Amitosis - shi ne hanyar cell division

Familiarization tare da bayanai a cikin wannan labarin zai taimaka wa mai karatu ya yi koyi game da daya daga cikin hanyoyi na cell division - amitosis. Za mu gano fasali na shakka wannan tsari, la'akari da bambance-bambance daga sauran nau'o'in division da kuma more.

Mene ne amitosis

Amitosis - wani irin cell division kai tsaye. Wannan tsari ne saboda saba rabo daga cikin tsakiya shiga kashi biyu. Duk da haka, shi yana iya rasa lokaci na kafa da dogara sanda ya raba. A ligation auku ba tare da chromatin sandaro. Amitosis - wani tsari muhimmi a cikin sel na dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke, kazalika da protozoa.

Daga cikin tarihi da kuma gudanar da bincike

Robert Remak a 1841 ya ba da bayanin amitosis aiwatar da farko, amma da kalmar kanta zo yawa daga baya. Tuni a 1882 a halitta da kuma histologist Jamus asalin, Walter Flemming miƙa zamani sunan tsari. Amitosis cell a cikin yanayi ne in mun gwada rare, amma shi yiwuwa sau da yawa faruwa, tun da shi ne ya cancanta.

aiwatar Features

Kamar yadda cell division ya auku? Amitosis mafi kusantar su zamanto a cikin sel ya rage mitotic aiki. Saboda haka, sa na Kwayoyin cewa ya kamata mutu a sakamakon tsufa ko yanayin da pathological canje-canje, za a iya jinkirta mutuwarsa don wani lokaci.

Amitosis - wani tsari a cikin abin da jihar na tsakiya a lokacin Interphase riƙe su morphological siffofin: da nucleolus za a iya ganin haka a fili, kazalika da ta harsashi, da DNA ba replicated, chromatin - da gina jiki, DNA da RNA ba spiraleziruyutsya da kuma ganewa na chromosomes a cikin nucleus din eukaryotic Kwayoyin ne mãsu fakowa ba.

Akwai wani kai tsaye ba cell division - mitosis. Amitosis, da bambanci, damar cell bayan division kula da aiki a matsayin wani aiki rabi. Dogara sanda (tsarin domin chromosome fata) a lokacin da amitosis ba kafa, amma da zuciyar an har yanzu raba, da kuma wani sakamakon wannan tsari ne da bazuwar rarraba kwayoyin bayanai. Rashin cytokinetic tsari sakamakon da haifuwa na sel tare da biyu nuclei, wanda ba zai iya shiga cikin hali mai sassa na mitosis a nan gaba. Mahara maimaitawar amitosis iya kai ga samuwar na sel tare da wani jam'i na tsakiya.

A halin yanzu halin da ake ciki

Amitosis a matsayin ra'ayi fara fito fili a cikin littattafai da dama a cikin shekaru 80 na karni na ashirin. Don kwanan wata, akwai shawarwari da cewa duk da matakai da aka a baya a kewaye karkashin wannan ra'ayi, a gaskiya gane ba da kyau da sakamakon bincike a kan talauci shirye nunin faifai. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa sabon abu daga cell division, tare da lalata da suka gabata, zai iya haifar da wannan kuskure gane da fassara bayanai. Duk da haka, wasu daga cikin matakai na rabo a eukaryotic Kwayoyin ba za a iya dangana ga mitosis kuma meiosis. A karin misalin wannan ne tabbatarwa da aiwatar macronuclear division (cell nucleus din ciliates, manyan size), a lokacin da wasu chromosome fata rabo ne duk da cewa da dogara sanda aka kafa su raba.

Mene ne saboda wani wahala da binciken amitosis matakai? A gaskiya wannan sabon abu ne da wuya a tantance kan ta morphological fasali. Irin wannan azama ne unreliable. Rashin iyawa a fili gano a cikin ãyõyin amitosis ilimin halittar jiki tsari kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa ba duk nukiliya kugu, akwai ãyã daga amitosis. Kuma ko da Dumbbell da siffar, wanda a fili da aka bayyana a cikin nucleus din, zai iya kawai dangantaka da mirgina irin. Har ila yau tsakiya constriction iya zama a sakamakon mummunan abu gabanin rabo da mitosis. Mafi sau da yawa da shi ya auku nan da nan bayan amitosis endomitosis (chromosome anya Hanyar ba tare da rabo daga cikin Kwayoyin, da kuma ta tsakiya). Yawanci amitosis aiwatar da sakamakon a wani maimaitawan na cell tsakiya. Maimaitawa da wannan sabon abu Halicci jam'i na cell nuclei. Kamar wancan amitosis halitta Kwayoyin da chromosome kafa polyploid irin.

ƙarshe

Rungumar, zamu iya cewa amitosis - wani tsari a lokacin da tantanin halitta ne zuwa kashi a kai tsaye type, watau nukiliya fission faruwa a sassa biyu. A tsari da kanta ne ba su iya samar da cell division cikin daidaita, m halves. Wannan kuma ya shafi bayanai kan salula gadar hali.

Wannan tsari yana da yawan kaifi bambance-bambance daga cikin lokaci rabo da mitosis. Babban bambancin kan aiwatar da mitosis da amitosis ne ba core harsashi halaka da kuma a amitosis nucleolus, da kuma aiwatar da kwarara ba tare da samuwar da dogara sanda, samar da division bayanai. Cytokinesis a mafi yawan lokuta ba a rarraba.

A halin yanzu, akwai wani karatu na zamani zamanin, wanda zai iya fili gane amitosis matsayin wani nau'i na cell degeneration. Haka ya shafi cikin fahimta amitosis matsayin Hanyar cell division saboda gaban sosai adadi kaɗan na rarraba dukan cell jiki. Saboda amitosis watakila mafi za a kira su tsara matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin sel.