AS Pushkin ta "Mozart da Salieri": da Genre, summary

A samfurin na "Mozart da Salieri", wani salo na wanda - kadan bala'i, rubuta ta shahara Rasha mawãƙi, marubuci kuma marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo A. S. Pushkina. Marubucin yi cikinsa da rubuce-rubuce na wani sabon play a 1826, amma sanya shi a cikin mafi m lokaci na rayuwarsa - a lokacin da ake kira boldins. A play aka buga a 1831, nan da nan bada Yunƙurin zuwa daya daga cikin mafi daidaita camfin game da mawaki Salieri kashe abokinsa Mozart. Drama rubutu ya ba da dalilin libretto na wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da Rimsky-Korsakov, kazalika da fim rubutun.

ra'ayin

A play "Mozart da Salieri", wani salo wanda aka halin wasu bayani dalla-dalla idan aka kwatanta da sauran ayyukan da marubucin, ya shirya a cikin shekaru biyar kafin ta buga, wanda aka rubuta shaida daga cikin abokansa da kuma wasu daga cikin Sahaban. Amma da mawãƙi ya ji tsoron hukuma zargi, don haka ba hanzarta tare da ɗaba'ar. Ya ma yi kokarin buga sabon ayyukan asirce ko ɓoye su mawallafi, ya nuna cewa ya fassara waje ayyukansu. A yanki da aka rubuta a karkashin karfi da tasiri da ya gabata na babbar tarihi wasan kwaikwayo "Boris Godunov".

Duk da yake aiki a kan ta Pushkin so rubuta jerin kwaikwaiyo game da tarihi da aukuwa a wasu kasashen. Kuma idan a farkon yanayin, ya aka yi wahayi zuwa ga ayyukan William Shakespeare, amma wannan lokaci ya dauki wani samfurin na wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa marubucin Jean Racine, wanda fĩfĩta cikin sharuddan jituwa ta mãkirci kuma style.

scene Features

Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Pushkin ya cikin play "Mozart da Salieri". Salo da wannan wasan kwaikwayo ne sosai musamman, kamar yadda yana da wani ɓangare na wani zagayowar da ake kira kananan bala'in, wanda kamar yadda irin wannan ba ya zama a cikin adabi, amma an ci gaba da marubucin na musamman ga sabon ayyukan, wanda akwai kawai hudu. Daya daga cikin manyan bayãnin hukuncin fasali na wani aiki na Genre - wani m simplification na mãkirci. A wannan wasa - kawai biyu haruffa (ba kirgawa makafi violin wanda ya bayyana a daya episode).

A dukan abun da ke ciki daga cikin play - yana da monologues da kuma hirar a cikin abin da duk da haka cikakken bayyana da haruffa. Hankali wajabta tunani daga cikin haruffa ne daban-daban abun da ke ciki "Mozart da Salieri". wasa Genre tsare ta shãmaki: aikin faruwa a wani kewaye sarari, wanda alama haske tabarau, da kuma jaddada cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi. Na karshe aiki quite ake iya faɗi: da rikici cikin sharuddan mãkirci ne kusan ƙarancin. Babban wahala - a zanga-zanga na can ciki duniya da heroes, kokarin bayyana da hali da kuma muradi.

harshe

Very sauki, amma a lokaci guda m ƙamus bambanta wasan kwaikwayo "Mozart da Salieri". Pushkin ƙi hadaddun wallafe-wallafen juyin koma ga lokacin rubuta masa baya bala'i a lokacin da ya yi koyi da Shakespeare. Yanzu yana sha'awar sauki, m harshen Racine. Ya nemi da a yi karatu (ko kallo na mataki) aka ba shagala daga jigon da rikici da kuma adawa haruffa.

Saboda haka ya gangan quntata da ikon yinsa, daga cikin labarin kuma nemi matsakaicin brevity a cikin hirar da monologues. Lalle ne, biyu heroes a lokaci daya zama sosai a fili tun da sosai karo na farko da bayyanar a fili, daidai da daidai bayyana su da muradi da manufar rayuwa. Zai yiwu shi ne a kananan mummunan musamman mai haske talanti marubucin da kwance damarar sauki a cikin lexicon. Wannan janyo hankalin mai karatu ta wasan kwaikwayo "Mozart da Salieri". Pushkin so sa hankali da rikici kamar yadda m kamar yadda zai yiwu, saboda haka kauce wa wani abu da zai janye hankali mai karatu. Duk da haka, shi ne, ba bã tãre da wasu haruffa ladabi: m da magana, shi duk da haka melodic sauti da kuma sosai ma'ana. A halin yanzu aikin wannan singularity aka bayyana musamman vividly saboda biyu na ta protagonist - da mawaki, da mutane na ilimi aiki, wanda ya yi ladabi da dandano.

shigarwa

Daya daga cikin shahararrun marubuta da kuma kasida ne Pushkin. "Mozart da Salieri" (short play ciki dabam da bayyana sauki da kuma sauki fahimta) - yana da wani wasan kwaikwayo, wanda shi ne mai ban sha'awa domin ta ban mamaki da kuma hadadden m labarin. Fara yana buɗewa monologue Salieri, wanda yayi magana akan ya ibada da soyayya music, kuma ya tuna min da kokarin da ya yi na ta da binciken.

A lokaci guda ya nuna masa hassada (af, cewa abin da wannan shi ne daya daga cikin zayyana daga cikin play sunayen) zuwa Mozart, wanda tare da sauƙi, kuma virtuosity haɗa a ayyukan baiwa. A kashi na biyu na monologue sadaukar da watsuwar shirinsa: da mawaki yanke shawarar guba abokinsa, shiryar da cewa shi ne a banza wawure da basira da kuma ba zai iya samun shi ga kyau amfani.

A farko zance na heroes

Kamar babu sauran a takaice aikin ya iya kai zurfin da m abubuwan Pushkin. "Mozart da Salieri" (short abun ciki daga cikin play ne mafi kyau hujja da cewa) - shi ne mai fi'ili duel tsakanin biyu haruffa, wanda ake ta maslahar su da kuma rayuwa a raga. Duk da haka, a fili suka sadarwa sosai m, amma marubucin ya gina maganarsu sabõda haka, kowace jumla ya tabbatar da yadda za su ne mutane daban-daban, da kuma yadda irreconcilable rikitarwa a tsakanin biyu. An samu riga a karo na farko hira.

Taken "Mozart da Salieri" ne watakila mafi kyau saukar a fitowan na farko a fage da cewa nan da nan ya nuna masa fushi da sauƙi, kuma ta halitta. Yana take kaiwa zuwa wani makaho mai kada violin da suka taka a mummunan abun da ke ciki da kuma ta kuskure mawaki matalauta mãsu hutu. Salieri ne haushi saboda gaskiyar cewa abokinsa da ke sa fun nasa baiwa music.

A karo na haruffa

Wannan tattaunawar ne gaba daya ƙarfafa bayani mawaki guba abokinsa. Ya daukan guba da ke zuwa wani gidan cin abinci inda suka amince da su da abincin dare tare. Tsakanin biyu akwai sake tattaunawa da cewa a karshe yana sanya rikodin mike i. Saboda haka laconic mataki duk bambanta kadan Pushkin ta bala'i. "Mozart da Salieri" - wani wasan kwaikwayo da cewa ya ba togiya. Wannan na biyu tattaunawar composers bautar wani tsakiyar wuri a cikin labarin. A wannan yamma kai tsaye ta su m bukatun da muradi.

Mozart ce cewa gaskiya baiwa ba zai iya aikata mugunta, kuma wa abõkinsa, ko buga da wannan tunani har yanzu ya kawo wa ra'ayin da ƙarshen. A wannan yanayin, mai karatu ya ga cewa Mozart yana wanzuwa. Pushkin haka ya gina aikinsa, cewa wannan ba ya bar wani shakka. Yana da sha'awa a cikin na farko wuri da ya kai ga wannan drama.

Hoton na da babban harafin

Tashin hankalin "Mozart da Salieri" ne ban sha'awa cikin sharuddan m adawa daga cikin wadannan mutane. A farko hali ne mai sauqi qwarai da kuma kai tsaye. Yana bai zo da ra'ayin cewa abokinsa ne kishi na shi. Amma kamar gaskiya ne baiwa na art, ya na da wani sabon abu da flair cewa ya nuna yana da za su ƙare ba, abin da shi ne da kuma ya gaya. Mozart gaya Salieri labarin wani bakon abokin ciniki, wanda ya yi umurni da Requiem, kuma tun sa'an nan ba bayyana.

Tun daga nan, da mawaki tunanin cewa ya rubuta wani Requiem Mass kanta. A wannan gajere labarin ya ji wani hango su game da ƙarshen, ko da yake ya ba ya yi shi ne daidai da yadda ta faru.

Hoton na Salieri

Wannan mawaki, a akasin haka, har ma fiye da niyya ga gudanar da wani mugun shirin. Wannan Gaskiya ne, a cikin scene lõkacin da ya buga Mozart excerpts daga Requiem. Shi ne a halin yanzu daya daga cikin karfi a cikin play. A wannan episode, Mozart sake bayyana ga mai karatu a matsayin music baiwa da Salieri - a matsayin personification na mugunta. Saboda haka, marubucin ya nuna masa ra'ayin cewa wadannan biyu Concepts ne m tare da juna.

ra'ayin

A samfurin na "Mozart da Salieri" - wannan shi ne mafi falsafa aiki a sake zagayowar na kananan bala'in, domin shi ne mafi cikakken bayyana matsalar na adawa tsakanin nagarta da mugunta, aiwatuwa a cikin babban mawaki da ya m. Pushkin daidai dace haruffa zuwa embody da ra'ayoyin: shi ne daidai a yanzu, gaskiya kerawa zama wani fage na gwagwarmaya tsakanin wadannan biyu sabani ka'idojin. Saboda haka, wannan wasan kwaikwayo yana da wani asali ma'anar. Kuma idan sauran ayyukan sake zagayowar karkashin shawara da isasshe tsauri mãkirci, wanda motsa babban dabara a wannan wasa shi ne kishiyar: ga fore marubucin sa a gaba a falsafa ra'ayin cewa ba aikin ne ma'anar rayuwa, da mãkirci taka Tallafa rawa, saitin kashe da ra'ayin na marubuci.