Gothard Tunnel: bayanin. Ranar Gotthard Tunnel a Switzerland

Gandhard Tunnel a Switzerland ya zama daya daga cikin manyan gine-gine na zamaninmu. Ko da yake duniya ta kara motsawa ta hanyar bikin budewa. Za a samu bayanan bayanan a cikin labarin.

Gotthard Tunnel

A watan Yuni 2016 wani sabon ramin jirgin kasa ya fito a Switzerland. Tsawonsa tsawon kilomita 57 ne, kuma idan muna la'akari da duk hanyar tafiya ta hanyar tafiya da tafiya, to, duk kilomita 153. Gabatarwa ta Gotthard Tunnel ya zama wani abu mai haske da biki. Bayan da masu ginin ya kaddamar da rassan yammacin da gabashin, sai ya karbi sunan mafi tsawo a duniya.

Ƙofar kudancin bakin rami yana kusa da ƙauyen Bodio, arewacin arewa - kusa da ƙauyen Ertsfeld. Don kwanciya, sun fitar da kimanin milyan 25 na dutse kuma sun kashe dala biliyan 12. Ana gudanar da aikin don fara kawai a shekara ta 2017.

Ginin mai suna Gotthard yana da mahimmanci ko asali. A Jamus wannan sunan yana kama da Basis kuma yana nufin cewa an gina shi daidai a ƙafar karamar. Godiya ga wannan matsayi na rami, jirgin ya shiga shi daga wuri mai layi kuma zai iya sauri sauri.

Tarihi

Manufar tunani da shirin ramin ya tashi a 1947. Yana da tsawon tsawon kilomita 45 kuma ya haɗu da Amsteg da Giornico. An shirya shi ne don yin waƙa guda biyu, tare da majalissar cin zarafi a tsakiyar. Kuma gudun zirga-zirga, kusan kamar yadda yake cikin tsarin zamani, ya isa kimanin kilomita 200 a kowace awa.

Hanyoyin zane na sauyawa sun sauya sau da yawa. Tsarin don yanke shawara na karshe shine muhimmin kaya a kan tituna. Gurbin Gotthard ya kamata ya magance wannan matsala, kuma a lokaci guda don rage yawan mummunar tasirin motar a cikin yankin Alpine mai tsabta.

Shirye-shiryen ayyukan farko da shirye shiryen fara ne kawai a 1993. Maimakon tafki mai sau biyu, an yanke shawarar gina tarin hanyoyi guda biyu, wanda aka tanadar da tashoshi da majalisa. Kowane mita 180 ya kamata a haɗa da masana'antar ta hanyar dabarun gandun daji. Ta haka ne daga wata hanya daya zai iya shiga wani.

Ranar budewa

Ranar farko ta Gotthard Tunnel ta Switzerland ta dauki nauyin kuɗi kuma ta zama babban abin da ya faru. A bikin ne kasar ba ta da hankali, yawancin kafofin yada labaru suna watsa labarai a kan layi. A farkon wannan bikin, an tsarkake wurin da ruwa mai tsarki da albarka. Sa'an nan kuma jiragen ruwa tare da fasinjoji lokaci guda shiga cikin biyu tunnels.

Bayan tafiya, an ba da masu kallo wani mataki, wanda ya haifar da masanan kimiyya da yawa a duniya. Ayyukan da ake kira "Sacred Gothard" bai yi kama da aikin mai ba da labari ba, amma ya zama wani abu mai ban mamaki. Tare da ma'aikatan motsa jiki masu tafiya, abubuwa masu ban mamaki sun bayyana a wurin, suna tunawa da wasu kayan turare.

Mutumin babban mutum yana da kullun alkama da ƙaho a kan kansa. Babban allon yana nuna yadda aka saki shi daga dutsen, yana kokarin hana ma'aikata. Sa'an nan kuma fara tashin hankali yana rawa tare da mutane a cikin kayan ado da kayan ado, wasan kwaikwayon yana tare da sauti da kiɗa.

Wannan yankin yana da labari mai tsawo wanda ya haɗa da gina ginin dutse. Shaidan ya taimaka wajen gina shi a musayar rayuka na farko, amma mutane sun yaudare shi ta hanyar aika goat maimakon wani mutum. Don haka, watakila, wani abu ne kawai ya zama kyauta ga al'ada, kyauta ta kyauta na tatsuniyoyi na Swiss.

Tamanin ramin

Gandhard tunnel shine babbar nasara a aikin injiniya. Kafin shi, mafi tsawo a duniya shine Jafananci Seikan, wanda ke haɗe tsibirin biyu, Honshu da Hokkaido. Fiye da ma'aikata 2,500 sun shiga aikin. Matakan karshe na aikin da aka watsa ta talabijin na gida.

Gilashin Gotthard na jirgin kasa zai iya hawa har zuwa ɗari uku jiragen ruwa a rana a cikin sauri na 200-250 km / h. Tsayawa zai iya duka jiragen sufuri da fasinjoji. Yanzu za a rage kimanin sa'a daya a kan hanya daga Italiya zuwa Switzerland.

Ramin yana daga cikin shirin Alptransit, wanda yawanta ya zarce dala biliyan 20. Ayyukanta zai ba da izinin sauke hanya, rage yawan tasirin motoci a kan ilimin halayyar yankin. Bugu da ƙari, wannan hanyar sufurin sufurin ana daukar mafi inganci kuma maras tsada.

Kammalawa

Glashard tunnel shine babban nasara ga kasar. Zuwa ga Suwitzalandta sun shirya hanya har fiye da shekaru goma sha bakwai. Ramin ya zama mafi tsawo a duniya, kuma bisa ga wasu tushe, mafi zurfi. A wasu wurare ya kai zurfin kilomita 2.3 ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Shekarun shekaru da biliyoyin da aka zuba jari a cikin babban aikin aikin jirgin kasa. Kaddamar da ramin yana shirin 2017. Kuma yayin da duniya baki daya ke tattauna ba fasaha ta injiniya ba, a matsayin babban budewa. Wannan bikin ne ainihin lamari ga masu sha'awar maganganun makirci. Wakilan Ikilisiya sun ce sun ga wannan al'ada na kiran shaidan da kuma batutuwa na wahayin.