Babban Rasha shugabanni a shekara-shekara domin

A cikin wannan labarin, za a bincika sarakuna na Rasha a cikin tsari na lokaci-lokaci. Za mu yi ƙoƙari mu haskaka ayyukan manyan manyan sarakuna, sarakuna da sarakuna. Daga cikinsu akwai mata. Domin shekaru dubu da yawa ya canza a jihar Rasha.

Bari mu shiga cikin abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a tarihin mu.

Formation of statehood

Babban sarakunan Rasha sun taka muhimmiyar rawa ba kawai a cikin matakai na ciki ba. Yawancin su sun zama lambobi masu daraja a siyasar duniya. Misali na fita daga ƙasar zuwa duniya fagen fama shine canji a cikin sunayen sarakuna daga sarki zuwa sarki.

Novgorod shugabannin

Sa'an nan kuma za a gabatar da ku ga wasu daga cikin shugabannin Rasha. A cikin tsari na maye gurbin kursiyin, matsayi da daraja, Rurikovichs ya dauki wuri na farko. Wane ne ya kafa wannan iyali? Menene shahararren zamanin mulkin Novgorod?

Kamar yadda aka fada a cikin Tale of Bygone Years, yankunan Slavic sun kira ga shugabannin kasashen waje. Sun kasance Rurik da 'yan'uwansa. An san shi da Sarki Rerik daga Denmark.

Lokacin mulkinsa ya kasance alama ta hanyar fadada tasiri akan kabilan Novgorod, Ryazan da Murom. Ya bar magajin ga Igor, mai kula da shi ya zama Annabiic Oleg.

A karshen wannan sanannen sanannen gwagwarmaya ne akan Khazars, canja wurin babban birnin kasar zuwa Kiev da aka yi nasara da yaki da Byzantium.

Olga

Sarauniya ta farko a Rasha. Bayan mutuwar mijinta, Igor, dole ne ta dauki iko a hannunta. Wadannan marubucin sun sake tunawa da ita a matsayin "alfijir kafin alfijir". Irin wannan kwatanta, ta cancanci ta hanyar cewa na farko daga cikin shugabanci ya tuba zuwa Kristanci.

Kamar yawancin shugabannin a cikin lokaci daga tara zuwa karni na goma sha ɗaya, ba shekarar da aka haife shi ko kuma wuri ba, ko kuma irinsa ne, ba a sani ba. Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa.

Na farko ya ce ya samo asali daga 'yan Vajara, na biyu - na Pskov. Akwai wata ma'anar cewa Olga ita ce 'yar Oleg Veshchego. An san cewa an haife shi ne a ƙarshen karni na tara.

Bayan ya auri Igor, ta zauna shekaru da yawa a cikin gidaje, ba kula da gwamnati ba. Amma bayan mutuwarsa a lokacin karbar haraji daga Drevlyans, Olga ya sanya kayan domin kansa.

Da farko dai, ta rama wa masu cin zarafi, suna lalata mafi rinjaye na Drevlyane da kuma cin nasara ga wannan kabilar. Bugu da ƙari, ta fara tasowa tattalin arziki da al'adu a Rasha, kuma sun karbi Kiristanci yayin tafiya zuwa Constantinople.

Ɗanta, Svyatoslav, ya kasance arna kuma ya fara mulkin ko a lokacin rayuwar mahaifiyarsa. Wannan hali - canji na bangaskiya - 'yan wasan da masu daraja Kyivans da yawa sun dauki ra'ayi mara kyau.

Amma wannan hali bai daɗe ba. Ba da daɗewa duk abin ya canza.

Vladimir Krasno Solnyshko

Vladimir Svyatoslavich, an kuma kira shi Babban. Mene ne sananne? Mun a wannan labarin ya ambaci shugabannin sarakunan Rasha. Dates na gwamnati sun kama tsawon lokaci daga tsakiyar karni na tara zuwa ga karshe na sarki, wanda Bolshevik ya harbe. Amma Vladimir kawai ya aikata wani abu wanda ya shafi dukkan ci gaba na gaba na kasar.

Ya yi baftisma Rus a cikin 988. Wannan lamari ne wanda ya karfafa dangantakar da Byzantium da farkon farawa da Yammacin Turai da jihohin Eastern.

Tsarshi da shugabannin Rasha sunyi abubuwa masu muhimmanci a tarihin kasar. Sun fadada kuma sun hada da yankin, suka tsayayya da makiya, rikice-rikice, amma kawai wannan dan sarki a cikin mutane ana lakabi "Red Sun". Ya kasance da ƙaunarsa da fahimtar ma'aikatan kullun da ma'adinai, har ma da tasirin Rasha zuwa al'ada, cewa sunan Vladimir ya kasance a cikin ƙarni.

Bugu da ƙari, an zaɓa shi a cikin tsarkaka.

Yaroslav Mai hikima

Ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin tarihin kasarmu shi ne Yaroslav Vladimirovich, ɗan Vladimir mai girma, wanda yayi masa baftisma Rus. Ya san mahimmancin zumuncin da ya yi wa mutane "duhu", kuma ta hanyar auren 'ya'yansa ya kafa dangantakar abokantaka da zumunci tsakanin kasashen Turai.

Menene aka sani game da wannan babban mutum a yau?

Har yanzu akwai rigingimu game da ainihin haihuwar Yaroslav. Idan muka hada bayanai daga tarihin da yawa, to zamu iya cewa da tabbaci cewa an haife shi tsakanin 983 da 986 shekaru.

Ya fara mulki tare da Rostov, inda aka "dasa shi a kan teburin," mahaifinsa. Sa'an nan kuma abubuwan da suka faru kamar yadda shugabannin Rasha suka yi. A cikin tsari na lokaci-lokaci, 'ya'yan Vladimir, daga dattawa zuwa ƙarami, an yi sarauta. Saboda haka, mataki na gaba (bayan rasuwar Yarima Vysheslav na Novgorod, ɗan'uwansa tsohuwar) shi ne sake dawo da Yaroslav zuwa Novgorod.

Wadannan lokutan biyu suna da kyau sosai. Mafi yawan sha'awa ne abubuwan da suka faru bayan ya tayar da mahaifinsa, dan Kiev. Vladimir ya mutu, kuma ba tare da kawar da mutiny ba. Bayan mutuwarsa, gwagwarmayar babban birnin Kiev ta fara.

Sullatopolk ya goyan bayan kwararru da Polovtsians, kuma Yaroslav ya hayar da 'yan matan Varangians. A sakamakon yakin 1019, Yaroslav ya zama sarki na Kiev.

A wannan lokacin ya ci gaba da yaki da Polovtsians (Sophia na Kiev, a hanya, da aka sanya shi don girmama nasara a kansu). Kuma yana karfafa dangantakar da kasashen waje ta hanyar aure. Yana da 'ya'ya goma -' ya'ya maza bakwai da 'ya'ya mata uku. Elizabeth, Anastasia da Anna sun yi aure a Norway, Hungary da Faransa. Daga cikin 'ya'ya maza, kawai kawai hagu don wasu ƙasashe. Izyaslav zuwa Poland, kuma Vsevolod zuwa Girka, daga bisani an haifi dansa Vladimir Monomakh.

Ba dukkan shugabannin Rasha da Rasha zasu iya yin alfaharin zama "kawu" na shugabannin Turai da yawa ba.

Dmitry Donskoy

Yaƙin Kulikovo shi ne abin da ya fi shahara ga dukan sarakunan Rasha. Ya faru a shekara ta 1380. Wannan yaki ne wanda ya sanya dukkanin maki a sama da "i". Tun daga wannan lokacin, Jihar Moscow ta zama babban dan wasa a fagen duniya. Horde, Harshen Lithuania, Byzantium sun fara yin la'akari da shi.

Me aka sani game da Dmitri Donskoi? Menene ya haifar da samuwar wannan kwamandan mai hikima da nasara? Bari mu duba kara.

Prince mai girma na Moscow da Vladimir an haifi a 1350 a Moscow. Mai kula da shi shi ne Metropolitan Alexei, wanda ya rinjayi rinjaye na Dmitry.

A lokaci daya tare da balaga da dan sarki da kuma sadaukarwarsa ga gwamnatin jihar, Golden Horde ya rushe. Bayan mutuwar Berdibek, wani gwagwarmayar neman iko ya fara. Amma Dmitry yana samun hanyar gajeren hanya a cikin jirgin khan. A Rasha, ana goyon bayan takararsa, Bugu da kari, Moscow ya hade da Nizhny Novgorod a musayar Vladimir. Wannan karshen yana wucewa zuwa wani kwamiti daban.

Wani yanke shawara mai wuya ga sarki shi ne rashin biyayya ga Horde khan. Wannan ya faru ne lokacin da Lithuanian-Horde Union ta yanke shawara don ta kare ta a Vladimir. Dmitry tattara sojojin kuma ya yi tsayayya da mai yaudarar.

Bugu da kari, Grand Duke ya shiga cikin ƙarfafa ƙasa a kusa da Moscow. Kamar yadda tarihin tarihin Rasha ya nuna, sarakunan wannan lokacin sun hada da yankunan da suka rabu da su a cikin ƙasa daya.

Ba da yarda da Horde khan ba ne ya jawo fushin wannan. Mamai ta tara sojoji kuma ta tafi Rasha. A hanya, ya cire rukunin Ryazan. Taswirar Khan sun hada da haɗin kai a kan Moscow tare da sa hannun Lithuanians, 'yan' yan Genoese da Ryazanites. Amma Dmitri Donskoi ya hango irin abubuwan da suka faru, kuma ya ƙi yin ba da kyauta ga Horde, ya bar sojojin a kan Mamai. Babban burin shine ya hadu da khan ba tare da abokansa ba.

Yaƙin ya faru ne a wani yanki na kilomita goma, a filin Kulikovo (a yau ita ce yankin Tula). A sakamakon haka, an samu nasara ta "nasara ta Pyrrh". Yarima bai cigaba da tsananta wa khan ba saboda mummunan hasara. Duk da haka, Mamai ya sadu da Tokhtamys a kan hanyar zuwa Crimea kuma ya ci shi gaba daya.

Da yake zama cikakkiyar khan, Tokhtamysh ya tafi Moscow, ya kama shi, amma Dmitry ya yarda ya adana ƙasashen Rasha don irinsa don dawo da haraji. Bayan haka, ya fara kafa dangantaka da Grand Duchy na Lithuania don hamayya da Horde khan.

Don haka, idan kun lissafa sunayen sarakunan Rasha, Dmitry Donskoy zai kasance daga cikin shahararrun mutane. Ba zai iya ci gaba da haɓaka ƙasashen bayan Ivan Kalita ba, amma kuma ya ci nasara da Golden Horde, ya kafa wani dutse na dutse na Moscow kuma ya karfafa dangantaka da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Ivan da m

Kamar yadda m m, wanda za mu tattauna daga baya, Ivan Grozny zama sananne adadi a cikin tarihi. A bisa hukuma, shi ne "Grand Duke" na karshe kuma farkon "tsar dukan Rasha".

Kuma tsarinsa yana ban mamaki. Ya haɗu da jigon halittar Rurik, Mamai (wanda ya kafa Glinsky) da kuma Palaeologus (daular daular Byzantine). Ba da yawa shugabannin Rasha sun yi alfaharin wannan ba. A cikin tsarin lissafi na ayyukan Ivan IV da mummunan zamuyi la'akari.

A matsayinsa na musamman, Grand Duke, ya zama shekaru uku, amma mulkin ya kasance yana da shekaru goma sha shida. Yayin da ya hau gadon sarauta, bukatun mutane da yawa sun haɗu. Na farko, yana son ya mallaki kansa. Abu na biyu, Macarius na Ƙasar yayi ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa Orthodoxy, wanda aka girgiza shi a wannan lokacin. Abu na uku, Byzantium yana bukatar dangi da wanda, kamar yadda ake tsammani, zai saurari ra'ayi na sarki.

A gaskiya, Ivan ya nuna kansa a matsayin mai zaman kanta, sarki mai iko da kuma iko mai iko. Kamar yadda tarihin Rasha ya nuna, sarakuna sun karfafa jihar ko sun nutse a cikin hanyoyi na ciki da kuma halakar da yawa daga abin da aka halitta a baya. A cikin wannan Grand Duke, wadannan halaye biyu sun haɗu.

A farkon aikinsa, ya yi tafiya zuwa kusan dukkanin makwabta. Livonian Order da Krymskoe Hanstvo, Sweden, Kazan kuma Astrakhan. Wasu gangami sun yi nasara, mafi yawa - a'a. Babbar matsalar ita ce rikicin da kasashen Turai.

A farko mataki duk abin da ya tafi daidai: da umurnin da aka ci, da Crimean Khan aka ci. Duk da haka, lokaci na opricnina, wanda za'a tattauna a baya, duk ketare. Rashin sake tsayar da matsalolin tsar zuwa matsalolin cikin gida ya ba da jinkiri ga abokan adawar.

A sakamakon haka, bayan tsawon shekarun yaki, Rasha ta rasa dukan ƙasashen da aka ci nasara a yammacin, kuma ya ba da wani ɓangare na tsalle, ta haka ta hana hanya zuwa teku. Sabanin ra'ayin Tsar, 'yan'uwan Stroganovs da' yan'uwan Ermak sun sami yankunan Siberiya masu muhimmanci, wanda ya taimaka wa jihar.

Bari yanzu muyi magana game da oprichnina. Wannan shi ne tsarin siyasar tsar, a cikin abin da yake so ya haifar da cikakkiyar cikakken horo ta hanyar yin watsi da duk wadanda ba su jin dadi ba. A lokacin shekarun Austrian, yawancin iyalai masu daraja sunyi hukuncin kisa.

Malyuta Skuratov ya tsaya a kan opricniki, kuma alama ce ta wannan sojojin shi ne shugaban kare da kwarewa, wanda aka ɗaura da sarkin doki.

Matsalolin wannan lokaci shi ne, manufar danginsa ba su kai ba, amma kawai sun shuka "rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice tsakanin mutane." Ya zo ne cewa Ivan mai Kyau ya sanya khan a kan kursiyin Moscow na tsawon shekara guda don fita daga cikin halin. A lokacin mulkin sabuwar sabuwar ya fito ne "Grand Duke", tsar ya kawar da dangin Austrian mai girma kuma ya nuna wa mutane cewa akwai shugabanni mafi muni da shi.

A cikin shekarun mulkin dukan sarakunan Rasha, babu irin wannan ta'addancin da Ivan ya yi. Irin wannan manufar ta ba da gudummawa wajen rage ikon jihar da kuma mika wuya ga dukkan ƙasashe zuwa yamma.

Ta haka ne, mulkin Ivan ya fara tashiwa mai nasara, amma bai iya jimre wa '' 'yanci' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' kuma ya ba da damar bayyana dangantakar. Wannan shine abin da ya sa kasar ta ƙi.

Peter I

Tun da Bitrus Alekseevich, manyan sarakuna na Rasha ana kiransa sarakuna. Shi ne, a gaskiya, ya zama na ƙarshe wanda ya kasance mai suna sarki.

Gaba ɗaya, nazarin masu bincike a kan ayyukansa suna da banbanci. Wasu sunyi la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi girma mai gyara, yayin da wasu ke magana da gaskiya kuma suna nuna rashin amincewa da tsarin jihar a lokacin mulkinsa.

Bari mu ga abin da ya sa irin wannan gagarumin nazari.

Bitrus Alekseevich shine dan uwansa na sha huɗu na mahaifinsa, Alexei Mikhailovich. Haduwar da yanayin sa a gaskiyar cewa mahaifiyarsa ya Natalia Naryshkin, na biyu matar sarki. Wato, kawai zai iya zuwa kursiyin zuwa karshe.

A lokacin yaro, Bitrus ya sami ilimi mai rauni, saboda rashin fahimtar juna tsakanin malamai da ya fito da magatakarda. Duk da haka, ya sauƙaƙe sauƙi a cikin ilimin kimiyya bayan aiki, ko da yake ya rubuta dukan rayuwarsa da kuskure.

Hanyar da ya yi mulki ya fara bayan tawayen Streltsy, wanda ya haifar da wani ban sha'awa a tarihin Rasha. A matsayinsu na Streltsi, an kafa wasu tsalle biyu a kan karagar mulki. Na farko shi ne ɗan'uwana tsohuwar Ivan, daga Sofya Alekseyevna, na biyu shi ne Bitrus. A yau za ku iya gani a cikin dakin kayan soja da dual kursiyin.

Bayan da Sofia ya dauki nauyin kulawa, Natalia Naryshkin da danta sun aika zuwa kauye na Preobrazhenskoye, inda Bitrus ya yi amfani da matasa.

A nan ne nan gaba sarki aka zama rawar da babban kwamandan kuma masanin kimiyya. Ya canza wasan a cikin sojoji a cikin duniyar duniyar kuma ya kirkiro wasu launi masu launi.

A hankali, Bitrus ya zama barazana ga Sarauniya Sofia. Ta kuma yi ƙoƙari ta kashe shi, amma saboda sakamakon mika wuya ga dakarun, an kori mai mulki kuma ya aika zuwa gidan dattawa.

Abu na fari Bitrus bayan ya zo iko, shine kama Azov. Yanzu an buɗe sashen zuwa Azov da Black Seas.

Amma Rasha ba ta iya yin gwagwarmaya da irin wannan makiya ba, kamar yadda, misali, Daular Ottoman. Saboda haka, tsar ya aika matasa matasa zuwa Turai "don horo", kuma nan da nan ya tafi kansa.

Bitrus - shugaban farko na Rasha, wanda ya ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba. Ba abin mamaki bane sun ce ya "shiga ta hanyar taga zuwa Turai" a shekara, lokacin da ya ziyarci ƙasashen Baltic, Netherlands, Austria da Ingila. Manufar ofishin jakadancin shine neman abokan tarayya a gwagwarmaya da Ottoman Empire.

Bugu da ƙari, aikin diflomasiyya, Bitrus ya ƙware fasahar jirgin ruwa, ya ziyarci mafari, ya san abubuwan da majalisar Birtaniya ta yi.
Sakamakon wannan aikin ba yakin da Ottoman Empire yake ba, kamar yadda zai iya gani, amma sake dawowa da manufofin gwamnatin Rasha. Yanzu bukatun tsar sun kasance a cikin Baltics.

Komawa gida, sarki ya gudanar da wasu canje-canje, kamar shafe gemunsa ga 'yan mata "a cikin Turai." Bugu da ƙari, ya jimre bikin Sabuwar Shekara a farkon Janairu.

Sa'an nan kuma abubuwan da suka faru suka ci gaba sosai. Nasara a cikin Arewacin War tare da Sweden, yana tafiya a kan Ottoman Empire, Iran, ci gaban Siberia. Sakamakon wadannan ayyuka shine sake sauyawa daga Rasha daga jihohi mai zaman kanta a cikin babbar daular.

Bitrus kansa ya ɗauki lakabi na farko da sarki na Rasha. Zamanin sarakuna sun shuɗe. Jihar ta shiga mataki na duniya.

Ba abin mamaki ba ne suka ce Bitrus mai girma shine mafi kyaun shugaban Rasha. Ya cancanci wannan taken tare da nasarorinsa a rayuwa.

Catherine II

Mutum mai muhimmanci wanda ya rinjayi ci gaba da karfin ikon kasar da kuma shahararsa a duniya shine Sofia Anhalt-Zerbstskaya, lokacin da ta koma Orthodoxy, mai suna Ekaterina.

An haife ta ne a cikin iyali na da Jamusanci yarima. A Rasha, duk da haka, shi ne kwatsam. A Empress, neman amarya wa ɗansa, ya zãɓi ta takarar.
Mahaifiyarta aka fitar daga Rasha a matsayin "leken asiri a cikin ni'imar Prussia," amma wannan bai hana Catherine zama matar Peter III.

Future Empress da farko ba quite shige zuwa cikin sabon iyali.

A jerin shugabannin Rasha zai kasance daban-daban idan ba don halayyar mijinta da kuma suruka. Peter nan da nan nisanta kansa daga Catherine, haka ƙwarai taya bayyanar ta favorites, kazalika da m dangantaka da Birtaniya.

Muddin girma shahararsa na Jamus yarinya a daraja da'irori na babban birnin kasar, da yiwuwa na sarki kawai fada. Lamarin da hukuncin Bitrus bayan mutuwar Elizabeth. Bayan lashe wani yawan nasarori a yaki da Prussia, da ya sanya hannu a sosai disadvantageous yarjejeniya. Koma karshe nasara yankuna, da kuma zama ta ally da Denmark.

Yana da wannan short-gani Politika Petra taimake Catherine yin juyin juya hali. Tare da taimakon da Birtaniya da kuma Faransa tallafin da goyon baya ga sojojin, ta zama sabon empress na Rasha.

Mata shugabanni na Rasha yawanci aiki dangantaka da al'adu da kuma da tabbatarwa daga data kasance hadisai. Ba ya tashi daga wannan hanya da kuma Catherine. Ta aka yin amfani da akafi so daga saman soja fadada ƙasa a kudi na New Rasha da Commonwealth.

Bugu da kari, wani muhimmin batu shi ne Empress rubutu da Faransa da masana falsafa. Yana taimaka Catherine ta samar da image na kasar nan gaba tare da wani ilimi da yawan jama'a.

Debe tsawon ta sarautar kasance da son kai ba. Empress sau da yawa ya tafi a kan game da su dabbobi da kuma masoya, ba tafi da kadarori, da kauyuka, da jawabin da baitulmalin Haikali. Irin wannan halayya da gudummawar da kara ci gaba da cin hanci da rashawa a kasar.

Duk da haka, idan ka dauki hoto ta sarautar Catherine mai girma a matsayin dukan, za mu iya ce tare da amincewa da cewa shi mulki kasar a layi tare da haskaka absolutism. Kuma kamar daidai ne a cikin kasashen Turai.

Nicholas II

A tarihin da bincike, wanda nufin da shugabanni na Rasha domin, sunan Nicholas II rufe nasara procession na sarakuna. Bãya gare shi ne riga mafi yawa shugabannin proletariat.

Abin da aka tuna da zuriyar karshe sarki na Rasha jihar?

Nicholas II ya da unenviable rabo. Daga wani matasa shekaru da suka fito a cikin ruhu na girmamawa da kuma sabis da Fatherland, ya aka tilasta ya dauki wani nauyi a kafaɗunsu. Yau, da yawa masu bincike suna karkata zuwa zaton cewa da farko ya ba ya so ya shiga cikin manifesto, da kuma daukar da ragamar a hannunsu.

Far-gani kuma ba, generals da falsafa, malamai, da kuma mãsu tanƙwasãwa. Dukan su ne shugabanni na Rasha. A shekara-shekara domin, suka duba bushe da kuma ilimi. Za mu yi kokarin dubi rayuwa na karshe sarki daga wani kusurwan.

Daga yara, Nicholas II ya saba wa yaki, ko da yake da hali ya kasance mai shiru, m da m. Wannan plexus halaye da gudummawar da Accession daga cikin hikima da kuma alhakin monarch.

A lokacin da shekaru na mulkinsa, ya gudanar ya jagoranci kasar zuwa ga wani tattalin arziki da ganiya, a lokacin da Rasha Empire dauki farko wuri a cikin jerin kasashen da suka ci gaba. Soft, ya sau da yawa ya bada kai rinjayar barorinsa kuma confidants. Duk da haka, wannan bai hana ya yi nasara yaƙin neman zaɓe a Far East, da yaki da Japan da kuma dauki bangare a cikin yakin duniya na farko.

Gina hanyar jirgin kasa, da tattalin arziki da sake fasalin, inganta da aiki matsayi. Wannan shi ne kawai karamin jerin masa taimako ga ci gaban kasar. Amma kome iya dakatar da girma damunsu da talakawa. Burokrasi rududdugaggu da zuciyar, da kuma mutanen da ya so ya canza halin da ake ciki.

Duk wannan sa a cikin watan Fabrairu, da kuma bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin. A 1917 ya abdicated da iyalinsa sa a karkashin gidan kama. Daga bisani, gwamnatin wucin fassara su zuwa Tobolsk. Kuma a watan Yuli na shekarar 1918 a kusa Yekaterinburg duka na sarki iyali harbe da Bolsheviks.

Akwai versions a cikin abin da daya ko fiye na yara gudanar ya tsere, amma babu wani daga cikinsu ba a tabbatar.

Wannan labarin ya gabatar da Rasha ta shugabanni daga Rurik zuwa Nicholas II, na karshe sarki na jini. A duk da wani sunan barkwanci, ya har yanzu aka gyara da kuma canonized.

Saboda haka, muna taƙaice gabatar da haske shafukan a tarihin kasar mu.