Berry bushes: tsarin, fasali na namo, dasa da kuma kula

Ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin duniya ba tare da Berry bushes - ba wai kawai a kewayen birni yankunan, inda hade da ado da kuma amfani, amma kuma a kan titunan birnin, ya kewaye ta suna fadin amma ba kasa lovely Fluffy al'adu. Mun gani abin da irin shuka - a Berry bushes.

tsarin fasali

All shrubs halin da rashi na ganga. Maimakon haka, shi nan da nan daga cikin tushen tsarin kara har zuwa wani dozin rassan, da samar da wani hive kanta. Su ne babban rassan. Daji da aka hada da rassan shekaru daban-daban da kuma sabon harbe tasowa koda a kasa ko a lokacin rassan. Amfanin ƙasa amfanin gona, irin 'ya'yan da kuma vegetative rassan. The m siffar da kambi halayyar mafi shrubs. The kawai ware ne lianopodobnye jinsunan da aka saka a mota kambi da ornamental shuke-shuke, wanda ba siffar kere pruning.

Tushen tsarin yawanci kunshi 'yan asali, amma matsakaici-sized tushen, aka sanya a zurfin babu fiye da daya da rabi mita. Su sauri saya da wani jam'i na tsotsa Tushen, horizontally shirya surface da kuma rufe wani m samar yankin. Hankula ne Berry bushes, waɗanda sunayensu da muka sani daga yara. Wannan ne ya fi kowa lambu berries a Rasha - currant, guzberi, honeysuckle, rasberi, wasu irin ceri da sauransu.

key Features

Daban-daban iri iri na Berry bushes, amma abu daya a cikin kowa - da girbi ripens da yawa a baya, fiye da na dutse, da pome ya'yan itace amfanin gona. Da ake samu Berry ne sosai high da ta dace aikace-aikace na agro-fasaha matakan. A haifuwa ta hanyar vegetative nufin sa shi yiwuwa a sami wani wuri da 'ya'yan itace: for 2-3 shekara bayan dasa.

Berries ne mai arziki a cikin daban-daban bioactive mahadi, bitamin, Organic acid, pectins, sugars. A mafi tartsatsi a cikin kasar samu Berry bushes, photos, da kuma wanda sunaye aka gabatar a cikin labarin - currants, gooseberries, raspberries, chokeberry, honeysuckle, da dai sauransu All berries ne dadi da lafiya, amma da yawa daga cikin general halaye na kowane irin amfanin gona na bukatar wani mutum tsarin kula ..

Pruning Berry bushes

Autumn - lokaci mafi kyau ga pruning. A cikin spring saboda da vagaries na m weather, ba za ka iya sarrafa ko cũta: berries farkon fara girma. A wannan lokaci za ka iya yin gyara amfanin gona, sai su yi magana, to rike haske kyakkyawa jiyya. Berry bushes sukan ba hõre trimming. Wasu mutane sun yi imani da cewa yankan bushes ba bukatar. A akasin wannan, shrub pruning bukatar da yawa fiye da itatuwa. Ba tare da samuwar m yiwuwa a samu mai kyau fruiting shrub. Gelled - babban maƙiyi daga cikin daji. A rashin haske kai tsaye shafi amfanin ƙasa. A rassan za su fara mutuwa kashe prematurely, da kuma game da kwari da cututtuka, kuma ba mu zamo magana - in m thickets domin su a aljanna a duniya. Ga yabanya da tsatsa da kuma powdery fumfuna, m girma sesiidae. A wasu kalmomin, ba tare da kafa daji ne ba makawa. Furfure 'ya'yan itace da Berry bushes ne mai karye, da yawa wuya su bi da su. Hakika, a lokacin da yankan kamata la'akari da halaye na kowane irin Berry, kuma za mu magana game da su daga baya.

A 'yan kalmomi game da zama dole kayayyakin aiki, don pruning. Gardening ƙusa fayil da clippers ya kamata a wasa da kuma zama cikin koshin lafiya. Ba lallai ba ne don maye gurbin da na al'ada sawing lambu hacksaw. Aiki da shi m da wuya, sau da yawa lalace makwabta cewa ba su bukatar pruning rassan. The yanka ya zama santsi da kuma tsabta. Lokacin da yadda ya kamata pruned, za su zama ƙasa da kamuwa da sauri overgrown.

saukowa

A mafi muhimmanci mataki na gyara shimfidar wuri lambu mãkirci ne shuka Berry bushes. Ya kamata a da za'ayi a wuri mai faɗi zane, haka wajibi ne a yi la'akari da fifiko na kowane jinsi. Seedlings ya zama dadi da kuma dace, saboda bushes ana shuka na dogon lokaci. Daidai da muhimmanci ne zabi na wuri, da fasaha na namo da kuma kula da saukowa al'adu. Dasa ne da za'ayi a cikin sharuddan dangane da irin amfanin gona, lokaci na shekara, da yanayin damina, da physiological jihar na daji.

Tabbata ga la'akari da nisa tsakanin dasa shrubs. Yawanci domin dasa ko transplanting fara a karshen watan Satumba (da ƙarshen Oktoba), amma mafi m lokaci ne a spring. High bukatun ake yi a kan ingancin na kasar gona (acidity, da takin gargajiya, gaban taki da kuma danshi matakin). Don ƙirƙirar yanayi na nasara girma na bushes inda suke hõre a ci gaba da saukowa daga zurfin sha'anin shũka da gabatarwar barbarar. Sa'an nan, ga kowane mutum daji haƙa dasa rami, da zurfin ya kamata a kalla rabin mita.

shrub Care

Kula Berry bushes ne mai sa na ayyuka, wanda ya hada da pruning, barbarar, watering da kuma kariya daga kwari. Its high quality-aiwatar zai samar da wani babban yawan amfanin ƙasa. Raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries - yana da 'ya'yan itace da Berry bushes. Bayan duba general al'amurran da dasa 'ya'yan bushes da kuma kula da su, za mu juya ga takamaiman fasali na wadannan shuke-shuke.

Currant - Berry bushes

Black currant - a fi so daga cikin Rasha lambu. Amfani Berry haske-bukata, ko da yake wani kadan shading sa mai kyau. Ya fi son tati tsaka tsaki, ko kuma a low matakin na acidity (6-6.5), ba batun ambaliya ta ruwan karkashin kasa. Currant - danshi-m al'adu da wuya yau da kullum watering. A bushe bazara shi ya kamata a shayar kowane makonni uku. Karbe ta cuttings ko Berry-kwance yadudduka. A mafi fĩfĩta lokaci domin dasa - Autumn, amma da kyau kafe kuma currants dasa a farkon spring.

Dasa rami da aka shirya, a hankali digging sama da ƙasa kuma ƙara humus. Bã su da wani 1.5-2 mita baya. Seedlings kara bunkasa zuwa 10 cm, da kuma shirya su à rage zuwa 2-3 buds. Da ake bukata a kowace shekara barbarar nitrogen da takin gargajiya da kuma rike dace acidity dolomite gari ko ash. Proper pruning taimaka wajen rage hadarin cutar. Bush ya kamata kunshi shekaru daban-daban na 15-20 rassan. Pruning currants samar a cikin spring ko a watan Oktoba (bayan leaf fall). Bushes thinned sabon drooping reshe bazara 5-6 rassan rauni (kasa da 15 cm) domin samun cikakken ko karfi a kaikaice sashe.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Cututtuka na Berry bushes ba yunkurin ajiye currant: shi ne mai saukin kamuwa zuwa anthracnose, fumfuna, currant toho mite. Kauce wa harin da kwari ko cututtuka, wanda sukan fallasa su wadannan al'adu, zai taimaka a spring magani. Currants, misali, shi ne amfani shawa, daga ruwan zãfi. Kawai tafasasshen ruwa da aka zuba a cikin wani karfe watering Can kuma shayar daji daga sama zuwa kasa. Berries za a iya sarrafa ta spraying Bordeaux cakuda. Wannan ya kamata a yi a farkon spring kafin amfanin gona girma.

rasberi

Great, ku ɗanɗani berries, su high magani Properties, kazalika da ado rasberi bushes ana daraja ta da yawa lambu. Yana da wuya su yi tunanin wata kasa site, wanda ba zai yi je kallon wasan a Berry bushes. Dangane da iri-iri rasberi bushes tsawo iya isa mita biyu. Domin amfanin gona mai kyau shuka recoil raspberries bukatar layuka, da rabin mita jinkiri tsakanin bushes, da rijiyoyin mai zurfin 0.3 m. A lokaci mafi kyau a gare ta fall dasa ne, kamar yadda da farko spring kwana rasberi fara rayayye girma. Lokacin da dasa shuki da Tushen ya kamata a sanya a kwance ƙasa surface. Compacted ƙasa ba lallai ba ne.

Rasberi unpretentious, kula da shi ne wajibi pruning. Yana ba ka damar muhimmanci ƙara yawan mai tushe, sabili da haka, da amfanin gona. Lokacin da spring pruning wani daji barin 7-9 karfi harbe. Bayan girbi, cire biyu-shekara mai tushe, kula kada su bar cikin kututture. Su overwinter da kyau kwari, da kuma shi ne mai muhimmanci ba to ba su da cewa damar. Rasberi, da yawa Berry itatuwa da kuma shrubs, ruwa-auna da kuma na cikin bukatar matsakaici amma ba ya wuce kima watering. A mafi kyau miya domin shi ne humus.

kula guzberi

Guzberi - a takaice (ba fiye da mita ba ga tsawo) na Berry bushes, rassan an rufe tare da prickly spines. Fruit - zagaye ko m berries ne kore, ja, ko kuma rawaya. Guzberi fari-resistant, bã Ya son wuce kima danshi, watering ya zama m da hanzari.

Proper pruning guzberi yana da muhimmanci musamman. Shi ne da key ga mai karimci girbi. Kowace shekara, zaɓi uku zuwa biyar karfi matasa harbe, yankan daga duk
da sauran at tushen. Cire xauke da cuta, drooping rassan da harbe fito daga tushen sa kamar yadda zai yiwu a lokacin da girma kakar. A kowace shekara, kana bukatar ka cika up sabon daji rassan. Su total number a cikin daji ya kamata ba ƙetare 10-15. Dace aiki na spring shrubs zai taimaka wajen kauce wa bayyanar aphids da sauran kwari. guzberi daji da kyau kula iya da 'ya'ya har zuwa shekaru 25.

honeysuckle edible

Wannan shrub mafi soyayya haske na horticultural amfanin gona. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa honeysuckle musamman mugun bukatar pruning. Bugu da kari, shi ne iya thicken, idan trimming ba za'ayi kawai 2-3 shekaru. Honeysuckle - quite babban shrub, kai 2 m ba ga tsawo, da m ƙwayoyi ɓawon burodi. Berries - duhu purple tare da wani glaucous, oblong-dimbin yawa. A dandano na 'ya'yan itace - daga zaki da kuma m-dadi to m tare da furta haushi - ya dogara a kan iri-iri.

Honeysuckle yana bukatar lokaci-lokaci matsakaici watering, musamman a cikin fruiting. Ya fi son tsaka tsaki ƙasa m, kuma m ciyar: kowane 2-3 shekaru bushes kaka hadu 10 kg takin, 80 g superphosphate da 200 g na ash. Kowane spring honeysuckle ciyar da urea - 10 g da 1 m². Wannan hunturu Hardy Berry bushes farkon shekaru na samun nauyi. Bayan wannan lokaci, moldable pruning ne da za'ayi a shekara.

Berry bushes, photo, kuma taƙaitaccen bayani daga wanda aka gabatar a wani labarin rarraba cikin Rasha. Wannan fi so horticultural amfanin gona a kowace shekara faranta truckers girbi mai kyau na m berries amfani.