Animals na Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi: jerin, description da halaye

Dalili na kirki rayuwa harsashi Duniya (biosphere) ne Naira Miliyan Xari total bambancin da jinsunan kwayoyin, shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, fungi da t. D., Wanne aka kafa a cikin tsarin juyin halitta. A wannan tsarin, babu wani abu superfluous ko ba dole ba, wata-bomai inji aiki shekaru miliyoyi masu yawa. Hade da shi da kuma ci gaban al'umma, wanda tasiri a kan namun daji, zai kawai kara shekara-on-shekara. Shi ne sau da yawa m, kuma a sakamakon take kaiwa zuwa da bukatar ya dauko matakan da nufin a adana jinsunan bambancin.

A Komi Jamhuriyar aikin wannan irin yana da za'ayi tare da 80-ies. The Red Littãfi da aka kafa a 1998, wanda ya nuna duk da rare da kuma wajen farauta. A mita ta buga - sau daya a kowace shekara goma. Animals na Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi kimanta a ranar shida sharudda da kuma Categories cewa faye hali da matsayi na jinsi.

A sharudda ga kimantawa

• 0 - yiwuwa dadaddun ko dadaddun, cewa shi ne, kafin su rayu a cikin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar, amma a karshe 100 ko 50 shekaru (ga kwaro da vertabrate, bi da bi), su gaban da aka ba tabbatar.
• 1 - suna ha] ari, da cewa shi ne, yawan wanda aka rage zuwa m matakin da yiwuwar cewa su iya bace gaba ɗaya a nan gaba.
• 2 - jinsunan, wanda yawansu suna ragewa haƙuri.
• 3 - rare. Wadannan sun hada da yawan jama'a, subspecies cewa rayuwa a kan wata iyaka yankin tare da halitta low lambobi.
• 4 - na bai tabbata matsayi, cewa shi ne, wanda aka tattara da isasshen bayani, amma suka yiwuwa fada cikin daya daga wadannan Categories.
• 5 - murmurewa ko dawo dasu. Kwayoyin, shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi, da yawan abin da yake kusa da adadi, idan sun kasance ba a bukatar kariya da taimako.

namomin kaza

Daya daga cikin mafi m da kuma ban sha'awa to kimiyya sammai - Namomin kaza. Yanzu ya hada game da rabin miliyan jinsuna. A Red littafin Komi da aka wakilta biyu sassa da kuma 42 jinsunan. ciki har da:

• Kaka gyromitra - tsiro a coniferous da kuma gauraye gandun daji kananan-Leaved, ya zo ba a kowace shekara, a raba lokutta Vychegda River Basin.
• Smorchkova hula - humus saprotroph, rare, Kadaitaccen, sun fi mayar da kama da na baya view.
• White greasers (hoton sama) - shi ne mai tartsatsi ne a Rasha, amma a cikin ƙasa na Komi ne m, babban dalilin - halakar wurare na ta mazauninsu.

algae

Sabanin ga sanannen imani, an dauka karkashin kariyar ba kawai tsuntsaye, da shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Red Data Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi da kuma wakilan tafi zuwa ga mafi tsufa spore kwayoyin (algae) na zuwa ƙananan tsire-tsire Subkingdom. Akwai hudu iri: lemaneya kogin, Nostoc plum, tolipella spicate, da Hara talakawa. Na farko shi ne a columnar algae, kai har zuwa 4 cm. Idan ka dauki sikelin da duniya, a irin cosmopolitan tartsatsi ne. Duk da haka, a cikin Komi rubutu kawai kananan alƙarya a cikin koguna da tabkuna da tundra.

Lemaneya kogin yana da babban thallus up to 30 cm tsawo, yawanci sauki, da yawa kasa yalwa branched. Specific launi: duhu shunayya, launin ruwan kasa, ruwan hoda. Rare jinsunan ja algae a duniya, same kawai 4 Komi yawan jama'a. A wannan za a iya ce game da tolipellu spicate, girma a kasa na tundra tabkuna. Population, kuma su lambobin da aka kadan karatu, amma kuma akwai bukatar a kare, tun kawai a cikin tundra tsiro a Rasha.

Tsire-tsire Red Littafi

A duka Flora na Jamhuriyar Komi yana da 1158 shuka iri (jijiyoyin bugun gini), na da game da 1000 nufin da taiga yankin da kuma 500 - ga tundra. Mamayar nasa ne da wakilan da angiosperms. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da wasu daga cikin jinsunan. Alal misali, Pinus sibirica (photo), wanda ya kuskure ya kira itacen al'ul. Yana da wani tsayi itacen (34-35 m) yana da yada kambi da zaune, bisa ga wasu kimomi, har zuwa shekaru 500, musamman nuna godiya ga m amfani mahadi kwayoyi. Kimanta a kan na biyu rarrabẽwa, dalilin - gobara da kuma yankan farautar. Littafin kuma ya buga daban-daban sedges, Bolotnitsa, Bluegrass, Siberian Iris, violets, Elm (m, m), da sauransu.

Chordate dabbobi da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi na Jamhuriyar Komi ne da yawa da bambance bambancen, don haka bari mu dubi mafi musamman domin kowane aji.

aji Pisces

The kyau ruwan Jamhuriyar ne gida zuwa 44 jinsunan fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi. Harsh yanayin damina da kuma babban adadin koguna da tabkuna sun gano rawar da kama kifi a matsayin gargajiya zama a cikin yankin. Wannan factor, guda biyu tare da farautar, gurbatawa na tabkuna da koguna, da bunkasa masana'antu na yankunan ya jagoranci wani karu a yawan kasuwanci kifi. Su ne a karkashin barazana, ciki har da wadannan.

• Common kifi - kifi fi son su rayu cikin wani tsabta dutsen koguna da sauri yanzu. A baya can, akwai lokutta har zuwa 70 kg, amma karshen kama samfurori ba fiye da 4 kg. Wadannan chordates Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi ne 'yan saboda iyakance muhalli alkuki.
• Siberian sturgeon - manya-manyan kifaye da kuma 1.5 m, a tsawon da wani talakawan nauyi na 50 kg. A sosai rare nau'in a dangane da aiki haramtacciyar farauta da kuma ruwa gurbatawa.
• White Salmon - wani babban kogi kifi, matsalar shine gurbatawa na spawning da kuma ciyar da filaye.

Bugu da kari, cikin littafin da aka jera Arctic char, Grayling, Bullhead.

Dabbobi masu rarrafe, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa da kuma

Wadannan dabbobi su ne Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi ne m vertabrate manyan ruwa ko Semi-na cikin ruwa salon. Sashen wakilta biyu kawai jinsin. Farko - Siberian salamander. Shi yana da wani elongated kuma taso jiki tare da wani m da kuma saka a mota, shugaban. A size daga cikin manya a cikin 11-15 cm tsawo. A dalilai domin ta kananan size suna talauci gane, amma bisa ga wasu shi ake dangantawa da shiri na relic. Nau'i na biyu - Turai wuta-bellied toad. A kananan amphibian har zuwa 5-6 cm tare da wani haske orange ko ja ciki mai rufi m aibobi. A barazana da yake a cikin gurbatawa na habitats ko su canji.

tsuntsãye

A Komi Jamhuriyar, 250 jinsunan tsuntsaye gida. Daga gare su, a cikin Red Littãfi daga yankin an jera kamar haka: manyan da Grebe, Turai baki-throated mai nutsa, bittern talakawa da kuma kananan, ƙanana da whooper swan, ja-breasted Goose, greylag Goose, karami fari, ungulu, fadama harrier, zinariya mikiya, zuma ungulu, da fari-tailed gaggafa, peregrine, shaho, Merlin, m crane, quail, moorhen, coot, corncrake, oystercatcher, snipe, baki-tailed godwit, da mujiya, ake yin dusar ƙanƙara da mujiya, da launin toka, bearded da kuma dogon-tailed tawny mujiya, mikiya mujiya, kowa shrike Red-da Nightingale.

The Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi (dabbobi): jerin dabbobi masu shayarwa

Wannan shi ne mafi sosai shirya chordates, sun ayan cikin hadaddun tsarin da juyayi tsarin, saboda haka, da wuya da kuma Na'urar halayya martani. 60 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa rayuwa a cikin Jamhuriyar, da kuma rare da miyagun sanya biyar.

• Reindeer - migratory jinsunan saukin kamuwa da barazana yafi saboda farautar. An dade kasance a iyakacin duniya al'ummai dauke da wani muhimmanci tushen abinci da kayan.
• Northern pika - dabba, da size da kuma bayyanar da kama wani bera, amma tare da wani gajeren wutsiya, taso keya kunnuwa, launi - rawaya tsatsa. Barazana ne bunkasa masana'antu na ƙasar, ya hallaka ta wurin dabba mazauninsu.
• A cikin jerin "Animals na Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi" Badger kuma hada, ko da yake shi ne quite na kowa a cikin Rasha view. A kananan yawan al'ummar da ake dangantawa da wata iyaka abinci, mai tsanani yanayin damina, halaka ta mafarauta.
• A Turai mink zaune a yankuna da dama na Rasha, amma a cikin Komi kananan cikin lambobin, da dalilai ne ba a sani ba, yiwu saboda canje-canje a cikin muhalli da yanayi.
• Brown dogon-eared jemage - jemage kananan size, dalilin da low na ruwan dare - sosai sanyi winters da deforestation.

Kamar yadda ka sani, kowa da kowa a duniya ne a balance, amma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ayyukan mutane, shi za a iya gudun hijira a wani unfavorable shugabanci. Da wuya, amma akwai sau da kishiya a lokacin da kai-a mayar da m dabbobi na Red Littafi na Jamhuriyar Komi. Turai polecat - a kai tsaye misali. Ya aka jera a cikin na farko edition, amma zuwa ranar, yawan ya gano da kuma shi ne mai lafiya daga Dabbobi, amma saboda dabba da aka cire daga jerin.