Da wakilan da shuka mulkin: kuma misalai na tsarin fasali

Wannan labarin zai magance wakilan da shuka mulkin. Misalan (Grade 3 nazarin wannan batu a cikin shakka daga cikin duniya), wadannan na kowa kwayoyin da aka sani ga duk daga yara. Duk da haka, ba kowa da kowa ya ambaci wani wajen hadaddun rarrabuwa daga cikin 'yan wannan din hadin kai.

Da wakilan da shuka mulkin: kuma misalai na tsarin fasali

Shuke-shuke da yawan rarrabe fasali. Farko, kuma farkon na wadannan ne da irin Pitino. All shuka kwayoyin ne autotrophs. Sun iya haduwa glucose da oxygen a kan nasu. Wannan tsari shine ake kira photosynthesis. Yana auku a ciki surface na dindindin cell Tsarin kira chloroplast.

Duk da haka, daban-daban taxonomic kungiyoyin na kwayoyin bambanta muhimmanci. Misalai na wakilan mulkokin shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, fungi, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta sake tabbatar da wannan. Bari mu dubi misali na taxonomic kungiyoyin jinsuna.

Chlamydomonas da kelp

Waɗannan su ne hankula wakilan da shuka mulkin. Misalan wadannan kuma za a iya supplemented da Chlorella, Spirogyra, ulothrix, Ulvi. Dukansu suna da mambobi na algae. Wannan ne sosai farko shuke-shuke da suke da quite m tsarin. Suna wakilta guda, kwayar da mulkin mallaka kwayoyin. algae jiki kira wani thallus. Ya kunshi mutum Kwayoyin, wanda ake ba a hade a cikin wani masana'anta. tushen aiki da aka yi da musamman ilimi, da ake kira rhizoids. Wadannan shuke-shuke suna kira na baya.

Mosses da ferns

A rukuni na babban jami'in wakilan ci gaba da lura da shuka mulkin. Misalan wadannan, fãce mosses da ferns - shi ne horsetails da kuma kulob din mosses. Su riga mafi girma shuke-shuke, da jikin wanda ya kunshi wadannan tsokoki da kuma gabobin. A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar daga wadannan kwayoyin faruwa ta yin canji - jima'i da kuma asexual.

Ka yi la'akari da wannan tsari ta hanyar da misali na gansakuka, daya daga cikin na kowa abin da yake Kukushkin flax. A ta rayuwa sake zagayowar predominates gametophyte. Yana da wani kore shuka tare da listostebeslnoe rhizoids. Su sa kama wani kore kafet. Tare da ci gaba da shi a kafa jam sel. Sun ci, kuma a sakamakon a kan gametophyte kafa asexual tsara gansakuka. Ya na da irin kwalaye a kan wani bakin ciki zangarniya. A cikin shi akwai rigima. Su sake yiwuwar tohowarsu Kwayoyin. Da zarar a cikin ƙasa, suka germinate, sake kafa wani kore kafet na gametophyte.

Sauran mafi girma spore shuke-shuke a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar predominates sporophyte. Anatomically, shi ba a hade tare da jima'i tsara da kuma ci gaba dabam.

Spruce kuma Pine

Kuma shi ke nan sananne wakilan da shuka mulkin. Misalan (Grade 3 nazarin songs, tãtsũniyõyin kuma riddles game da su) gymnosperms quite sau da yawa samu a daban-daban wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu, saboda haka saba wa duk daga yara.

Spruce kuma Pine ne mafi hankula wakilan wannan din hadin kai. Jerin ke kan fir, Dusi, cycads, Yew, Juniper, cypress. Su ne duk Gymnosperms sashen. Su na kowa siffofin ne da rashi na furanni, ya kuma inganta 'ya'yan itacen. Tsaba daga wadannan shuke-shuke ci gaba a kan danda mazugi Sikeli bude. Saboda haka aka kira su din hadin kai. Mafi yawan su suna da bakin ciki ganye, kira needles. Ba su fada a lokacin sanyi kakar, saboda su stomata a cikin hunturu aka shãfe haske da guduro, wanda ya hana ruwa danshin tsari. The kawai togiya YAKE larch, wanda lokaci zuwa lokaci canje-canje ta "kore dress".

Gymnosperms da aka gabatar tare da most shuka ganye, wanda isa a tsawon mita 2. Wannan ban mamaki Welwitschia, wanda ke tsiro a Afirka hamada. Kuma gangar jikin wannan shuka aka boye a karkashin kasa, amma a kan surface akwai kawai biyu manyan zanen gado.

Apple Tree da alkama

Kuma a nan ne ya fi kowa wakilan da shuka mulkin. Misalai daga gare su m. Apple, plum, barkono, dankali, nightshade, hatsin rai, alkama, ya tashi, chamomile ... Total Pokrytosemennye sashen yana da fiye da 250,000 jinsunan. The rinjaye matsayin su sun samu godiya ga flower da 'ya'yan itace. tsaba ci gaba a cikin mutãnen ƙarshe. Shi ne da 'ya'yan itace daga gare su, abin dogara da kariya daga sanyi, inji lalacewa, wata majiya na ruwa da kuma na gina jiki.

Angiosperms sashen hada 2 azuzuwan: daya-da kuma dicotyledonous. Tsohon da guda cotyledon a cikin tayi na iri, fibrous tushen tsarin, sauki mikakke ganye. A dicots da tayi a cikin zuriyarsa ne biyu cotyledons, su tushen tsarin ne da zuciyar, kuma a kara cambium tasowa.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu dubi misalai na wakilan da shuka mulkin. Ainihin kungiyoyi ne m (algae) kuma mafi girma, wanda zai iya zama spore da iri.