Misalin - ne da kamã da jũna a Greek

"To, ku kuma Plyushkin!" - mu ce rõwa,, wanda aka tattara dukan ba dole ba abubuwa kawai saboda hoarding. Ko, "Wannan ke zaunar," - game da wani mutum wawa da kuma m. Lokacin da muka gani a hoto na kurciya kyawu, mun fahimci cewa muna magana ne game da tsarki da kuma fifiko na ruhu, da Yahuza - game da cin amana, da wata mace tare da ɗaure wa ido da kuma Sikeli a hannunsa - a kan rashin son kai da kuma adalci. Kuma ba mu ko da tunani game da gaskiyar cewa jawabin da m roko ga irin wannan ra'ayi kamar yadda Misalin. Wannan shi ne lokacin da wani abu m da m yana daukar kwayar cutar a cikin nau'i na wani takamaiman image, m , ko wallafe-wallafen. Bayan duk, mun koya daga cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki cewa Yahuza ya ci amanar da Almasihu da kuma har abada zama hanyar yaudara da kuma cin amana, bayanai koya daga tatsuniyar cewa fox - shi ne mai zamba, wani zomo - matsorata, da sauransu.

A Girkanci allegoria (Misalin) - wannan shi ne wani Misalin. Za mu iya rubuta, "Pharmacy", kuma zai iya wakiltar wani kwano da wani maciji, a cikin wannan, kuma a wani yanayin, kowa da kowa zai gane abin da yake a baya da wannan kofa, amma na farko yanke shawara rectilinear, da kuma na biyu - Misalin.

Domin da farko lokacin da wannan ra'ayi da aka bayar a cikin treatises na Cicero da kuma na karya-Longinus, a kan art na orator. A tsakiyar zamanai da shi da aka yi imani da cewa wannan misali - yana da daya daga cikin dabi'u, wanda dole ne dole mallaka wani m, ko wallafe-wallafen aiki. Har ila yau, shi ya kamata ya zama a zahiri, da halin kirki da kuma ilimi dabi'u.

Misalin a cikin adabi da aka yi amfani da sosai yadu da kuma a cikin da yawa daga baya lokaci. Alal misali, Roman Gogolya "Matattu Rayukan" cike yake da kamã da jũna haruffa: Plyushkin kwantena Sobakevich, kafafen hancinsa - kowane daga cikinsu shi ne firayi misali na wani aibi ko mutum, misali, a wuya-bugawa halayya: avarice, sloth, lalacewar, kuma haka a kan ..

Akwai duka nau'o'i, wanda aka yafi gina a kan Misalin amfani da hotunan: labari, hikaya, wani misali. Wake up dare kowane biyar sa dalibi kuma tambaye: "Abin da labari?" The Crow da Fox "," - "A cikin flattery da girman kai" - otraportuet masanin da kuma sake binne a wani bargo. Amma da safe, a hankali shafa idanunsa, zai gaya maka game da Saltykov-Shchedrin da "hikima kifi", da kuma rookeries Gorky wauta penguins jarumi Falcons, petrels, black walƙiya kamar. Idan wani wuri kusa da nan zai nuna wani yaron, shi ne kuma zai yiwu ya zama ƙarƙashin da jarrabawa: "ku yi?" - "The Power, clumsiness, sauki!" - "A kerkẽci?" - "fushi ba, bloodthirstiness, silliness!" - "Fox?" - "The zamba, da ha'inci, da wata yaudara!" - "Madalla! Rike alewa! "

Saboda haka cewa ko da kananan yara sani sosai, cewa shi ne wani Misalin. An yi cikinsa daga sosai farko littattafai, yar tsana shows, tsohon majigin yara.

Wani irin art ya, a Bugu da kari ga adabi, shi ne muhimmi a cikin yin amfani da wannan hanya a matsayin misali? Zanen, ba shakka, sassaka, graphics, da sauran nau'o'i na zane-zane, duka biyu na gargajiya da kuma na zamani.

Kyakkyawan misali a nan za su iya zama a matsayin sassaka "The Bronze doki" a St. Petersburg. A cikin dagi na da kalaman yakan Tsar Bitrus da zafi doki ta kofato zuwa ga maciji. Kalaman - ne kashi cewa yana da za a shawo kan domin gina wani birni (da marshy gaba na da Neva River), maciji - cikas da matsaloli kwanto a kowane mataki na kawo canji, da doki - Rasha, agitated sababbin abubuwa da kuma ra'ayoyin da ya m.

A kamã da jũna zanen ya kamata rike da yawa mai girma artists: Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Rubens da yawa wasu.