Convening da dokoki Hukumar Catherine II, ta rawa wajen ci gaban na Rasha dokokin

Empress Catherine II ya fara zamanin mulkinsa tare da wani gyara a cikin ruhun da manufar "haskaka absolutism", wahayi zuwa gare ta aikin na Turai da dama gabascin. Kamar yadda ka sani, da sosai "haskaka absolutism" zaci da daidaitakar dukan mutane a cikin kasar, ko da kuwa su aji, a gaban wata guda dokar. Saboda haka, a 1767 an gudanar da dokoki Hukumar Catherine 2, da manufar wanda ya kafa wani sabon sa na dokokin da cewa kare bukatun dukan azuzuwan al'ummominsu. Empress yi imani da cewa shi ne isa ga maras tauyewa Rasha ra'ayin za a goyan bayan wakilan da yawa darajõji, kuma azuzuwan, kuma sakamakon haka, ya karfafa matsayinsu a kan fadar kursiyin.

Saboda haka, Code Hukumar shi ne na gama jiki, gudanar da tsara dokoki, wadda ta zo a cikin karfi da baya a 1649. Duk da tarihi na Rasha Empire aka gudanar bakwai irin kwamitocin. A mafi manyan-sikelin da aka convening Majalisar Dokokin Hukumar Catherine II, wanda ya sãɓã, daga baya fadi misali (yanzu don zaben wakilai, a yarda 'yan ƙasa - daya wakilin daga birnin, manyansu, manoma da kuma' yan kasashen waje). A dama da za a zabe ga 'yan majalisar dokokin hana wakilan iko na ruhaniya, kuma serfs. Aza Hukumar Catherine II kunshi 450 members, mafi yawan abin da su ne wakilan da 'yan ƙasa (36%) gentry (33%) kuma kyauyen (20%).

Wakilai na dokoki Hukumar aka bai yalwa da gata. Saboda haka, da suka samu wani ƙarin albashi, ba za a iya hõre kofur azãba, da azabtarwa, da kuma mutuwa, daga waliccinsu, ba za a iya kwace karkashin wani yanayi (sai dai basusuka). Zagin mataimakin azabtar da Kaddamar da wani tsanani azãba.

Taron duniya na da dokoki Hukumar Catherine II aka alama ta daya mafi ban sha'awa ga mazauna bidi'a Rasha. Empress da kaina shi ne abin da ake kira "Umarnin" to wakilai, to, an shiryar da lokacin yin muhimmin yanke shawara. A cikin "Umarnin" Catherine ta tashi ta ra'ayoyi a kan manyan kalubalen da na dokoki Hukumar. A rubutu na daftarin aiki kunshi ashirin surori, zuwa kashi articles. Wasu daga cikin su aka rubuta a cikin ruhun da dokokin na Faransa Falsafa Charles Montesquieu, kashi - a cikin ruhu na Italian littattafai C. Beccaria, "A Laifukan azãba".

A Empress ya gamsu da cewa kawai zai yiwu nau'i na gwamnati a irin wannan babbar kasa kamar yadda Rasha ne mai cikakkar daular mulkinsu. Don kare duk 'yan ƙasa daga zãlunci da ƙẽtare arbitrariness na monarch da dokoki Hukumar kamata a kafa, wanda da wakilai, da dama don bayyana halin yanzu gwamnan na ra'ayin cewa, misali, tallafi na cikin Littãfin ne unacceptable karkashin yanayin da ake ciki, shi ne saba wa ra'ayin da dokoki Hukumar, da kuma saboda haka, ba za a iya sanya jama'a. Na articles "umarni" An kishin ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasar, da gina sabon garuruwa, da cin gaban tattalin arziki, da aikin gona da ciniki.

Convening da dokoki Hukumar a lokacin rani na 1767. Its bude aka alama ta ibadar a ɗauka cewa Cathedral na Kremlin da sirri gaban Catherine II. Dukkan mambobi kafin taron ya karbi rantsuwar. A cikin fall na 1768, yaki ya barke tsakanin Rasha da Ottoman Empire, bukatar da kasancewa da yawa wakilai, a soja kamfanoni da kuma a fagen yaƙi. Marshal A. Bibikov aka sanar ƙarshe na taronsu. Convening da dokoki Hukumar Catherine II shi ne na karshe haɗuwa da wannan irin wakilan daban-daban azuzuwan na Rasha. Duk da wannan, wani ƙoƙari na haifar da irin wannan aji-wakilin jiki na Empress tãyar da ita a cikin idanu na yawan jama'ar, ta da ta profile zuwa sabon Heights biyu a Rasha da kuma nisa fiye da kan iyakoki.