Hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin

Hypothalamo-pituitary tsarin ne a tsarin jam'iyya morphofunctional pituitary (aiwatar da ƙananan appendage na kwakwalwa), kuma hypothalamus (katin a cikin diencephalon) cewa suna da hannu a cikin tsari na autonomic ayyuka a cikin manyan jiki.

Samar a cikin sashen diencephalon hormones da kai tsaye mai hanawa ko ya haramta motsa sakamako a kan mugunya hormones ƙananan cerebral appendage. A wannan yanayin na hypothalamo-pituitary tsarin da kuma yana da wata feedback aiki. Yana ne aka yi nufi ga tsari na hormone mugunya, kuma kira (ta kara samar da hormones a endocrine gland an rage mugunya hormones a wani sashen diencephalon). Hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin gwaji feedback, taimaka wajen kula da haƙuri a cikin jiki.

Gipofizotropnye hormones diencephalon katin kasu kashi liberiny (reinforcing) da kuma wani statin (braking) na Game da samar da Tropic ji ba gani. Matsakaiciyar sashe tsara aka yi kwakwalwa neuropeptides (a irin sunadaran).

A mafi hormones hypophysis hypothalamus haramta motsa sakamako, kamar yadda tsayayya da prolactin - mugunya ne a karkashin tonic mai hanawa tasiri hypothalamus.

Idan lalacewa (magangara mafi ƙasƙanci transection) a cikin ƙananan kwakwalwa kara appendage conserved mugunya oxytocin da vasopressin axons a tsakãtsaki ce shahararsa. Saboda haka, shi ba ya ci gaba da ciwon sukari insipidus. Kau na hypothalamus ko high transection na kafafu stimulates oxytocin samar hasara, vasopressin, da kuma duk amma prolactin hormone a pituitary gland shine yake.

Saboda haka, ayyuka na hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin.

Physiology kwakwalwa ganin dangantaka ta portal tasoshin a adenohypophysis. Jijiyoyin bugun gini bango permeability daban-daban na manyan sunadaran. Groups zaba cell nuclei aka kafa a cikin hypothalamus. Daga cikin su akwai 32 nau'i-nau'i. Sun shiga a cikin tsari daga cikin muhimman ayyuka a cikin jiki. A wannan yanki mai karfi da hakan cibiyoyin da m kuma parasympathetic ƙungiyoyin autonomic juyayi tsarin a. Saboda haka, jini tsari ne da za'ayi, zafi, barci, zafi samar, asarar ci, da kuma sauran jijiyoyin bugun gini permeability.

Hypothalamic-pituitary tsarin ne da hannu ba kawai a rike da haƙuri da ciki yanayi na mutum. Yana kuma samar da wata-wata, kullum, yanayi, da kuma sauran rhythmic hormonal hawa da sauka.

HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) ne iya samun wani gagarumin hana ruwa guda sakamako a kan aiki na mace haihuwa tsarin a matakai daban-daban. Samar ƙarƙashin rinjayar CRH (KTRG - corticotropin-sakewa hormone) proopiomelanocortin peptides exert mai hanawa sakamako a kan samar da hypothalamic gonadotropin-sakewa hormone. Glucocorticoids hana samar da LH (luteinizing hormone) pituitary da progesterone da estrogen a cikin ovaries, ƙananan ji na ƙwarai daga daban-daban kyallen takarda zuwa estradiol.

Saboda haka, key rawar da HPA axis ne m lokacin da kafa da danniya amenorrhea (rashin haila a lokacin fiye da 6 watanni), "hypothalamic". Tare da wannan, akwai wani kai tsaye stimulatory sakamako a kan estrogen gene kiran kasuwa (gabanin jerin nucleotides), wanda shi ne ke da alhakin kira KTRG da noradrenergic Tsarin cikin CNS. Wannan ya bayyana gaban m hypercortisolism (ƙãra aiki adrenal bawo), juyayi, yanayi cuta, yanayi swings, ci cuta da sauran cututtuka.