Cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi ga kwamfuta: irin da connection

Igiyoyi amfani domin ginin kayayyakin more rayuwa na kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa, suna samuwa a cikin wata fadi da kewayon iri. Daga cikin mafi m - coax, juya biyu da kuma na gani fiber. Mene ne ƙayyadaddu kowane daga cikinsu? Mene ne fasali na fi na kowa kafuwa - Twisted biyu?

Cable iri: coaxial

Daga cikin mafi tarihi farkon iri igiyoyi a yi amfani da hanyar sadarwa sadarwa - coaxial. Kauri shi wajen yayi dace da ikon USB wadata ga kwamfuta, tsara aiki tare da soket 220 V.

A tsarin da coaxial tsari ne kamar haka: a tsakiyar - wani ƙarfe shugaba wajaba a shi m, sau da yawa roba rufi. A saman da shi - a amarya na jan karfe, ko aluminum. M Layer - insulating jacket.

A fili na irin wannan LAN na USB za a iya Madĩna da:

- BNC-connector.

- BNC-terminator.

- BNC-T-haši.

- BNC-connector Burrell.

La'akari da su takamaiman bayani.

BNC-connector ya shafi sakawa a waya ƙare amfani ga dangane da Burrell-T- haɗawar. BNC-terminator amfani da wani insulating shãmaki zuwa da motsi na da sigina na USB. Daidai aiki na cibiyar sadarwa ba tare da wannan kashi, a wasu lokuta ba zai yiwu ba. Haxawa ta hanyar da cibiyar sadarwa na USB coaxial irin shafi yin amfani da biyu terminators, daya daga wanda ke bukatar grounding. BNC-T-connector ke tsunduma a haɗa shi da PC zuwa babban hanya. A da tsarin, akwai uku ramummuka. A farko connector an haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa katin kwamfuta via biyu sauran iyakar da connection ne daban-daban kashin. Wani irin connector for coaxial na USB - BNC-ganga. Ana amfani da a haɗa shi da sassa daban daban na line, ko ƙara da radius daga cikin kwamfuta na cibiyar sadarwa.

Daga cikin amfani fasali na coaxial Tsarin - babu matsaloli tare da bayani na tambaya na yadda za ka yi haɗi biyu cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi na da irin wannan. Isa ya tabbatar da m lamba na shugaba wayoyi, ba shakka, batun da ke dubawa da fasaha na warewa da kuma allo Grid. Duk da haka, da coaxial na USB ne quite m zuwa electromagnetic tsangwama. Saboda haka, a cikin yi na gina kwamfuta networks, shi ne a yanzu amfani da infrequently. Duk da haka, shi ne ba makawa a sharuddan kungiya na kayayyakin more rayuwa ga riwayar talabijin sakonni - daga trays ko na USB azurtawa.

Twisted biyu

Mai yiwuwa na kowa a yau ga kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi ake kira "Twisted biyu". Me ya sa wannan sunan? Gaskiyar cewa na USB tsarin irin wannan gabatar da pairwise conductors. Suna sanya tagulla. Standard na USB irin karkashin shawara qunshi 8 tsakiya (na, game da shi, nau'i-nau'i 4), amma akwai samfurori da hudu conductors. A ake kira cibiyar sadarwa na USB pinouts na da irin wannan (da hulda da kowane tufka da musamman aiki) ya shafi yin amfani da kadaici da wani takamaiman launi zuwa kowane shugaba.

External rufi na Twisted biyu sanya daga PVC, wadda tabbatar da isasshen tsare conductive abubuwa daga electromagnetic tsangwama. Da kare igiyoyi na da irin wannan - FTP kuma STP. A cikin tsohon aikin da ya dace aiki da tsare sanya a kan zauna duk, a karo na biyu - a kan kowane daga cikin conductors. Akwai canji na unshielded Twisted biyu - UTP. Matsayin mai mulkin, mafi tsada igiyoyi tare da tsare. Amma da suka kamata a yi amfani kawai idan akwai bukatar for high quality watsa bayanai a gwada manyan nesa. Home sadarwar zaɓi ne da dace unshielded Twisted biyu.

Da dama jinsin azuzuwan m irin Tsarin, kowane daga cikinsu ake cewa CAT da lamba daga 1 zuwa 7. A mafi girma da m adadi, da mafi kayan samar da siginar watsa. Modern cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi zuwa kwamfutarka zuwa musanya data via Ethernet gida networks bayar da shawarar daidai da abubuwa CAT5 aji. A mahadi inda kunna Twisted biyu haši suna amfani, wanda za a daidai classified a matsayin 8P8C, amma akwai kuma wani unofficial sunan su - RJ-45. Yana iya lura cewa igiyoyi m to a kalla sa CAT5 da CAT6, za a iya aika da data at gudu kusa da iyakar for irin wannan constructions - har zuwa 1 Gbit / s.

Tantancewar fiber

Zai yiwu mafi zamani da kuma sauri kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi - Fiber. A cikin tsarin, ba haske jagora abubuwa na gilashi cewa ana kiyaye shi ta wani m roba rufi. Daga cikin key amfanin da data cibiyar sadarwa igiyoyi to your kwamfuta - high rigakafi tsangwama. Har ila yau, ta hanyar da fiber iya canja wurin bayanai a nesa na game da 100 km. A fili na irin wannan da na USB na'urorin za a iya yi da daban-daban na haɗawar. Daga cikin mafi kowa - SC, FC, F-3000.

Ta yaya wannan hi-tech cibiyar sadarwa na USB zuwa kwamfuta? Photo fiber na gani zayyanawa kasa.

A tsanani na m aikace-aikace na fiber aka iyakance ta gwada babban kudin kayan aiki dole domin watsa bayanai therethrough. Kwanan nan, duk da haka, da yawa Rasha azurtawa ne rayayye ta yin amfani da cibiyar sadarwa na USB zuwa Intanit. Yadda za a sami IT-masana, tare da fata cewa Game da zuba jari za su biya kashe a nan gaba.

Juyin Halitta na USB kayayyakin more rayuwa

A cikin uku da aka ambata iri igiyoyi za mu iya gano wani juyin halitta a cikin bangare na ginin kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa. Saboda haka, da farko lokacin da yada bayanai via wani misali Ethernet coaxial tsari ne da hannu. A wannan iyaka da nesa da cewa za a iya aika zuwa wata sigina daga daya na'urar zuwa wani, bai wuce mita 500. Matsakaicin data kudi ga wani coaxial na USB da aka kewaye da 10 Mbit / sec. Amfani da Twisted biyu, ƙwarai inganta muhimmancin fayil-sharing kwamfuta networks - har zuwa 1 Gbit / s. Haka ma, wani damar aika da data a full-Duplex yanayin (daya na'urar iya duka biyu sama sakonni da kuma aika su). Da zuwan fiber na gani IT-masana'antu samu damar canja wurin fayiloli a gudun 30-40 Gb / s ko fiye. Sun fi mayar da godiya ga wannan fasahar, kwamfuta networks nasarar gama kasashe da nahiyoyi.

Hakika, da yawa wasu iri igiyoyi amfani da shigarwa na kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa suna amfani da lokacin da yin aiki tare da wani PC. A ka'idar, domin irin wannan dalilai za a iya amfani da, misali, USB-USB, ko da yake shi ba zai zama sosai tasiri, musamman a cikin ra'ayi na gaskiya cewa a cikin kebul na misali data za a iya daukar kwayar cutar a takaice nisa - game da 20 mita.

How to connect da Twisted biyu

Twisted biyu, kamar yadda muka gani a sama - shi ne a yau mafi tartsatsi a cikin shiri na kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa na USB irin. Duk da haka, ta m aikace-aikace ne halin da wasu daga cikin nuances. A musamman, da suka gani da al'amari na cibiyar sadarwa na USB pinout, wanda muka ce a sama. Yana da muhimmanci a san yadda za a gano wuri jijiyoyinmu a yankin na lamba tare da RJ-45 haši. A hanya ta da Twisted biyu haɗu da daidai kashi, kira crimp, tun a lokacin da aiwatar da ake amfani musamman kayan aiki, a shafe da karfi a kan tsarin.

nuances crimping

A lokacin wannan hanya, masu haɗin suna tam gyarawa a iyakar da Twisted biyu. Adadin lambobi a cikin su dace da adadin rai - a lokuta biyu, wadannan abubuwa 8 guda. Akwai da dama makircinsu karkashin wanda za a iya crimp Twisted biyu.

Next, mun yi la'akari da daidai bayani dalla-dalla. Amma da farko, mutumin dauke da fitar da aikin da na USB, akwai buƙatar ka kai da dama haši a hannunka. Su ya kamata a gudanar da haka cewa kabar ƙarfen haɗi suna sanya a saman.

Roba sakata ya kamata a mika wa mutum wanda daukawa fitar crimping. Hagu a cikin wannan hali zai zama 1st lamba a dama - 8th. Lambobin - musamman da muhimmanci nuance da Twisted biyu. Saboda haka abin da crimping makircinsu aka yi amfani da cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa?

Da fari dai, akwai wata cibiyar sadarwa na USB makirci, Kwafa da EIA / Tia-568A. Ya unshi da wuri daga cikin jijiyoyinmu correlative tare da karfe connector lambobi a cikin wadannan tsari:

- ga lamba 1: fari-kore.

- ga 2nd: kore.

- na uku: fari, da orange;

- 4 th: blue.

- 5 ga watan: fari da kuma shudi.

- 6 th: orange;

- domin 7th: fari da kuma ruwan kasa.

- 8 th: ruwan kasa.

Akwai wani makirci - EIA / Tia-568B. Ya unshi da wuri daga cikin jijiyoyinmu a cikin wadannan tsari:

- ga lamba 1: fari-orange;

- ga 2nd: orange;

- na uku: fari-kore.

- 4 th: blue.

- 5 ga watan: fari da kuma shudi.

- 6 th: kore.

- domin 7th: fari da kuma ruwan kasa.

- 8 th: ruwan kasa.

How to connect da ikon USB zuwa connector, yanzu ku sani. Amma shi da amfani, don su bincika ƙayyadaddu game da daban-daban na makirci na dangane da Twisted biyu da daban-daban na'urorin.

Crimp dangane da irin da

Alal misali, lokacin da a haɗa a PC zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko canji dole ne a yi amfani da kai tsaye dangane Hanyar. Idan akwai bukatar a tsara musayar fayiloli tsakanin biyu kwakwalwa ba tare da yin amfani da wata na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, za ka iya amfani da gicciye-connection Hanyar. Bambanci tsakanin alama kananan makirci. A kai tsaye Hanyar sadarwa na USB dole ne crimped a wannan PIN aiki. A daya karshen gicciye - 568A ga makirci, da sauran - a kan 568B.

A high-tech tattalin arzikin

Twisted biyu ne halin mai ban sha'awa alama. Lokacin da babu kai tsaye kewaye 4 nau'i-nau'i daga conductors za a iya amfani da a haɗa na'ura, da kuma 2. Wancan ne, ta amfani guda na USB halatta a gama da wani cibiyar sadarwa kwamfuta 2 a lokaci guda. Ta haka ne yake zai yiwu a ajiye a kan USB ko yi dangane idan da gaske yana bukatar a yi, da kuma m karin mita Twisted biyu ne ba. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan yanayin da iyaka gudun data musayar ne ba 1 Gbit / sec, da kuma sau 10 kasa. Amma kungiyar na cibiyar sadarwa na gida ne m, a mafi yawan yanayi.

A wannan yanayin raba jijiyoyinmu? Correlative tare da lambobin sadarwa a haši don a haɗa da farko kwamfuta :

- 1 lamba: fari da kuma orange jannayẽnsa.

- 2nd: orange;

- 3rd: fari-kore.

- 6: kore.

Wannan shi ne, 4, 5, 7 da 8 wayoyi ba a yi amfani da wannan makirci. Bi da bi, kan masu haɗin to connect wani biyu kwamfuta:

- 1 lamba: fari da kuma ruwan kasa jannayẽnsa.

- 2nd: ruwan kasa;

- 3rd: fari da kuma shudi.

- 6: blue.

Yana iya lura da cewa, aiwatar da giciye-Haša kewaye da yaushe amfani da duk 8 conductors a Twisted biyu. Har ila yau, idan mai amfani bukatar ya yi canja wurin bayanai tsakanin na'urorin a kan gudun 1 Gbit / sec, pinout da za a Kanmu ta musamman makirci. La'akari da fasali.

Cross Connect gigabit

A farko ƙarshen USB da za a crimped daidai da kewaye 568B. Na biyu ya shafi wadannan kwatanta tsakiya da kuma lambobin sadarwa a connector:

- 1 lamba: fari da kuma kore rai,

- 2nd: kore.

- 3rd: fari da kuma orange.

- 4th: fari da kuma ruwan kasa.

- 5th: ruwan kasa;

- 6: orange;

- 7th: blue.

- 8th: fari da kuma shudi.

A makirci ne quite kama da 568A, amma shi canza matsayin da blue da launin ruwan kasa waya nau'i-nau'i.

Yarda da dokokin launi alama hulda rayu da lambobin sadarwa a 8P8C connector - mafi muhimmanci factor a tabbatar da ayyuka na cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa. Man zayyanawa shi wajibi ne don yi hankali lokacin da installing Game da abubuwa. Sai ya faru da cewa kwamfuta ba ya ganin cibiyar sadarwa na USB - shi ne sau da yawa hade kawai da ba daidai ba crimp Twisted biyu.

Yadda crimp wani na USB

Ka yi la'akari da wasu daga cikin fasaha bayani. Main na'urar, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin ne da hannu, - Crimper. Yana da kama da ticks, amma an maida shi musamman domin yin amfani da kwamfuta igiyoyi na dace da irin.

Crimper zane presupposes musamman ruwan wukake yi nufi ga yankan tsarin. Crimper wani lokacin sanye take da karamin na'urar for yanã fizge tufarsu rufi juya biyu. A tsakiyar ɓangare na kayan aiki - musamman Ramin saba da kauri daga cikin na USB tsarin.

Mafi kyau duka algorithm ga mutum mataki, ƙunci Twisted biyu na iya zama kamar haka.

• Da farko, wajibi ne don yanke da sashe na USB daga wani m tsawon - da ake bukata, haka ta daidai ma'aunai.
• Bayan nan, cire m rufi - game da 3 cm sashe a USB karshen. Babban abu da wannan - ba da gangan lalata waya tsakiya.
• Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar sanya wayoyi da correlative dangane zane-zane tattauna a sama zuwa haši. Bayan kaifi yanke-kashe, don haka da cewa tsawon kowane daga cikinsu ya game 12 mm bayan da matsanancin Layer na rufi.
• Next kana bukatar ka saka da connector a kan na USB don haka da cewa wayoyi sun kasance a cikin tsari da yayi dace da wayoyi zane, kuma kowane daga cikinsu ya zo cikin so tashar. Ya kamata matsawa da zuciyar har sai da juriya da aka ji roba bango toshe.
• Bayan da ya dace wuri a cikin connector rayu PVC daina kai hare hare dole ne a located ciki da connector gidaje. Idan ka yi haka ba ya aiki, za ka iya bukatar a cire strands da kuma dan kadan rage su.

Da zarar duk shiri abubuwa suna daidai armashi, yana yiwuwa ya crimp da na USB, sa da connector cikin wani musamman soket a kan Crimper kuma a hankali turawa a kan rike da kayan aiki don dakatar.