Antarctica: da sauyin yanayi da kuma fauna

Antarctica - shida nahiyar, na karshe na bude na ɓangaren duniya. Saboda da wuya ƙwarai da gaske yanayi, shi ne ba samuwa ga masu rinjaye. Duk da haka, mutane a nan shi ne ba musamman m. Quite lokaci mai tsawo kiyaye a nan kawai horar da masu bincike. Hurricane-karfi iskõki, low yanayin zafi, m expanses of snow da kankara - cewa shi ne Antarctica. nahiyar ta sauyin yanayi ne da farko saboda da kasa halin da ake ciki na nahiyar.

Sanya a duniya

A matsayi na Antarctica - dalilin da cewa shi ya kasance haka dogon boye daga m ido na seafarers. Shida nahiyar aka located a kudancin yammancin duniya, a iyakacin duniya yankin. Bugu da kari ya da nisa daga wasu nahiyoyi, shi ne raba rugujewa kankara, wanda gama jiragen babban cikas na da ƙarni.

A wasu nisa daga cibiyar na nahiyar ne da Kudu iyakacin duniya. Iyakacin duniya na Inaccessibility da cikakkar sanyi iyakacin duniya - biyu mafi maki, wanda zai iya gadara da Antarctica. A yanayi na nahiyar a general, ya bayyana sarai daga sunayensu.

da zazzabi

The mafi ƙasƙanci alama har zuwa wanda ma'aunin zafi da sanyio fadi a Antarctica - shi ne -89,2 ° C. Wannan zazzabi da aka rubuta a cikin yankin na nan Soviet tashar "Vostok". Ga mai cikakkar sanyi iyakacin duniya.

A cikin tsakiyar yankunan nahiyar ba tabbatacce yanayin zafi, ko da a cikin gajeren lokacin rani watanni. Daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Fabrairu, lokacin da kudancin yammancin duniya ya zo da dumi kakar, da iska iya dumama zuwa -30 ° C ko -20 ° C. A Coast ba shine al'amarin ba. Ga yawan zafin jiki yakan zuwa 0 ° C, a lokacin rani watanni, da kuma wani lokacin har ma mafi girma.

Sunny amma sanyi

Features sauyin yanayi na Antarctica suna hade da wani isasshe manyan adadin kuzari fito daga mu star a nan, da kuma a lokaci guda low yanayin zafi. Wannan, sãɓã wa jũnamai aka bayyana da babban reflectivity na kankara. A rana bayan da gajeren lokacin rani watanni, haske da wani kusan cloudless sama, kusan ba tare da katsewa. Duk da haka, mafi zafi da aka nuna. Bugu da kari, a lokacin da iyakacin duniya dare, wanda yana da watanni shida a nahiyar, Antarctica da aka sanyaya saukar fi.

mahaukaciyar guguwa

A tsanani daga cikin sauyin yanayi na Antarctica bayyana wani alama na da shi. Nan da ake kira duka kabaticheskie, ko stock, iskõki. Suna kafa a sakamakon da zazzabi bambanci tsakanin surface da kuma iska. Shi ne ma alhakin samuwar iskõki ne domed sanyi icecap nahiyar. A surface Layer cools iska, ta yawa ƙaruwa da kuma karkashin mataki na nauyi shi so yana gangarowa zuwa wajen Coast. A kauri daga wannan nauyi Averages 200-300 mita. Ta daukawa a manyan adadin snow turɓãya, wanda tsanani rinjayar da bayyanar da iska a yankin na abin da ya faru.

The gudu daga iska taro dogara a kan mataki na steepness na gangara. A mafi girma da karfi iskõki kashe bakin tekun na riba tare da wani gangare zuwa teku. Ku hũra shi for quite dogon lokaci. Arctic hunturu - lokaci na matsakaicin iska karfi, bugãwa daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Nuwamba, kusan ba tare da katsewa. Daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris, da halin da ake ciki ya inganta. Iskõki faruwa ne kawai idan da rana ne low a kan sararin sama, da kuma na dare. Da zuwan bazara ta kara surface zafin jiki a kan tekun ne m.

Antarctica, inda da sauyin yanayi da kuma a lokacin rani watanni quite mai tsanani, sakamakon kunnawa da gale-karfi iskõki kan watanni takwas ne ba samuwa ga jirgin sama da kuma sauran jiragen sama. Iyakacin duniya wintering a wannan lokacin, ci gaba da kasancewa kusan yanke daga waje duniya.

"Mazauni"

Irin wannan mai kauri sauyin yanayi a halin yanzu ba gaba daya inda ba wanda yake zaune Antarctica. Akwai tsuntsaye, kwari, dabbobi masu shayarwa, da kuma ko shuke-shuke. A karshen suna wakilta yafi undersized lichens da ciyawa (ba fiye da daya santimita). A nahiyar, akwai kuma mosses.

A Antarctica an ba gaba daya kasa sauran jinsinan. Dalilin wannan shi ne scanty ciyayi: a cikin tsakiyar yankunan nahiyar da kõme ba su ci. Mafi shahara dabba na nahiyar - a penguin. Ga sheƙa da dama daga cikin jinsunan. Wasu shirya kawai a kan tsibirin, yayin da wasu suka zaba da Coast.

Antarctica, da sauyin yanayi ne m ga mutane da yawa kwayoyin, ba deterred kuma like, kazalika da blue Whales, maniyyi Whales, kisa Whales, kudancin Whales. Daga tsuntsãye, sai dai penguins, garin kankara expanses ne 'yan qasar zuwa skuas da petrels.

Harsh Antarctic sauyin yanayi bai dace da rayuwar mutane. Duk da haka, wannan bai hana masana kimiyya ya gano rayayye a nahiyar: karkararta An riga an dauka a isasshe manyan yawan iyakacin duniya tashoshin. Da masu bincike a shekara nẽman nan don shawo kan matsananci yanayi kusa da yawa daga asiran da na nahiyar da kuma na yanayi, a general.