na ko dai yin jima'i zuwa ga kamar wata shekaru shi ya rayu wani dukan yawan.

da yanayin ikon

Duk da ruwan dare abinci shuke-shuke, wadannan kifaye rightfully za a iya kira omnivores. Forms Aurea, Mary, kazalika da Nile da kuma Mozambique su jinsunan ciyar a kan wani kwayoyin halitta.

Idan muka magana game da melanopleurusah da Zulai, su kullum ne ma m cin ganyayyaki. Kullum, masana kimiyya sun riga rubuta fiye da dozin monographs game da babbar rawar da wadannan jinsunan a cikin zubar da sediments.

kasa baza

Historical mahaifarsa aka dauke Gabashin Afrika. Tartsatsi wadannan iri Zanzibar da Natal. A zamanin da, suna yadada a karkarar Isra'ila (inda tilapia aka sani a matsayin "St. Bitrus kifi" tun Littafi Mai Tsarki sau), Jordan da kuma Syria. Da farko a 1830 (godiya ga Faransa balaguro) fara da m fadada a kudancin Asiya.

A kasar kifi tilapia (wanda yana da photo a cikin labarin) aka gabatar da hobbyists. Akwai shaida da cewa wannan da aka yi kafin 1917. Tun daga shekarar 1960, za a fara zuwa purposefully noma a sanyaya kandami na NPP, ikon shuke-shuke da sauran masana'antu da wuraren, kamar yadda a cikin wadannan yanayi shi ne muhimmanci a iya tilapia halaka cikin ruwa da ciyayi. A kudancin yankunan (Krasnodar, misali) na wucin gadi Wuraren da kifi kama a koguna da tafkunan.

Notes for aquarists

Idan kana sha'awar a cikin kiwo na tilapia a wani gida akwatin kifaye, shi dole ne a haifa tuna cewa maza daga wadannan jinsunan bambanta a cikin matsananci individualism, bukatar wani babban akwatin kifaye tare da mai kyau yanki na kasa.

Domin aquarists, su ne musamman mai ban sha'awa domin ta bambancin hali da kuma ikon yin lamba tare da mutum. Saboda haka, da suka da sauri fara gane wa ubangidansa, ya sauki rarrabe shi daga sauran mutane, so da cikakken tsoron dauki abinci daga hannunsa.

tattalin arziki muhimmanci

Amma a cikin kasar da mafi yawan jinsunan wadannan kifaye ba a sani saboda su ban sha'awa hali. Gaskiyar cewa a kan shelves na rumfarsa ta saida Stores, za ka iya ganin banmamaki "River kaza", ko kuma "kaza teku". Tun tilapia suna girma? Lalle ne, a cikin halitta ruwan irin wannan girma na gumãkan zai yi dogon da suka wuce kawo ƙarshen ta kama kifi!

Kamar yadda muka riga ya ce, a kan wani m sikelin shi ne sau da yawa bred a daban-daban sanyaya kandami. Amma mafi yawan abinci a yau tilapia bred a kudu maso gabashin Asia, inda daya za sau da yawa ganin giant kifi gonaki. Sun yi kama da daruruwan kadan gagare tafkunan.

Kullum, da namo wadannan kifaye ne musamman m daga m ra'ayi. Tun da ba su ci kusan kome da kome, ba ka jawo wa kansu matsafai halin kaka. Abin baƙin ciki, unscrupulous abinci sau da yawa taka wata bad wargi da karshen masu amfani.

Alal misali, wasu Asian manoman amfani don ciyar da su taki. Babu wani abu da m a cikin wannan, saboda tilapia ne daidai internalize sake yin fa'ida fiber, amma matsalar ne a qwai da tsutsotsi, wanda sai na iya zama a na dogon lokaci zauna a cikin mafi kifi.

Me ya sa yake haka rare?

Me ya sa wakilan wannan irin suka zama haka kowa a kamun kifin, a duniya? Kuma shi ne ba kawai Asia, amma ko da a Arewacin Amirka, inda musamman don jan iri a cikin tafkunan da shuke-shuke da kuma wasu masana'antu shuke-shuke ja tilapia aka samu.

The abu ne cewa, da naman wadannan kifaye yana da wani na kwarai dandano, ƙunshi mai yawa na amino acid da kuma bitamin. Bugu da kari, pre-masana'antu yanayin (daga soya da gawa) tilapia zo kawai kamar wata biyu, yayin da cinyewa takarce kayan lambu sharar gida ko cin ciyawa a cikin tafkunan.

Shi ya sa tilapia (kifi cewa wannan, muna gaya wa) shi ne na biyu ya fi na kowa abu na kamun kifin masana'antu, na biyu kawai ga wasu jinsunan irin kifi.