Domin tsarin na Ancient Girka da Roma

Sananne ne cewa dukan duniya gine ɓullo da a ƙarƙashin rinjayar classic kayayyaki halitta da gine-ginen na almara Hellas. Su dawwamar da ayyukan da ƙarni aiki a matsayin wani abin koyi na jituwa cewa wahayi zuwa ga gine-ginen da daga baya lokaci ga wanda masomin na m bincike ne domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka. Photo dake bayyana labarin, ba wani tunani na ta halayyar fasali.

A ra'ayi na gine-gine domin

Kafin mu fara magana game da siffofin daban-daban umarni, ba ciwo da zai fayyace mana ma'anar da kai, don haka m, a cikin gine na lokaci. Ƙõramu an fahimci matsayin abun da ke ciki sakamakon daga m lura da mafi muhimmanci gine-gine - ta post-da-katako yi. A sauki hade da wani a tsaye goyon baya da kuma a kwance mashaya a shi ya zama mai aikin fasaha.

Helenawa da yanayi ya muhimmi poetic ji na da yawa ga alama mundane rai halaye. Ga kuma a cikin saba hade da ginin abubuwa da kuma ginshikan daga cikin manya benaye, sun kasance iya ganin alama ce ta gwagwarmaya da kyau - goyon baya, da kuma mugunta - latsa a kan shi daga sama da kansa nauyi na katako, da architrave. Oh, kuma idan ta zo da irin wannan sarauta maɗaukaka al'amura, shi ya zama da gaske rinjãya jirgin wahayi na zamanin d gine-ginen.

Uku Pillars na zamanin d Girkanci gine

An domin tsarin gine-gine na zamanin d Girka dogara ne a kan uku da ginshiƙai, da shi ya zama tushen ga dukan zamanin da wanzuwar wannan ci-gaba da wayewa. Kasa su ne fiye da gane a matsayin Doric domin, ionic da Corinthian. Wadannan sunayen zo daga yankunan inda gini na farko ya bayyana, alama su rarrabe m fasali. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne ba talakawa gidãjensu da jama'a gine-gine ko majami'u.

Babu daidaituwa cewa addini gine-gine farin cikin 'ya'yan itãcen m wahayi gine-ginen. A bauta wa gumãka, hada da ba wai kawai na al'ada tsarin, amma kuma bukatar wani sosai musamman ado siffar halitta dukan abubuwa daga Haikalin, har da ta gine-gine da zane da kuma sculptural ado.

Farkon gine-gine da style na zamanin d Girka

Bugu da kari domin tsarin a cikin gine-gine na zamanin d Girka yana da zurfin tarihi asalinsu. Ko da a cikin sosai farkon - tsaoho - aka gina a cikin lokaci, da m siffofin da ake kira Doric. Ibada, ya yi a cikin style muhimmi to squat, m zari da ado. Wanda ya rayu a karni na AD, sanannen Roman m, kuma m Vitruvius aptly aka bayyana shi a matsayin "namiji."

The inganci na irin halayyar zama na fili lokacin da ka ga m ginshikan, da samar da ra'ayi ƙarfi, iya withstanding wani kaya. A lokaci guda, su surface rufe tsaye mikawa tare da axis na GROOVES, Highlights da muradinta na sama, da kuma Halicci ji na kuzarin kawo cikas, wanda, a cikin sãɓãwar launukansa digiri, duk batun da oda tsarin na zamanin d Girka.

A takaice kwatanta wannan gine-gine da dabara, ya kamata a lura da cewa sakamakon tashin aka samu da siffar da kuma ginshikan - a cikin m tushe da kuma Tapered a saman. Yana da kama wani index, da nufin sama - mazaunin gumãka sujada a haikalin. Wannan stylistic dabara hidima wani dalili - conical hasumiya silhouette shĩ ne mafi girma ji na counteraction nauyi fiye da tsananin tsaye siffar.

A iri-iri na Doric haikalin

Crowning na shafi - babban birnin kasar - ne halin da rashin kayan ado da kuma kunshi wani m convex contours, kira echinus, da kuma wani rectangular farantin - abacus. Babu wani abu mafi. Gaskiya namiji kyakkyawa bukatar wani ƙawa. Duk da haka, wannan art shugabanci ba ya nufin cewa, domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa monotony waje Ibada, ya yi a cikin tsarin na wani musamman style.

Tare da janar kama da rabbai na Doric Ibada duba daban. Duk abin dogara a kan tsawo da kuma matsayin da ginshiƙai, kazalika da janar gini rabbai. A wasu lokuta, shi halitta mai ma'ana unaffordable nauyi, yayin da wasu - sauƙi da alheri. Don ganin wannan, kalli m Pestumskogo form haikalin Poseidon, da kuma kwatanta su da wani iyo shaci na Wuri Mai Tsarki na Hephaestus a Agora.

Ana zargin da mata manufa a cikin gine-gine

Wani lokaci daga baya, tuni a heyday na Rum al'adu, da oda tsarin na Ancient Girka da aka wadãtar da wani gine-gine da style da aka sani da ionic domin. Ba kamar da ɗan'uwansa Dorian, wanda aiwatuwa siffofin namiji, ya zama wani furci na mace da kuma alherin, bayyana a cikin siririn shaci ginshikan, da kuma sauran sauƙi na Ibada shi ƙaddarãwa.

Bugu da kari, da Girkanci gine-ginen, wahayi zuwa gare ta ta kyau countrywomen, yi dajiya ginshiƙai a cikin nau'i na da'ira, reminiscent na mace ta nono, qawata da arziki kayan ado a cikin nau'i na necklaces. Sarewa da aka sanya don haka mai zurfi cewa ba su iya taimaka cikin viewer hade da folds da ta dress.

A total ra'ayi na mata da kuma wani na batsa kuma ru caryatides - mace Figures, amfani da ƙarin goyon bayan. Sun kasance mai kaifi bambanci wanzu a Doric Ibada iko da kuma ciki Figures na Atlanteans.

Iri ionic style

Gine-gine na da ionic domin, ba kama. Suna da rarrabe siffofin da cewa ba da damar raba su a cikin Asia Ƙananan da ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi zabin. Farko na babban portrayal na daban-daban tushe da kuma rashin frieze - band sculptural ado, siffatawa saman ganuwar. An samu infrequently. Ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi more kowa zaɓi. Yana da wannan salon ne ya fi shahara gine-gine domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka. Acropolis na fi shahara domin ta rungumi.

A rarrabe fasali na ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi style haikalin za a iya kira wani uku-Layer entablature - bim na rufi, Allaha a kan goyon bayan ginshikan. Bugu da kari, su ne halin m frieze cewa da'irori dukan kewaye da ginin, kuma sau da yawa ado da ado qagaggun.

A general, ionic Haikalin, domin duk ta undeniable isa yabo, da daya babbar drawback - cikakkun bayanai da aka hada a cikin abun da ke ciki, an hana wani m review. A cewar su zane fasali, sun kasance kyau tare da kawai daya musamman gefe. Yana da wannan dalilin cewa domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka bukatar wani sabon, mafi ladabi da kuma m style.

Style, tunawa da nasarorin da suka wuce ƙarni

Sun zama Corinthian domin, tsara shan la'akari da karfi da kuma kasawan ta biyu magabata. Ya} unshi mafi kyau na fasali. Wannan a ta samu ta cika kammala domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka. Da labari cewa, ta mahalicci, da tsoho Greek m Callimachus da zarar halarta da spectacle na tunawa da shi.

Tsaye a kan matasa Greek mace kabari kwandon furanni rufe acanthus toho, ta hanyar ta sanduna kore rassan. Yana da haka m ga m, da ya halitta da dama ginshikan, manya inda ya gani sake bugawa. Sun kasance kyau daga duk ra'ayoyi, da kuma hanyar da aka dalilin da samar da wani sabon tsarin gine-gine domin.

Waccan mujalla da muka Roman m Vitruvii idan aka kwatanta Koranti siririn shafi tare da silhouettes 'yan mata. A bambanci ga Dorian da Ionian samfurori da suke duba mafi m da proportionate. Bugu da kari, ga Corinthian manya da entablature, ban da su dukkanin, halin da arziki ado, ba su da wani mai haske festive look.

Roman mabiya tsoho Helenawa

Domin tsarin na zamanin d Girka aiki a matsayin dalilin da halittar kuma da ci gaban gine-gine styles na Roman Empire. Amma sabanin baya ƙarni, a baya lokacin da tarihin duniya, da baza ya ba uku, amma biyar yayi garantin. Domin gada daga cikin Greek gine-ginen da kuma ir} iro reworked da style of Roman gine-ginen kara biyu asali ci gaba da su - Tuscan da Hadedde.

A sauki ne Tuscan style. An halin da m ginshikan da Saukake Doric entablature - beamed rufi span, sau da yawa aka yi da itace. Roman Doric kuma Roman ionic domin a general haifa su prototypes na Greek, amma tare da wasu gyare-gyare. Amma ga kumshin style, an dauke mafi rikitarwa a cikin tsarin, kamar yadda wakilta wani sa na abubuwa da sauran hudu umarni.

Mafificin dutsen gini na duniya gine

Yana da wani ƙari da cewa, gine na zamanin tsohuwar Girka, domin tsarin wanda same ta ci gaba a cikin ayyukan Roman gine-ginen, shi ne akai a kan wanda daga baya a dukan duniya gargajiya gine. Peering niyarsa a ta fi shahara Masterpieces za a iya gani a cikin wadannan abubuwa zo a cikin mu duniya daga zamanin d zurfin ƙarni.