Albert Schweitzer: biography, littattafai, quotes

Fice humanist, Falsafa da kuma likita Albert Shveytser dukan ransa ya kafa misali na sabis ga bil'adama. Ya kasance mai m hali, tsunduma a music, kimiyya, tauhidin. Tarihinsa ne cike da ban sha'awa facts kuma quotes daga littattafai Schweitzer umarni da aphoristic.

Farkon rayuwa da iyali

Albert Schweitzer aka haife shi a wani addini iyali Janairu 14, 1875. Mahaifinsa wani fasto, uwarsa - wani fasto 'yar. Daga farkon yara, Albert tafi zuwa ga sabis a cikin Lutheran coci da kuma wani lifelong soyayya da sauki daga cikin ayyukan hajji na wannan reshe na kiristanci. The iyali yana da yara hudu, Albert na biyu a jere yaro da kuma babban dan. Da yara da aka kashe a cikin wani karamin gari Gyunsbahe. A cikin memoirs, shi ne wata murna sosai lokaci. A shekaru 6 da haihuwa ya aka aika zuwa makaranta, kuma ba za mu iya ce shi ne a yarda a gare shi. A makaranta, ya yi karatu a kaikaice, domin babban rabo mai girma ya samu a cikin music. The iyali ya kasance yawa magana a kan addini batutuwa, mahaifinsa ya gaya wa yara da labarin Kristanci, kowane Lahadi, Albert kuwa shiga wurin mahaifinsa ta rayuwa. A farkon shekarun da yake da shi mai yawa tambayoyi game da jigon addini.

Albert ta iyali ya ba kawai warai addini amma kuma m hadisai. Kakansa shi ne ba kawai fasto, amma kuma taka leda a gaba, ya tsara kida. Schweitzer lissafta sani kusa zumunta baya Falsafa J.-P. Sartre.

samuwar

Albert aka maye gurbinsu da dama makarantu har ya kasance a cikin makarantar sakandare a Mühlhausen, inda ya hadu da "su" malamin, ya ya iya wahayi zuwa gare su da yaron ya tsanani horo. Kuma a cikin 'yan watanni Schweitzer na karshe dalibai na farko. Ya ta shekaru nazari a makarantar sakandare ta ci gaba da tsare karatu music karkashin kulawa na inna wanda ya rayu. Ya kuma fara karanta mai yawa, da so ya zauna tare da shi duk rayuwarsa.

A 1893, bayan kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare, Schweitzer shiga Jami'ar Strasbourg, suka sha heyday. A nan, mutane da yawa matasa masana kimiyya gudanar yiwuwa karatu. Albert ke kai tsaye zuwa biyu ikon tunani: tauhidin da kuma falsafa, kazalika halarci wani shakka a music ka'idar. Schweitzer iya ba biya domin ilimi, malanta ya bukata. Domin rage tsawon binciken, ya tafi kamar yadda wata mai sa kai a cikin sojojin, shi ya ba da wata dama don samun digiri a wani guntu lokaci.

A 1898, Albert sauke karatu daga jami'a, ya brilliantly shige jarrabawa cewa samu musamman malanta na tsawon shekaru 6. Domin wannan, ya zamar masa dole ya kare wata sabawa rubuce-rubucensu, ko za a mayar da da kudi. Ya fara da sha'awar ga nazarin Kant ta falsafa a jami'ar Paris Sorbonne kuma a shekara daga baya samu doctorate, rubuta wani m aiki. A shekara ya kare rubutun a falsafa, da kuma kadan daga baya samu title of licentiate a tauhidin.

A hanya a uku kwatance

Bayan samun wani mataki kafin Schweitzer yana buɗewa kyau kwarai da damar da a kimiyya da kuma koyarwa. Amma Albert daukan wani m yanke shawara. Ya zama wani fasto. A 1901 ya buga na farko da littafin a kan tauhidin Schweitzer: wani littafin game da rayuwar Yesu, aikin Last bukin.

A 1903, Albert samu matsayi na farfesa tauhidin a College of St. Thomas, wani shekara daga baya ya zama darektan na ma'aikata. Lokaci guda, Schweitzer ya ci gaba da tafiyar da kimiyya da bincike kuma zama wata babbar masanin J. Bach. Amma Albert a wannan dama da aikin yi ya ci gaba da tunani game da abin da bai cika da manufar. Ko a shekaru 21, ya sha alwashin cewa har zuwa shekaru 30, ya za a tsunduma a tauhidin, music, kimiyya, sa'an nan ya fara bauta wa bil'adama. Ya yi imani da cewa duk abin da a rayuwar ya samu bukatar a koma duniya.

magani

A 1905, Albert ya karanta wata jarida labarin game da abin da Afirka da aka sorely rasa likitoci, da kuma nan da nan ya dauki mafi muhimmanci yanke shawara a cikin rayuwarsa. Ya bar aiki a kwalejin da kuma shigar da College of Medicine, University of Strasbourg. Don biya kudin makaranta, ya rayayye ba Gabar kide. Saboda haka Albert Schweitzer, wanda biography aka canza da cika fuska, ya fara "sabis don bil'adama." A 1911 ya sauke karatu daga kwalejin, kuma gangarawa zuwa ga sabon hanya.

Rayuwa ga mai kyau na wasu

A 1913 Albert Schweitzer tafi Afirka domin kungiyar na asibiti. Ya yi kadan wajen haifar da manufa da samar da mishan kungiyar. Schweitzer ya shiga bashi domin ya saya a kalla wani m sa na zama dole kayan aiki. Da bukatar kula da lafiya, a Lambarene da aka babbar, kawai don na farko 'yan shekaru, Albert samu 2000 marasa lafiya.

A 1917, a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Schweitzer aika a matsayin dan kasa na Jamus, Faransa sansanin. Kuma bayan da yaki ya kasance shekaru 7 da aka tilasta kasance a Turai. Ya yi aiki a Strasbourg asibiti, to biya bashin ga manufa da kuma tattara kudi domin farfado da aikin a Afrika, bada zuciya da sauransu kide.

A 1924, ya ya iya komawa zuwa Lambaréné, inda ya samu kango na wani asibiti a maimakon. Na kuma na fara a duk faɗin sake. A hankali kokarin Schweitzer asibiti hadaddun ya zama dukan kauyen na 70 gine-gine. Albert kokarin lashe amincewa daga cikin mazauni, don haka asibitin hadaddun aka gina a bisa tsarin na unguwannin. Lokaci na aiki a asibiti Schweitzer yi Alternate da Turai lokaci, a lokacin da ya lectured, ya kide da kuma tashe kudi.

A shekarar 1959 ya zaunar da su har abada a Lambaréné, ya ja da baya da mahajjata da masu sa kai. Schweitzer rayu tsawon rai, ya mutu yana da shekaru 90 da shekaru a Afirka. A batu na rayuwarsa, asibiti, haƙĩƙa, sun shige wa 'yarsa.

falsafancin

A lokacin yakin duniya na farko da kuma Schweitzer fara tunani game da da'a tushe na rayuwa. A hankali, a kan shekaru da dama, ya zata nasa falsafa ra'ayi. Xa'a dogara ne a kan mafi girman expediency da adalci, shi ne a core na sararin samaniya, bisa ga Albert Schweitzer. "Al'adu da xa'a" - aiki a cikin abin da Falsafa ya kafa tushen fahimtar duniya domin. Ya yi imanin cewa duniya da aka kore ta da'a ci gaba da cewa ɗan adam yana bukatar su da su kãfirta da biyayya da kuma decadent "rayar da" gaskiya mutum "I", kadai hanya zuwa shawo kan rikicin, a cikin abin da na zamani na kasar. Schweitzer, warai addini mutum, bai hukunta kowa, sai dai kawai nadãma, kuma kokarin taimaka.

Books A. Schweitzer

A lokacin rayuwarsa, Albert Schweitzer rubuta littattafai da dama. Daga cikin su akwai ayyukan music ka'idar, falsafa, xa'a, Anthropology. Mutane da yawa ayyuka ya duqufa ga bayanin da manufa na rayuwar dan Adam. Da ya gani shi a cikin kin amincewa da yaki da kuma gina al'umma a kan da'a ka'idodinta mutum hulda.

Babban manufa wadda ayyana Albert Schweitzer. "Kuma ku ji tsoron for Life" Hakan aka farko aka bayyana a cikin littafin "Al'adu da xa'a", kuma daga baya akai-akai bayyana a cikin sauran ayyuka. Shi ya ta'allaka ne da cewa daya dole ne ku yi jihãdi ga kai-kyautata da kuma kai musu, kazalika fuskanci wani "m tashin hankali da alhakin." Falsafa da kansa ya zama mai daukan hankali misali na rayuwa daidai da wannan manufa. A lokacin rayuwarsa Schweitzer rubuta fiye da 30 ayyuka da yawa articles da laccoci. Yanzu an sanar da yawa daga cikin ayyukansa, kamar:

• "Hikimar Culture" a 2 sassa.
• "Kiristanci da addinan duniya".
• "Addini a Littafi Culture"
• "Aminci a duniya a yau."

karrama

Humanist Albert Schweitzer, wanda littattafai har yanzu dauke da wani tsarin "xa'a na nan gaba", ba sau daya ya samu da yawa lambobin yabo da kuma lambobin yabo, wadda aka yaushe ciyar ga mai kyau na asibiti da al'ummar Afirka. Amma, mafi muhimmanci daga cikin lambobin yabo ne Nobel Peace Prize, wanda ya samu a 1953. Ta yarda da shi ya bar search for kudi da kuma mayar da hankali a kan kula da marasa lafiya a Afirka. Wannan lambar yabo da ya gina bi marasa lafiya a Gabon kuturu mallaka shekaru masu yawa. A jawabin da ya gabatar a Nobel Prize awarding Schweitzer kira a kan mutane su daina fada, ba up makaman nukiliya da kuma mayar da hankali a kan gano wani mutum.

Sayings kuma quotes

Albert Schweitzer, quotes da faxin abin da suke yanzu da'a shirin, mai yawa tunani game da makomar mutum, ya kuma yadda za a yi duniya mafi alhẽri. Ya ce: "Yã ilimi shi ne pessimistic, da kuma imani - kaffa." Wannan taimake shi ya zama mai idon basira. Ya yi imani da cewa "na sirri misali - wannan ne kawai hanyar da lallashewa," da kuma rayuwarsa don shawo mutane na da bukatar ya zama mai tausayi da alhakin.

Personal rai

Albert Schweitzer aka farin ciki da aure. Tare da matarsa da ya sadu a 1903. Ta zama mai aminci abokin mijinta a hidimarsa ga mutane. Elena sauke karatu daga reno darussa da aiki tare da Schweitzer a asibiti. The biyu 'yar, Rena, wanda ci gaba da aiki na iyaye.