Dankali mafitsara nematode: description, m, yaki

Dankali mafitsara nematode - wata cuta halin fili bayyane rauni tubers (ga photo). Hanyar da cuta ne wani kankanin tsutsa da ciwon filamentary form. A gaskiya, da sunan cuta, "zinariya nematode dankalin turawa," ya zo daga sunan wadannan kwayoyin ( "nima" da aka fassara a matsayin "kirtani", da kuma «oides» kamar yadda "kamar" ko "thread-kamar"). A yanayi wadannan kananan tsutsotsi iya ci karo a cikin ƙasa, kuma surface yadudduka (yawanci har zuwa 10 cm zurfi), da kuma Antarctic kankara ruwa, da kuma zafi spring. Musamman mai yawa daga gare su, har yanzu a cikin ƙasa (dama miliyan da murabba'in mita).

hanyar rayuwa

Dankali mafitsara nematode ya keta ta mouthparts mashi-bango da shuka cell da kuma injects ta yau a cikin abin da, bi da bi, sabobin tuba cikin cell a cikin digestible abu gama tsutsa da kuma facilitates da motsi na da m kan tuber.

Mai nematode qwai sa ko dai a cikin ƙasa, ko kai tsaye shuka tushen azabtar. Dankali mafitsara nematode Hatching zuriyarsu a kanta zama irin na wani m jam'iyya. Kowane irin wannan kankanin mafitsara iya ƙunsar har zuwa ɗari uku larvae. A tsawon lokaci da rayuwa (ko, m, da rayuwa) ne quite high - 10 (shekaru da kuma mafi).

cuta

Larvae kunno kai daga cysts nan da nan za a fara dauki tushen a cikin tushen da shuka. A abu wanda injects da dankalin turawa mafitsara nematode, halaka tuber Kwayoyin kuma, da ita slows da girma. Stalks ƙeƙashe, ganye ƙunci. A shuka ekes fitar da wani bakin cikin, m zama. Dankali mafitsara nematode shimfidawa sosai da sauri. Bugu da ƙari, ya shafa tubers an fi samun sauƙin shiga pathogens sauran cututtuka. Ko da nematodes kawo ƙwayoyin cuta, dafa abinci, kuma mataki na sauran pathogens. Alal misali, nematode tuber samar enzymes cewa yin shuka mai saukin kamuwa zuwa marigayi burtuntuna.

Nematode - da abu na rigakafi

"Marasa lafiya" dankalin turawa, aka shigo daga Kudancin Amirka da kuma yankunan duwatsu na Andes. Shi ya tafi daga nan baza nematodes a dukan duniya. Yau da tsutsa da aka samu a cikin 42 kasashen. Kuma shi ne - duk da cewa da nematode - wani rigakafi makaman. Nisa daga dubban kilomita, kamar yadda ka sani, wani parasitic tsutsa kanta iya ba. Su jure da mutum da kansa. Ta yaya? Disappointingly sauki: tare da dasa kayan for ƙafafun motoci, domin ban ruwa tsarin, a machining kayan aikin, kuma ko da a ka takalma.

Abin baƙin ciki, da shafin da kamuwa da cuta da m more. Ba a cire cewa in babu tasiri hanyoyin magance cututtuka da dankalin turawa (nematode) za a gyarawa a ko'ina.

Kariya da kuma rigakafin

Tare da irin wannan high mai tsanani, duk lambu da kuma manoma, sami ãyõyin halakar da kayan lambu da wannan m, shi ne shawarar nan da nan bayar da rahoton wannan ga Inspectorate na Shuka keɓe masu ciwo (wakilan suna samuwa a duk yankunan).

Yanzu za mu iya magana game da kiwon waddan iri malovospriimchiva nematode. Daga cikin su - "Latona", "anosta", "Picasso" da "Impala" (Holland).

Akwai sabon kwayoyi. Na riga ya tabbatar da su, don zama wani nematicide basamid granulate. Ya yi amfani da seeding (dasa), yafi a ɗaka karkashin tumatur da cucumbers, uniform dispersions da ta saka a cikin ƙasa na 40 g da miyagun ƙwayoyi da murabba'in mita. Kariya na dankali da wannan magani ya ba tukuna aka yi karatu.

Wasu kasashe sun dauka mafi m matakan - daga cikin aiki da samar da sarari geterofosom (80 kg / ha) da kuma thiasone (270 kg / ha) kafin instillation daga kamuwa da itãce da ƙasa bi ta chlorination (zuba Bleach).