Anatomy lakã da kuma rassansa

A lakã ne mafi girma a jirgin ruwa a jikin duka a tsawon kuma diamita da kuma girma na jini ya kwarara, duk da haka shi ya dogara da isasshen jini ya kwarara dukkan gabobin da kuma tsarin. Pathology daga cikin mafi girma jijiya a cikin jikin mutum da mummunan tasiri a kan aikin na duk gabobin, jini wanda reshe kashe kasa da matakin da rauni.

aortic haltta

Conventionally, wannan babban jirgin ruwa da aka raba kashi uku, dangane da shugabanci:

• Hawa sashen.
• Aortic baka haltta wanda aka aikata da dabam- dabam.
• Saukowa part. Wannan sashen ne mafi tsawo. Ya ƙare a kusanta na hudu lumbar vertebra. Ga fara da na kowa iliac jijiya, wanda ya raba ciki lakã.

Tiyata da topography

Hawa lakã zo daga hagu ventricle. Bayan kai na biyu haƙarƙari, shi da ke shiga cikin abin da ake kira baka, wanda, curving zuwa hagu, a matakin na hudu thoracic vertebra motsa a cikin ƙasa part.

aortic Anatomy da kuma tsari na ta raka'a da kuma babban rassan da kayan ciki dangi zuwa ga wasu a bangarori daban-daban ne na bayar da muhimmanci a nazari da tsarin da thoracic da kuma na ciki cavities.

thorax

Shan saman matakin na hudu thoracic vertebra, da thoracic kashi na lakã ne directed ma tsaye zuwa ƙasa, ana located in na baya mediastinum. Don dama daga cikin lakã a wannan wuri karya da thoracic bututu da kuma unpaired Vienna. hagu - wani yanki na parietal pleura.

ciki sashen

An fara wannan rabu ta wucewa da aortic jirgin ruwa ta m bude a cikin diaphragm da kuma kara zuwa matakin na hudu lumbar vertebra. A ilimin halittàr jiki da na ciki lakã na da peculiarity: shi ya ta'allaka ne a cikin retroperitoneal salula sarari, a kan gawawwakin da lumbar kashin baya, kewaye da wadannan jikuna:

• da dama na shi ya ta'allaka ƙananan m Vienna.
• daga gaba na ciki lakã m da na baya surface na pancreas, a kwance kashi na duodenum, kuma wani ɓangare na tushen na mesentery na kananan hanji.

Kai matakin na hudu vertebra lumbar sashen, na ciki lakã raba zuwa biyu iliac jijiyoyi. Suna bayar da jinin samar da ƙananan wata gabar jiki (wannan wuri da aka kira wani bifurcation, bifurcation na lakã, kuma shi ne karshen).

A daidai da tsari na sassan wannan babban jirgin ruwa haltta na lakã da kuma rassansa yana dauke da sassan.

Branches hawa sashen

Wannan - da farko ganga sashen. Its duration ne kananan: daga hagu ventricle ga guringuntsi na biyu haƙarƙari a kan dama.

A farkon hawa lakã daga ta reshe kashe dama da hagu jijiyoyin zuciya arteries, yankin inda jinin samar da zuciya ne.

Da rassan da aortic baka

baka haltta yana da wadannan alama: daga convex ɓangare fãra manyan jijiyoyi da cewa kawo jini ya kwarara da kwanyar da kuma na sama extremities. A concave rabo ba kananan-sized rassan cewa ba su da wani m wuri.

Daga cikin convex gefe na aortic baka wadannan rassan tashi (daga dama zuwa hagu):

• brachiocephalic akwati ( "brachiocephalic");
• bar kowa carotid jijiya.
• subklavikulyarnaya bar jijiya.

A concave ɓangare na baka ba bakin ciki jijiya tasoshin dace da trachea da bronchi. Da lambar kuma wuri na iya zama daban-daban.

Branch sauko sashen

Saukowa lakã, bi da bi, ne zuwa kashi sassan:

1. Thoracic zubar sama da diaphragm.
2. Typhoid, located kasa da diaphragm.

Thorax:

• Parietal jijiya jinin samar tasoshin da ganuwar da thorax: babba diaphragmatic arteries sashe daga surface na diaphragm daga cikin kirji kogo da kuma raya intercostal jijiya tasoshin samar da jini intercostal kuma mike ciki tsokoki, mammary gland shine yake, laka, kazalika da taushi nama na baya.
• Visceral tasoshin tsawaita daga thoracic, ramify a cikin na baya mediastinum gabobin.

Ciki sashen:

• Parietal rassan, sashe a cikin ganuwar kogon ciki (hudu nau'i-nau'i daga lumbar arteries samar da tsokoki da kuma fata lumbar, na ciki bango, lumbar kashin baya da kuma laka) da kuma ƙananan surface na diaphragm.
• Visceral jijiya rassan, har ya zuwa na ciki gabobin - da biyu (k adrenal gland, kodan, golaye, kuma ovaries, inda arteries sunayen dace da sunayen perfused gabobin) da kuma unpaired. Names dace da sunayen da visceral arteries perfused gabobin su.

A tsarin da ganga bango

A ra'ayi na "da tankwara da lakã" ya hada da bango halitta na jiki most jini jirgin ruwa. A tsarin da ta bango yana da wasu bambance-bambance ne daga tsarin da bango duk sauran jijiyoyi.

A tsarin da aortic bango kamar haka:

• A ciki harsashi (da intima). Shin wani ginshiki membrane liyi tare da endothelium. Endothelium rayayye amsa ga sakonni samu daga zagawa da jini jirgin ruwa, canza su da kuma watsa da santsi tsoka Layer da jirgin ruwa bango.
• Tunica. Wannan Layer kunshi a wani lakã na circularly shirya na roba fiber (sabanin sauran arteries a cikin jiki, wanda gabatar da kuma collagen da santsi tsoka da kuma na roba zaruruwa - mai haske ba tare da wani preponderance na su). aortic haltta yana da alama: tsakiyar membrane aortic bango an kafa yafi na roba zaruruwa. talakawan harsashi aiki ne don kula da siffar da jirgin ruwa da kuma samar da ta motility. A tsakiyar Layer da jirgin ruwa bango an kewaye da interstitial abu (ruwa), da babban ɓangare na abin da ke shiga nan daga jini jini.
• Adventitia (cikin matsanancin harsashi da jirgin ruwa). Wannan connective nama Layer kunshi gaske na collagen zaruruwa da perivascular fibroblasts. Ya laced tare da jini capillaries da kuma ƙunshi babban adadin karshen autonomic jijiya zaruruwa. Perivascular connective Layer ne wani shugaba da kuma sakonni nufi ga jirgin ruwa, da kuma hatsaisai da suka samo asali daga shi.

Aikin duk da yadudduka da jijiyoyin bugun gini bango ne juna da kuma iya yada bayanai Pulse juna - biyu daga tsakiyar Layer na intima da adventitia, da kuma a gaban shugabanci.