Cloisonné: master aji. m cloisonné

Famous Hypation Chronicle ya kawo mu labarin da abubuwa masu banmamaki da na Rasha jewelers, Popular su kayayyakin enamel - da abun da ke ciki na ƙarfafa bayan harbe-harben launin vitreous foda da kuma cinma wani matsanancin gani sakamako. Wannan fasaha ya zo Rasha daga Rum, wanda ya bayyana a cikin VI karni. Yau tsoho kalmar enamel da aka fita daga wurare dabam dabam, maye gurbinsu da kalmar da ake amfani da yau - art enamel.

Mene ne ado enamel?

Kafin mu fara magana game da abin da yake cikin m dabara, mai lakabin "cloisonné" zaune a kan bayanin wannan abun da ke ciki, ya yi amfani da jewelers da Masters arts da sana'o'i. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, enamel - wani foda samu ta hanyar nika canza launin vitreous faranti.

Wetted da ruwa da kuma juya a cikin wani m malleable taro, da abun da ke ciki ne amfani da salula sanya a farfajiya na labarin. A mataki na gaba da aka ƙõnuwa. Yana yana da za'ayi ko dai a wani gini ko musamman gas ko wani fetur kuka. A karkashin mataki na high zafin jiki (daga 700 zuwa 900 ° C) da vitreous taro taurare da kuma daukan wani musamman bayyanar.

Aiki tare da enamel

Dangane da abun da ke ciki na murƙushe vitreous taro, zazzabi da tsawon harbe-harben, sakamakon enamel iya samun sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na nuna gaskiya, ko zama gaba daya opaque - kurãme. Wannan yana buɗewa da master m capabilities kamar yadda ba ka damar cimma wata iri-iri na effects.

Bakan dabaru amfani a cikin aikin, irin wannan, sosai arziki, kuma daya daga cikinsu shi ne cloisonné. Kayan ado da aka yi da ta yi amfani, ba su yadu samuwa da kuma suna dauke Elite. Dalilin ta'allaka a haduwar su yi da kuma rashin yiwuwar mechanization na samar da tsari. Kowane abu ne na musamman da aiki na marubucin. Idan muka ma la'akari da cewa amfani da daraja karafa, ya bayyana su high farashin da kuma low kasancewa.

Kamar yadda aka halitta cloisonné

A farko misali a zinariya, da azurfa, ko nickel azurfa (kasa da jan ko karfe) surface, wanda shi ne tushen da abun da ke ciki, kwarzana, da kuma wani lokacin shi ake yanka ta hanyar madauki gaba hoto. Sa'an nan da gefuna an soldered karfe partitions wanda kauri da wuya ya wuce daya millimeter. Wadannan ganuwar, wanda ya ba da sunan bayyana irin enamel art nau'i biyu rufaffiyar da kuma bude Kwayoyin, wanda suna cike da karin ruwa da kuma danko sosai launin taro.

Da zarar a harbe-harben tsari, da enamel solidifies, samar da nika da polishing kayayyakin. Wannan ne yake aikata haka da cewa surface na enamel ganuwar, kuma Ya halitta guda jirgin sama. M cloisonné da yawa wuya ta gaskiya cewa harbe-harben abu Layer shrinks da kuma zama m partitions. A sakamakon haka, da Kwayoyin dole recharge da kuma sake gasa da samfurin. Dangane da wani yawan fasaha dalilai da m zane na marubucin, da harbe-harben iya maimaita daga biyar zuwa daya sau ɗari.

Musamman kayayyakin da mabukaci kaya

Ya kamata a lura cewa rashin iyawa to da tasiri bisa matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin enamel a high yanayin zafi, Yanã shigar da asali da kuma bambancinsa da kowane samfurin. Sau biyu a cimma wannan sakamako ne kusan yiwu ba, don haka kowane samfurin sanya a cikin wannan dabara ne na musamman.

Cloisonné enamel ba kawai fasaha a cikin zane-zane da kuma sana'o'i. Tare da shi ne yadu amfani da ake kira gefen gangara. By wani shãmaki, shi ya bambanta a cewa vitreous abun da ke ciki ba cika Kwayoyin kafa soldered partitions da musamman sanya tududa, da siffar da yayi daidai da Lines daga cikin zane. A zamani masana'antu kayan ado domin wannan dalili yawanci amfani ko niƙe guraben da kalmomin sanya da simintin. A wannan masana'antu a yi na mabukaci kaya amfani da kwaikwayo cloisonné.

A sakamakon akwai gilashi windows

Cloisonné yana da wani irin. Shi ne ake kira akwai gilashi taga ko enamel. Wannan dabara ne halin da cewa shi ba ya yi amfani da karfe tushe. Sunan ta samu saboda gaskiyar cewa kayayyakin da ake yi dangane da shi kama akwai gilashi windows nufi. Su ne gaba daya m, da kuma hasken iya shiga ta hanyar da vitreous taro, Yãna halitta da mafarki na launi akwai gilashi, a kewaye a cikin karfe.

Products sanya ta wannan dabara, musamman kyau. The karfe frame cika enamel kama wani m yadin da aka saka sanya na zinariya, da azurfa, ko da tagulla. Yana da aka yi da yankan fita ko Dutsen da m soldering daga sassa sanya na musamman Twisted ta waya. Masu launin enamel, ciko gibba tsakanin partitions, halitta wani indescribable play haske.

Hadisai na Sin enamel

A cikin tarihi na zane-zane da kuma crafts na kasar Sin bautar wani wuri na musamman enamel. Cloisonné, kira klauzane, aka ba ƙirƙira ta Sin kansu, kuma suka je musu daga Faransa, amma ya irin na ci gaba, saboda da gida da na kasa hadisai. Daga asalin tushen da aka yafi gaji da sunan, samu daga Faransa kalma warped Cloison - "bangare." Kafin ziyartar kasar Sin da irin wannan enamel dabaru amfani da can ta Shearer zaɓi.

A Palace Museum a Beijing a wata fadi da dama nuna ayyukan zane-zane da kuma crafts, tsakanin wanda Highlights da Sin enamel. Cloisonné wakilta yafi kayayyakin XV karni lokaci Syuande da Tszintao. Yana da daidaituwa ba, tun da lokaci na daular Ming, wadda take ta ambata shugabanni, dauke da wani lokaci daga cikin mafi girma flourishing na zane-zane. A kan tushen da kansa fasaha, kazalika da aro a Turai, kasar Sin Masters tare da m tunanin je kallon wasan tebur da bene vases, kofuna, alewa kuma da dama fitilu.

Labari enamel daga Georgia

Special daraja daga haraji da art masoya ma jin dadin da Jojiyanci cloisonné enamel. Ta farko a san misalai kasance a cikin IX karni, haka ma, suka yi tare da wannan fasahar da aka yi amfani a yau. Jojiyanci Art, wanda siffofi da wani dandano na musamman da kuma inexhaustible makamashi, aiwatuwa da yawa Turai da kuma Oriental hadisai. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ne don haka organically shiga cloisonné enamel m wanda ya zo da wadannan sassa na yammacin Turai. Ga shi an ba kawai ƙware, amma an kara raya, godiya ga wanda akwai da yawa Masterpieces na Jojiyanci kasa makarantu.

Enamel a sau da kuma a yau

An sani cewa master cloisonné da ƙarni aka yi amfani da su samu da ake so abun da ke ciki na daban-daban aka gyara fiye da su na zamani maye. A daya daga cikin tsofaffin girke-girke ya bayyana cewa, domin shiri na enamels bukatar wani sashi na m ma'adini yashi, wani sashi na boric acid da kuma sassa biyu na ja-gora. Don goya ake so launi abun da ke ciki ta amfani da daban-daban pigments a cikin nau'i na cadmium oxide, cobalt ko jan karfe.

A XX karni enamel dabara ya riga ya tafi nisa da ta gargajiya amfani da kuma zane-zane da kuma crafts, shi ya fara da za a yi amfani da duk inda ka ke so ka ƙirƙiri wani m da chemically resistant surface. Akwai fasaha enamel. Haka kuma, da canji da kuma shirye-shiryen da fasaha.

Cloisonné: Jagora Class

A karshen labarin da muka gabatar da wani cikakken lissafi na yadda za a tsirar bangarori a cikin dabara na septal enamel. Wannan musamman bita zai ba da damar kowa da kowa wanda yake so ya yi kokarin su hannunka a cikin halittar ayyukan zane-zane da kuma sana'o'i.

Da farko, akwai buƙatar ka kai a dace size da kuma kauri daga cikin jan farantin, kuma anneal shi, har ja launi, sa'an nan kuma sanyi ruwa. Wannan zai ba da taushi abu da kuma zai hana nakasawa kan kara da harbe-harben da enamel kanta. Bayan wannan, farantin an goge da hankali tsabtace tare da sandpaper. Ya kamata ba kai a daidai m surface, tun da haske zai taimaka wa mafi surface roughness na karfe fili da enamel.

By ake ji wani abin kwaikwaya shigar baffles

A mataki na gaba - da ake ji da juna farantin. Wannan na iya zama ko dai mai zaman kansa abun da ke ciki, da kuma canjawa wuri daga littafin amfani burbushi takarda da kwafa takarda. Don bayyananne image ya kan, farantin za a iya pre-mai rufi fari gouache. Lokacin da zane da aka nuna, ya kamata a incised da karfe scriber amfani da aikin famfo jobs. Bayan wannan, farantin ne sosai wanke da kuma sake calcined a cikin wuta.

Nagari Manufacturing partitions jan waya tare da diamita na game 0.8 millimeter. Ta baya wuce ta hanyar niƙa ko kawai mĩƙe tare da guduma. A sakamakon tsiri ne gam ga wani farantin baki, daidai maimaita juna line. Domin wannan aiki, yawanci an giya manne BF-6.

Da ake ji enamel da kuma harbe-harben

Domin yi na enamel panel za a yi amfani a cikin nau'i na foda taro. A sayarwa ne ta bambancin da Bugu da kari na zinariya ko azurfa barbashi, wanda ya ba da samfurin mafi tsada da kuma nagartaccen look. A foda ne diluted da ruwa da kuma sakamakonsa na taro cika gibba tsakanin baffles. A saboda wannan dalili shi ne dace don amfani mai trowel da goga. Yana da muhimmanci cewa Layer na enamel ne a ko'ina aza lebur tsawo partitions.

A na gaba mataki zai bukaci a bushewa tanda. A samfurin shi ya bushe a zazzabi na 60 ° C zuwa har da cakuda enamel gaba daya ƙafe ruwa. Bayan kammala wannan tsari a kan wani goyan baya farantin zafi kãfira karfe sanya a cikin wani muffle makera da kuma samar da harbe-harben. Idan yana yiwuwa ga tsara da yawan zafin jiki a cikin tanderu, yana da kyawawa don kawo shi zuwa 850 ° C, idan ba haka ba, da dumama kamata ci gaba har sai da samfurin har da surface ne m.

A karshe mataki na aiki

Bayan gaskatãwa cewa harbe-harben da aka kammala, farantin cire daga makera ta hanyar dogon forceps, da kuma aza a kan karfe surface, aka matse lebur kuma m saman kaya, wanda nauyi ya kamata a kalla goma kilo. Kamar yadda irin wannan, da samfurin cools. Sa'an nan load an cire allura fayiloli trimming kayan magudi da kuma descaling.

Cloisonné enamel - ba mai sauki dabara, kuma karo na farko da m ingancin wani samfurin iya zama unsatisfactory. A wannan yanayin, za ka iya ƙara bukata adadin enamel Kwayoyin kuma maimaita harbe-harben ba, amma wannan ya zama wani fiye da sau huɗu, tun da irin wannan enamel da aka bleached tare da wani ya fi girma lambar.