Girman ma'auni na musamman da kuma tubali iri-iri

A cikin gine-ginen gine-ginen (tare da bangon panel), ana amfani da tubali a matsayin babban abu. Irin wannan ganuwar, ba kamar sauran kwamitocin ba, sun fi dacewa da tsabta. Duk da haka, da kafuwa da kuma bricklaying dauki fiye da lokaci fiye da shigarwa na prefabricated bangarori. Amma duk da haka, ana amfani da wannan abu wajen gina gine-gine na zamani, wanda ke nufin yana da amfani da abin dogara. A cikin labarin yau, mun koyi girman ma'auni da kuma magana game da irinta.

Iri

Kamar yadda ka sani, ginin tubalin ya bambanta da girman, halaye da kuma manufa. A wannan yanayin, za'a iya raba wannan abu zuwa kashi uku:

• Ɗaya da rabi.
• Single.
• Sau biyu.

Girman ma'auni na kwarai ga kowane irin waɗannan nau'o'in. An ƙaddara ta uku sigogi: tsawon, nisa da tsawo.

Girman tubalin (nau'in ma'auni), wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen gina gine-ginen zamani da cibiyoyin zamani, kamar haka: 250x125x65 millimeters. A wannan yanayin, kayan silicate (na biyu) yana da nauyin 250x120x188 mm.

A cikin ginin, girman ma'aunin brick shine 250x125x65 mm. Wannan shine nau'in bulodi mafi dacewa guda ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin masana'antun masana'antu, da siffar da aka ƙera, 250 mm a tsawon, 120 a fadin kuma 80 mm a tsawo, ana amfani dashi. Har ila yau, ya kamata ku lura da irin nau'ikan iri-iri. Girman siffofin nau'in tubalin iri ɗaya ne 138x13x288 mm.

Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin da aka gina gine-gine, ana kiran su yumbura. Bã su da wani abin da za su yi da duwatsu, sabili da haka a cikin samar da su suna labeled a matsayin yumbura tubalan. Mutane da yawa masu sayarwa suna magana da su a matsayin "tubali guda biyu", don haka a lokacin sayen, kada kuyi zaton cewa wannan abu ne na daban. Gidan yumbura, toshe da tubali guda biyu - wannan samfurin ne. Kuma girmansa kamar haka: 250x125x138 millimeters (tsawon * nisa * tsawo, bi da bi).

Daidaitawa da GOST

GOST (Dokar Jihar) don samfurori irin wannan a Rasha ba sa amfani da su, musamman ga sababbin kayayyakin fasahar da suka bayyana a kasuwa shekaru da suka wuce. Hakika, yin amfani da tubalin yumbura a cikin gina gidan zama ko wasu gine-gine yana da matukar amfani, saboda girman girman farashin mashinsa. Sabili da haka, gudun aikin yana da sau da yawa fiye da lokacin kwanciya na abu guda. Bugu da kari, tanadi ma kara zuwa wani ciminti slurry, wanda ake bukata shirya wani yawan tubali masonry.

An yi amfani dasu musamman yumbu dutse a cikin gine-ginen gine-gine, ko gidan zama ne ko kuma gajiyar. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa yawan gidajen da aka yi amfani da ita don yin gini shine ɗaya. Koda yake idan mun gwada yawan adadin manyan cibiyoyin da ke da gine-ginen dutse da kuma gine-gine guda iri ɗaya da brick guda ɗaya, bambancin zai kasance sau da dama sau da yawa.

Me yasa wannan abu ba ya da kyau a Rasha?

Gaskiyar ita ce, yawancin abokan ciniki ba su sani ba yadda wannan dutse zai yi shekaru 10 zuwa 20 bayan kwanciya, kuma ko bangon zai kasance har zuwa wannan lokaci. Saboda haka, yana nuna cewa tare da bambancin zazzabi mai yawa na Celsius 60 ko fiye (bambancin tsakanin yawan zazzabi a cikin hunturu da lokacin rani), irin wannan tubali zai iya zamawa cikin layi daya. Kodayake babu dalilai masu ma'ana da za a kira wannan dutse mafi yawan wanda ba shi da tabbacin, tun da ba a gudanar da bincike kan kimiyya akan wannan batu ba. Saboda haka yana nuna cewa kwanciya da dutse mai yumbu kamar kiɗa ne: ba ka san lokacin da ginin zai rushe ba, kuma nan da nan zai zama.

Wasu kalmomi game da bambance-bambance

Amma baya ga girman. A farkon labarin, mun nuna ainihin girman ma'auni. Dangane da irin, tsawonsa na iya zama 65 - 138 millimeters. A data dabi'u iya dogara a kan wurin aikace-aikace na wani irin abu (msl, girma na tubalin iya bambanta a cikin kewayon daga 65 zuwa 500 millimeters a tsawo). Yi la'akari da cewa bambanci a cikin girman nau'in bulodi daya da kuma zalunci bai wuce sau 1.5 ba, kamar yadda muke gani a waje. Idan muka dubi da hankali kuma muka kwatanta tsawo na farko (65 inimita) da kuma na biyu (88 millimeters), zamu iya cewa shine daidai sau 1.35. Amma saboda sauƙin fahimtar irin wannan kayan ana kiranta "daya da rabi".

Me ya sa daidai nau'i 250½120?

Yawancin tubalin zamani na da tsawon 250 da nisa na mintina 120. Bambanci shine kawai a cikin tsawo na kayan (alal misali, girman tubalin fari shine 250x120x88 mm). Mene ne? Kuma kana buƙatar wannan domin lokacin da kwanciya wannan tubali ya dace don amfani. A cikin girmansa, wannan abu ya dace daidai da hannu, kuma tun lokacin ginawa da ginawa na bango ana amfani da ƙarfin jiki na masu ginin don mafi yawancin, waɗannan girma sun fi dacewa lokacin sanya layuka (ba ta yin amfani da ƙugiyar hasumiya don sa su).

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa

Mutane da yawa ba su san ba, amma a cikin shekarun baya da suka gabata ne aka gabatar da ka'idoji na tubalin a Rasha. Kuma wannan duk da cewa an fara amfani dasu a 1927. Abin mamaki shine, a zamanin Soviet kusan dukkanin gine-gine an halicce ta ta hanyar tubali, ba tare da bin kowane matsayi da bukatun ba. Duk da haka, waɗannan gine-gine a wannan lokaci sune mafi tsayayye da ciwo.