A iri-iri na dabbobi. Materials for cikin Darasi

A ilmin halitta, duk rayayyun kwayoyin halitta, kuma kada babu a duniya, zuwa kashi hudu babbar kungiyoyin kira da mulkoki. Wannan kwayoyin cuta, shuke-shuke, fungi da kuma dabbobi. Kowane daula hada da wani babban iri-iri na danginsu da kuma jinsin kunshi babban adadin raka'a. Amazing kuma, wata babbar dama namun daji. Bi da bi, da dabbobi kasu kashi guda-celled da kwayar, invertebrate da vertebrate kwayoyin. A kimiyya tafiyad da nazarin su ne ake kira ilmin dabbobi (ilmin halitta sashe).

A iri-iri na dabbobi: rarrabuwa

Kwaro yawanci alaka tsutsotsi, mollusks, echinoderms, crustaceans, arachnids da kuma kwari. Wadannan dabbobi (a, tsutsotsi - ma dabbobi) da babu a ciki ko waje a pronounced kashin baya. Wani lokaci akwai chitinous harsashi cewa aikin wannan rawa. Domin vertabrate hada da kifi, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, da abubuwa masu rarrafe, da tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa (mutane yana nufin karshe aji, saboda shi Ciyarwar su jariran nono).

Kwaro: Tsutsotsi

A iri-iri na namun daji iya da kyau kaga, karatu wadannan halittu. Wannan kungiyar hada da fiye da 46 dubu jinsunan kwayoyin. Tsutsotsi suna koma ta wajen na roba tsokoki da lankwasawa da jiki a daban-daban kwatance. Suna zaune a cikin tekuna, da kõguna a cikinta, tabkuna, swamps, a cikin ƙasa. Bright, sanannun wakilin - da earthworm. Yana zaune a cikin ƙasa, taimaka a sassauta kuma wadãtar da shi. Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga kowane irin gona aiki. Mutane da yawa daga cikin azuzuwan ne amfani tsutsotsi. Alal misali, matsatsaku. Suna amfani da magani. A marine tsutsotsi bauta kamar yadda akai feed domin sayar da kifi girbe by masunta ne. Ba tare da su, wasu jinsunan kifaye a can zai zama babu abinci. Duk da haka, akwai mutane da yawa parasitic tsutsotsi da cewa wanzu a kudi na wasu kwayoyin (parasites a kan su). Saboda da rashin mutunta sirri kiwon lafiya irin parasites iya samun cikin da kuma cikin jikin mutum da kuma zauna a can na tsawon shekaru. Saboda haka yanzu da cewa ka gane yadda muhimmanci shi ne su bi da sauki dokoki na kiwon lafiya: a wanke hannu kafin cin abinci, ba sa amfani da datti jita-jita, ba su da damar gaban kwari. Af, tsutsotsi, ya magance cikin wasu kwayoyin emit cutarwa kayayyakin na rayuwa, hankali guba ubangijinsa. The mutum ya zama m, ya kome m, ya sauri samun gaji da raunana, akwai akai maye, kuma dole ne ka yi tsanani tsangwama tare da likitoci cire musamman wajen wannan dukan dabbobi daga jikin mutum.

clams

A iri-iri na dabbobi ne ma manyan clams. Wannan kungiyar tana da sama da 130 dubu jinsunan. Kuma suka rayu kusan ko ina, ko da a kan itatuwa. Amma mafi yawansu ba su zaune a cikin teku a daban-daban zurfin. Wasu daga cikin su daruruwan shekaru da haihuwa. Shellfish feed a ranar biyu shuke-shuke da kuma kananan dabbobi, da kuma Organic sharar gida. Kusan dukkan su suna kare a cikin nau'i na wani harsashi (sai dai, misali squid, wanda shi ma wani kilam, amma ya na da farkon harsashi). Mutane sun dade cinye Shellfish domin abinci. Wasu mambobin wannan kungiyar ne ko da delicacies.

echinoderms

Wannan tarwada (1,500 jinsunan), samu da sunan saboda haskoki a jiki (da yawa ne biyar na su, amma wasu ma asusu na sama zuwa 50 guda). Da taurari, da suka rayu a cikin tẽku, ne daban-daban a cikin size da kuma bayyanar. A halayyar alama na tarwada - ikon regenerate (kamar kadangaru). Idan dabba ta warware wata gabar jiki, sa'an nan a cikin wuri shi ke tsiro a cikin wani sabon kudi. A katako na ware sabon mutum tasowa a karkashin sharadi gwargwado. Mai tarwada - da yara.

Sea urchins (800 jinsunan) ma ya kasance a cikin echinoderms. urchin jiki da aka rufe da allurar na daban-daban masu girma dabam. A sprouting tsawon iya isa 30 santimita. Jerzy matsawa da taimakon needles. Kuma daga gare su akwai sosai guba, m ga sauran dabbobi.

crustaceans

A jikin wadannan dabbobi kunshi sulke segments: shugaban, thorax da ciki. Wata gabar jiki, wanda aka located a kan ciki da kuma kirji, da damar da cutar daji don motsawa a fadin surface. Su fito da idãnu an yi sama da yawa kananan ramuka, kuma a kan shugaban akwai da dama da nau'i-nau'i daga jaws.

Arachnids da kwari

A iri-iri na dabbobi masu rai a duniya, yana da kyau wakilci, da kuma wadannan kungiyoyi, wanda akwai fiye da dubu 27,000 jinsunan. Wadannan biyu related kungiyoyin. Kawai kwari da shida kafafu da kuma gizo-gizo - takwas. Amma duk da haka a duk kwari da fuka-fuki, ko da a cikin jariri. Gizo-gizo fuka-fuki ne ba samuwa. Har ila yau, jiki tsari ne daban-daban: kwaro yana da wani shugaban, thorax da ciki, da kuma gizo-gizo - cephalothorax da ciki.

vertabrate

A iri-iri na dabbobi da suke zaune a wannan duniya tamu, shi ne mai sauki su yi tunanin nazarin vertebrate tawagar. Wannan kifi, ya rufe tare da ɓamɓaroki. Su ne mai girma iri-iri iri, daga cikinsu ne sosai tsoho inhabiting cikin teku tun a tarihi mai nisa (sharks, crossopterygian kifi). Wannan kuma halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, da dabbobi masu rarrafe, da tsuntsayen, da kuma dabbobi masu shayarwa cewa zauna cikin duniya. A iri-iri na dabbobi ne don haka mai girma cewa ko da wani gogaggen dabbobi ba ya bayar da amsar wannan tambaya na yadda da yawa jinsunan wanzu a yanayi. Saboda akwai wani tabbatacce amsar da: kullum bude sabon up, wasu data kasance jinsunan bace. Yana za'ayi da zagayowar yanayi, wanda ya hada da wani m iri-iri na dabbobi (ga sama photo).