Abin da abubuwa kana bukatar ka yi wani m ga shiga da a kwalejin?

Gina - daya daga cikin mafi dacewa, daraja da kuma ban sha'awa ayyuka a ƙasa. Architect - wani mutum, wanda sun fi mayar dogara a kan yadda ginin zai yi kama, ko yana da wani abin dogara, mai lafiya da kuma dace domin mutane. A gasar daga cikin masu nema zuwa jami'o'i da horar da irin wannan kwararru ne ko da yaushe mai girma, da kuma san abin da abubuwa akwai buƙatar ka kai ga zama wani m, yana so a manyan yawan gaba suka shiga.

An m da wani artist

Wannan sana'a - daya daga cikin toughest. A sakamakon aikin m da babban tasiri a kan mutum yanayin, a bayyanar kananan kauyuka da manyan birane. An misali na babban gine-ginen da suka gabata ce cewa ya yi nasara a cikin wannan sana'a ne ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da jitu hade da m dandano, da sararin al'adu da kuma babban girma da msar tambayar ilmi da m basira a cikin yi kasuwanci.

Wannan abin da abubuwa akwai buƙatar ka kai ga zama wani m, an fi mayar da m by gano wannan sana'a a jamsin na Arts da Sciences. By kyau shiri a cikin ilmin lissafi da kuma lissafi, a cikin wasu kimiyyar yanayin halitta ne kara da bukatar mallaki representational basira. Wannan m zaton kawai tare da fensir a hannunsa. Ya ba zai iya yi ba tare da ikon yin su ideas bayyane da kuma m ga sauran, don haka isa a wani "m" gine da za a yi a ƙofar jarrabawa da jami'a m aiki. Abinda ke ciki na wannan gwajin ne kamar guda a cikin manyan makarantun na profile.

Interior Design, birnin wuri mai faɗi

Samar da wani dadi yanayi domin rayuwa na mutane - babban manufar wani mutum wanda sana'a - da m. Abin da abubuwa akwai buƙatar ka kai don fara horo a wannan sana'a ayyana normative takardu na ma'aikatar ilimi na Rasha. Jihar matsayin wakilci babban kwatance shiri na kwararru na irin wannan profile a cikin abin da takardu ana sanya wa dace lambobin:

• 03.07.01 - Architecture. Bayanan martaba: gine-gine da zane, a birane, shiryawa, sabuntawa zane.
• 07.03.02 - Ma'anar kalmar sake gini da kuma maido da tsarin gine-gine na gargajiya.
• 07/03/03 - Design na gine-gine da yanayi.
• 07/03/04 - Town.
• 35.03.10 - Landscape Architecture.

Digiri horar da a cikin wadannan yankunan, da kuma ake kira gine-ginen da kuma zanen kaya.

Akwai matakai biyu na wasan share fagen shiga - tuzuru da Jagora. Suna da nasu horarwa, tsara don daban-daban lokaci na horo. Wasu specialization (sabuntawa da kuma birane shiryawa) yawanci suna kawai a shekaru biyu majistare, da kuma fara su a cikin zurfin bincike kawai bayan zama da takardun shaidar. Nasarar karatu for 4 shekaru su koyi abin da batutuwa dauki wani m da wani digiri, kuma haƙĩƙa, sun shige m gasar za a iya samu bayan da ci gaban da horo Hakika matakin qarshe na horo.

A Example Metropolitan jami'a

Total Rasha cibiyoyin da kuma ginin da kwalejojin, inda kwararru, gine-ginen, fiye da 20. Rating na makarantun dabam kowace shekara, kuma an fi mayar da m da sakamakon liyafar da suka shiga saki da kuma digiri na biyu.

Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin matakin da koyarwa, da yanayi na ilimi tsari, suna da nasu tarihi da hadisai. Amma akwai wani janar - shi ne abin da abubuwa bukatar dauki zama wani m, zanen, wani m gwaje-gwaje ne masu nema.

Hankula yanayi za a iya nuna ta da misali na daya daga cikin shahararrun jami'o'i a Rasha - Moscow Cibiyar Architecture. Capital Cibiyar Architecture, yanzu da ake kira Jihar Academy, shi yana da kwata-karni al'adar horo gine-ginen daga cikin mafi girma sana'a matakin. Koyo a nan ne babbar ba kawai saboda wuri na jami'a, a tsakiyar birnin Moscow. Daga cikin masu digiri - da yawa shahararren mutane, tabbatar da kanta, da kuma ba kawai a fagen gine.

A shirin na ƙofar Nazarin zuwa Moscow Zanen Institute

A hade da m da aikin injiniya farko a nan gaba sana'a ma'anar domin nema da suka yi sallama, wani aikace-aikace don zabin kwamitin na Moscow Zanen Institute, wanda abubuwa da ake bukata domin kudin shiga ga m. A cikin babban shugabanci na horo - "Architecture" - azurta ƙofar jarrabawa a Rasha harshen da kuma lissafi, wanda aka gudanar da jarrabawa sakamakon da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje na m da kuma sana'a hali - zane da kuma sketching. Isa a "Design na gine-gine da yanayi" dole ne wuce wannan jarrabawa, amma m gwaji shirin (adadi) shi ne daban-daban.

Domin duk jarrabawa bayar ga 100-aya rating tsarin. A kalla a kan Rasha harshen - 36 maki a ilimin lissafi - 27, bisa ga ƙarin gwaje-gwaje - 20 maki. A hali na daidaita yawan maki aikata ta hanyar suka shiga, da amfani a cikin gasar domin kudin shiga ga waɗanda suke mafi kyau bayyana kanta a m tarbiyya, tare da mafi kyau sakamakon a cikin Shirin zanen - mai nauyi shawara.

Creative gwaji - hoto

Don "tsabta" architecture jarrabawa adadi wakiltar biyu ayyuka. A rana ta farko ta isa zana da "kai" - a filastar simintin gyaran kafa na shugaban tsoho sassaka. Antinous, Kaisar, Aphrodite, Socrates - wadannan sunayen suke saba wa waɗanda suka yi taba tsunduma a ilimi zane da kuma ya sani a gaba abin da abubuwa ne na wajibi ga kudin shiga ga m.

View model view - wani al'amari na sa'a: da nema aiki for goma mutane a cikin dakin, domin mai tsananin tsare easel. A zanen gado na lokacin farin ciki takarda aunawa 30x40 cm wajibi ne ga 6:00 nuna ikon gina Hoton daidai ba tare da murdiya ginawa da kuma bayyana ƙarar model, da canja wurin da rabo daga haske da launi.

A karo na biyu jarrabawa juna domin sana'a "Architecture" siffofi da model na lissafi daskararru - wani shigen sukari, wani Prism, wani mazugi, a Sphere, da dai sauransu Daga cikin sa na abubuwa, biyu na wanda ake buƙata, wajibi ne ga 4 chasa yi hasashen volumetric abun da ke ciki. Retains duk da yi Lines gawarwaki - biyu a bayyane da kuma boye yankunan inda suka rarraba da kuma nan gaba ragi. A kan takardar zama da dama embodiments na farko qagaggun. Ƙyanƙyashe - kawai wani taimako ga yaji up hoton.

A cikin shugabanci na "Design na gine-gine da yanayi" ne kashi na farko na m jarrabawa - har yanzu rayuwa zane, abun da ke ciki na dama lissafi abubuwa da na halitta siffofin. Yi amfani da graphite ko gawayi fensir, wani aiki ba to 6 hours. Na biyu 4-hour gwajin - a planar launi abun da ke ciki yi a kan tushen da samarwa jarrabawar saitin wani takamaiman launi. M - wani ruwa tushen saman dasu (gouache ko tempera) a kan takarda.

Jarraba ku fasaha don zana

Sarari tunanin dole ne duk wanda aka janyo ta "m" sana'a. Abin da abubuwa kana bukatar ka yi - shi ne zai yiwu su koyi da za a shirya a gaba, amma idan babu wani m basira a cikin wasan kwaikwayon na orthogonal tsinkaya a kan samarwa hangen zaman gaba, a samu damar yin wani abu kaɗan.

Modern zane aka kashe a wani musamman kwamfuta shirin, da kuma ikon ja Lines ta amfani da T-square ko wani kamfas, ga alama tsaoho. Amma ban da wadannan basira a cikin jarrabawa a kan mãkircin 4 hours dole ne a nuna ta da ikon gabatar da wani hangen zaman view look kamar wani shiri da kuma goyi ra'ayoyi na wani abu, tare da wani sashe na daya daga cikin jinsunan. Kimanta da kuma ka'idojin ilimi a tsararren zane sanya inscriptions, da dai sauransu Speed yana da muhimmanci - kana bukatar ka yanka a kusa da fensir Lines da tawada. Yana da wani hadari ga da yawa ya wuce ƙofar jarrabawa da kuma wanda ya san da abin da abubuwa akwai buƙatar ka kai ga zama wani m, zane da aka mafi wuya mataki.

Daban-daban jami'o'i, irin bukatun

A bukatun for yiwuwa dalibai da suke so su shiga cikin wani "m" architecture, ne high: wani wucewa ci a kan kasafin kudin wurare a cikin Moscow Zanen Institute a 2015 - 328. Duk da haka, da yawan aikace-aikace sanya wa zabin kwamitin na musamman jami'o'i, da ban sha'awa. Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar a filin na gine-gine da kuma related aiki. Akwai siffofin a cikin dokoki na kudin shiga ga cikakken lokaci horo ga irin wannan sana'a. Alal misali, abin da abubuwa akwai buƙatar ka kai ga zama wani m-landshaftnika? Shi ne ma'ana cewa Rasha harshen da kuma lissafi a hankali na jami'a ilimi majalisa kara ilmin halitta ko labarin kasa.

An yi imani da cewa wadannan gine-ginen ne zuwa shekaru 50. Da yawa ilmi da basira zama dole don saya isa saman a cikin wannan muhimmanci sana'a. A halin yanzu taki na rayuwa kamata ba rasa lokaci. Idan ka tambaye a gaba abin da abubuwa bukatar mu yi don zama wani m, kuma za a fara shirya domin 2-3 shekaru kafin kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare, za ka iya samun wani gagarumin goyon baya a cikin sosai farkon hanya zuwa ga nasara.