Gargoyle - wani kashi na gine-gine a cikin wani nau'i na Maciji drakonovidnoy

A tarihi Turai gine zauna a wuri na musamman dukan fantastic sculptures cewa ƙawata facades na majestic Cathedrals. Stone gadi dubi canza fuska cikin birnin, kuma ga alama cewa ba su san wasu asiri. Me wadannan halittu sun kasance hari na yi wahayi zuwa sculptors da kuma gine-ginen? Ba kowa ba ne ya sani, amma gargoyle - shi ne ba kawai a grotesque 'ya'yan da m tunanin da wani real alama ce da al'ada cewa yana da zurfin tarihi asalinsu.

Almara dodo daga Seine

Na da Faransa suka sãɓã wa jũna yawan labaru game da dodanni ne da suka rayu a wannan yanki. Saboda haka abin da ake kira gida mythology ya na da wani tsanani tasiri a kan al'adu da zane-zane, da kuma labari na wani gigantic Maciji daga cikin ƙananan kai na da Seine ne daya daga cikin key.

A VII karni jirãge a kan hanyarsu sama da kogin Seine, a wani iri-iri na bala'i sha wahala wai saboda da kai hare-hare na dodo lakabi La Gargul (La Gargouille). Dragon, kamar wata babbar macijiya nutsar da jiragen ruwa, dethroning su ruwa jiragen sama, luring su a cikin whirlpools. Wasu kafofin bayar da rahoton cewa gargoyle - shi ne kuma wuta-numfashi dragon. Saint Roman, wanda ya sa'an nan bishop na birnin Rouen, da fadin lãbãru na mutane da suka tafi a hora da dodo.

Shawo kan tsõro da mazauna sami ikon sami ƙarfin da taimakawa, firist, ya miƙa kawai wani kaso laifi zuwa mutuwa, ya amince ya zamo koto. Duk da haka, da bishop, dauke da makamai ne kawai tare da salla, kuma tsarki giciye, pacify dragon. Daga bisani, mazauna ƙone a kan gungumen azaba dodo, da ikon ƙona kawai shugaban da makogwaro. Wannan bangare na masu garu don Rouen Cathedral a matsayin wani gargadi ga mugayen ruhohi.

A etymology na sunan da daidai kuskure

Wurare da dama a ruwa dodo sun kama sunayen a Faransa, a cikin abin da, ko ta wani hanya, taka leda up asali kalmar kwazazzabo (SIP) ko garg (daga gargarizare fi'ili). Wasu kafofin gano asalin Girkanci "gorgon". A cikin wani hali, da gargoyle - wani irin dodo mallakan m makogwaro, a shirye su cinye unwary matuƙan ko boaters, tare da tare da ruwan.

A cikin Rasha da harshen da aka rubuta a matsayin "gargoyle" da "gargoyle" ko "garguyl". Ma'ana division da aka sani kadan, kuma shi ne quite blurry. A mafi yawan lokuta, na farko embodiment da dangantaka da wani mythological dodanni duk yiwu jeri, da kuma na biyu da na uku embodiments - for gine-gine da abubuwa kamar grotesque sculptural kayan ado weirs.

Gargoyle a gine

Utilitarian dutse dodo a kan rassanta na haihuwa Cathedrals ne ainihin quite nisa daga addini. Wannan m kashi tsara don ado kuma jera fuska da hadadden tsari na cascading weirs. A gaskiya ma, cikin Gargoyle - a drainpipe, mai shiryar da hazo ƙullunku located a kasa, ta hanyar abin da ruwa za su shiga cikin gaba bututu.

Idan shambura danko fitar kawai utykat Cathedral, da wuya ta bayyanar za a iya daukan wani aikin gine-gine da art. Gargoyles - shi ne ba kawai wani sassaka da wani cin nasara yunkurin sake kama irin wannan ƙasa don duniya, kuma m yi kamar yadda gutter. Haka ma, wani ado qazanta da jinsin al'ada ma'anar, awakens tsõro a parishioners.

sculptures da dodanni

The mafi ban sha'awa gargoyles - cewa shi ne su, bambancin da ya dade wuce kunkuntar maciji-kamar dragon Zoological image. Da kwarjini da taƙama gine-gine ado da babu kasa da ban sha'awa dama sculptures, daga cikinsu za mu iya ganin ba kawai, dodon, amma kuma ba a sani ba dodanni, m mutane, haruffa, Legends da labaru, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu ma ya gaske rayu prototypes.

Mafi shahara gargoyle wanda hotuna suna yadu Aka sake buga shi a kan Internet, a gaskiya, tana nufin wani chimera. Wannan ba lambatu, kuma daya daga cikin haruffa a cikin abin da ake kira gallery na chimeras a kan shahara Notre Dame Cathedral. Shi ne ba a bayyana, wanda wani lokacin ake kira da zurfin tunani saboda halayyar wani pensive matsayi.

Gargoyles da chimeras sukan rikita batun a zukatan mutane, da kuma kuskure dangana ga daya irin dodanni. A kan lokaci, da iyakoki tsakanin jinsin aka sosai Heart, kuma yanzu wadannan Concepts suna ma yi amfani da matsayin dangantawa, a cikin ilimi ji, ba shakka, ba daidai ba.

metamorphosis gargoyles

Asalinsu kira gargoyles na musamman gigantic macijin-dodo, mythology koma daga category na gine-gine da abubuwa. Amma gutters sanya fita a wasu hanyoyi: grotesque haruffa, depicting zunubi ne kuma ga shaiɗanu a jahannama, zakuna da sauran dabbobi. By kuma manyan, da gargoyle za a iya daukan wani abu zane dake kwarara - daga rana zuwa m.

Chimera ne ma wani sabon daga Girkanci mythology, shi ne sunan dodo, wanda jiki da aka hada da sassa na zaki, goat da kuma maciji. The shugaban, kafafu da kuma jiki na zaki, goat girma daga wannan wuyansa na wani horned kai kuma mai wutsiya - maciji, wanda, a cewar daban-daban kafofin, dũkan da guba ko numfashi wuta.

A tsawon lokaci, da chimera "samu" sassa na wasu dabbobi, jemage fuka-fuki, biri fuska, gashi ko Sikeli a hankali na marubucin. Chimera - wani abu ne da ba zai iya zama, illogical da kuma girma. Ba mamaki, da gargoyle fadi a cikin wannan category. Shi ke kawai kasance 'yan ƙarni, da kuma sunayen discreetly garwaya.

zamani gargoyle

Abin sha'awa, da kalmar "gargoyle" ba ya bace a cikin hazo lokaci. Na su yin fina-finai da kuma rai fina-finai, rubuta littattafai, suna amfani da haruffan a karo na biyu da shirin, kazalika da caca raka'a a yawa video games. Gargoyle, inda hotuna a baya iya kawai a gani a matsayin wani tunani da Notre Dame-de Paris, shi ne kaunar da yawa gine-ginen da m image.

A Kiev, akwai wani fairly sanannun House tare da Chimeras, ado da images, daga dukan nau'i na dodanni. A yawa na sculptural halittun gida a St. Petersburg, misali a cikin maƙeri titi.

Gargoyle dangana m cantankerous hali, wannan kalma za a iya amfani da a matsayin cin mutumci ko yin izgili laƙabi a cikin adireshin da mace tare da hali. A cikin jerin "interns" Dr. Bulls don haka ya kira sarki likita kananan dakunan shan magani Anastasia Kisegach.

Yanzu gargoyle ne mafi sau da yawa gabatar a matsayin wasu aljannu da leathery fuka-fuki, a cikin wannan tsari, suka bayyana a kwamfuta wasanni da fina-finai. Ya kuma dangana da ikon juya cikin dutse, da sake rayar. Amma kar ka manta da cewa duk fara da wani gigantic maciji, da zato da suke zaune a cikin ƙananan kai na Kogin Seine.