A321, da jirgin sama - da workhorse

Jirgin sama Airbus A321 na fasaha kayan aiki ne wani ci-gaba kwafin ta m A320. Saki a cikin tsakiyar 90s na karshe karni, shi yana da manyan fasinja da kaya iya aiki. A cewar wani hali tsari, shi ne ba yawa daban-daban daga kafa da jerin. Idan A320 iya safarar fasinjoji 150, tsarin 321 tare da wannan sabis kudin kawo har zuwa 180 fasinjoji. Wannan shi ne na farko na jerin 320, wanda aka ba tattara a Faransa (Toulouse). A taron jama'a shagon na model koma Hamburg.

Masu, Developers, hannun jeri

Domin da karshe mataki na taro na jirgin sama da aka zaba ta hanyar kwatsam Toulouse. Gwamnatin Faransa ne mai babbar m na gudanar, wanda ya fitar da Airbus (iska bas). Na biyu mafi girma m ne "Daimler", wani Jamus kamfanin, wanda ya tattara motoci "Mercedes". A kananan yawan hannun jari suna mallakar Rasha da kuma Spain.

gasar

Kaddamar a farkon '80s version na kafa - da A320, ya zama wani tsanani gasa daya daga cikin rare versions na "Boeing" - "737". Wannan jirgin sama ya ci gaba (bisa ga ma'aunin), Matuka jirgin, gaba daya bita gaban mota. Ba kamar mazan versions, mafi yawansu shi shagaltar da dama Crt shambura. Da zuwan a kan-jirgin kwamfuta a cikin sabon juyi na A321 (jirgin sama) ta samu LCD-fuska.

Wahayi zuwa gare ta nasarar da model 320, Faransa injiniyoyi suka fara samar da wasu versions dangane da shi. Saboda haka akwai 319, 321, da bi, halin da rage ko kara aza-dauke da iya aiki, da kuma 'yan musamman gyare-gyare 320 - daga kasuwanci version to soja kai. Bisa ga jirgin da kuma tuki halaye gasa da 321 model 727 "Boeing". Idan muka yi la'akari da layin na "Boeing", da 747 ne model na wani daban-daban aji, don haka asalin 321 ya kamata ya zama a can, ba tare da samar da gasar. Amma mafi girma irin rawa da gaskiyar cewa Airbus ya a Turai jirgin sama. Wani dalilin da babban matakin gasar ta cewa 320 iyali shi ne na farko a wani aji na "dijital" jirgin sama.

Joystick - wani siffa na Airbus

Bayan ray shambura, Motors daga "Daimler", da A320 an ban sha'awa alama, wanda gaji duk "yara", ciki har da A321. A jirgin sama ba tsaya a cikin saba ji. Maimakon da dabaran matukan jirgi saydstika sun fi mayar da kama da na al'ada kwamfuta joysticks. A farko matukin jirgi (Captain) ya saydstik bar na kanta, na biyu - a kan dama.

Great kama da joysticks a haɗe zuwa gare su da cewa wadannan na'urori ba su da wani kai tsaye dangane da jirage na rudders, ailerons, da sauransu. Tare da sabon ESDU duk ayyuka na matukan jirgin, suna daukar kwayar cutar zuwa kan-jirgin kwamfuta, wanda shi ne hydraulically kanta kulawa jirage, sunã mãsu jũyãwa da matuƙin jirgin ruwa, tsawo bude yatsun, saukowa kaya . ESDU aka farko ci gaba a 1980 musamman domin da 320 model. Ga waɗanda shekara, wannan ya kasance quite wani m bayani. ESDU - lantarki kula da tsarin, wanda tare da ci gaban da 320 jerin da ya tafi hanyar da dama gyare-gyare da kuma a halin yanzu duk iyali jirgin sama sanye take da ta daban-daban gyare-gyare.

Aircraft 320 iyali

Family 320 x Airbus, duk da na kowa yin amfani da aji (matsakaici-kamfanonin jiragen sama), za a iya raba da dama, saukarwa. A319 jirgin sama, kasancewa "kadan wa" version of 320, yawancin yan dako aiki a ciki-Turai flights. A320 kanta da aka sosai kama da flights sarrafa ta "kane", amma ciwon ya fi girma girma da kuma karin kujeru, da ake amfani da karin wa lodi flights. A321 - jirgin da ciwon iyakar load iya aiki da kuma girma, m na dauke da har zuwa 200 fasinjoji a kan hanyoyi na matsakaici da kuma dogon zango, shi ne babba daga cikin iyali model.

A lokaci guda, da jirgin sama irin A321, kamar yadda 320 ko fiye da sabon - 319, 318, da dangantaka da wani tsarin da kunkuntar fuselage, misali kayan aiki wanda yana da guda nassi da uku kujeru a kowane gefe. 2 kuma da nassi 9 a jere na kujerun ne m gyara.

Ba kamar da A319, ya wakilta developers a uku datsa matakan, A321, saki shekaru goma da suka wuce, shi ya dade wani sauki maye 320 Mu, mafi fili da kuma sabo-sabo. Amma bayan da nasara kaddamar da 319 da kuma 318 model a shekarar 2003-2005, canje-canje da aka sanya da kuma 321 da jirgin sama. Daya daga cikin gyare-gyare 319 samu ƙarin man fetur tankuna, wanda sanya shi yiwuwa a shawo kan nesa da kashi daya cikin uku mafi girma fiye da matsakaicin jirgin kewayon da asali model. Bayan da nasara kaddamar da wannan model Ya halitta a sabunta samar da Airbus A321-100 jirgin sama. 200 model ya samu karin iko injuna, da karin man fetur tankuna aft kuma nan da nan ya koma cikin category na dogon zangon-aji.

A halayyar alama na A321-200, ya wuce a cikin sabo-sabo model sun zama bifurcated wingtips, zai muhimmanci ajiye man fetur a mafi wuya da yanayi - kashe da kuma saukowa.

Ra'ayoyin fasinjoji

Kuma abin da suka aikata fasinjoji game da A321 (jirgin sama)? Reviews a cikin wannan yanayin ne sosai na ra'ayin wani, domin ga mutane da yawa kamfanonin, wannan model ya zama workhorse a cikin bin mil, wurare da kuma dauke da iya aiki. Bayanan kula da zumunta shiru a gaban gida, mafi wuya wani ɓangare na jirgin probrel uncharacteristic tawali'u, ko a mutunta mutane da yawa da saukowa, kamar yadda, lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, kuma Yunƙurin dogara da fasaha yanayin filin jirgin sama. Yana da ban sha'awa, da cewa wannan jirgin sama, wanda aka dauke a kai tsaye gasa 727 "American" (bisa ga manufacturer), da yawa sosai idan aka kwatanta da 737 a lokaci guda, sai ga wasu tightness ga tsayi mutane, da sauran halaye ne daidai.

ƙarshe

A ƙarshe za a iya gani cewa A321 - jirgin, wanda aka dauke asali a kwamitin matsakaici-range, ya zama saboda mutane da yawa da kamfanoni da lambar daya jirgin sama. A321 tashi akai-akai, da kuma a cikin wuraren shakatawa na mutane da yawa kamfanonin ne rayayye jostle ya American kishiya - "Boeing."