A tarihin "Mikhail Somov" jirgin ruwa

Tarihi ba zai iya yabi ma'aikatan kawai, amma kuma abubuwa. A cikin hali na teku a can ne mai babbar yawan fice jirãge, waɗanda sunayensu da aka sani a duk faɗin duniya. Amma ba ko da yaushe, da jirgin ya zama mashahuri saboda soja fadace-fadace. Akwai wadanda suka sami notoriety ga sauran dalilai. Shi ne game da jirgin ruwa "Mikhail Somov".

Research Scientist

Fara labarin wannan icebreaker da daraja da sunan da. Kamar mafi yawan sauran jiragen ruwa, wannan ya mai suna bayan sanannen Soviet bincike. Mihail Mihaylovich Somov aka haife shi a 1908 a Moscow. Ya ba haka shekaru masu yawa ya fi so sana'a, ya zama wani likita na Gwargwadon sciences, da kuma a shekara ta 1952 ya aka bayar da Gold Star na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet.

Uba na nan gaba bincike ya farfesa da kifi manoma a daya daga cikin jami'o'i a kasar. Kansa Mikhail Mikhailovich da kuma bayan samun digiri soma koyarwa a can. Tuni a cikin shekaru 30 ya samu damar don zuwa Arctic balaguro.

Mikhail ya iya tsira da Great Patriotic War, aka ko da bayar da wata lambar yabo "Gama Tsaro na Soviet Arctic", "Ga Nasara a kan Jamus a cikin Great Patriotic War na 1941-1945.", Kazalika da da Order of Red Star.

A lokacin yakin da yake shiga a cikin kankara ake gudanar a fadar White Sea flotilla. Sau da yawa taimaki jirgin ta cikin Arctic, kuma daga baya ya kare wani karamin kauye Dixon daga Jamus jirgin ruwa na soja.

Bayan da yaki, Mikhail Somov gudanar a samu a mayar da kimiyya aiki. Ya kare rubutun, gangarawa da iyakacin duniya tashar "Arewa iyakacin duniya 2". A shekarar 1955 ya samu damar zama shugaban farko Soviet Antarctic balaguro. Daga bisani, babu lokaci da aka kwamandan tafiya bincike.

ranar haihuwa

Mikhail rasu a shekarar 1973. A cikin kaka na shekara ta gaba, jihar kwamitin Hydrometeorology da hydrology da Tarayyar Soviet da umarnin a aikin. Sun zama jirgin "Mikhail Somov". Saukar da jirgin ruwan zuwa cikin ruwa kawai a Fabrairu 1975 Wannan lokacin rani, da jirgin aka tashe ta Jihar flag da Tarayyar Soviet. Wannan rana da aka hukumance "haife" na nan gaba nasara na kankara. Da zarar shi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa SRI management na Arctic da Antarctic. Kuma, na farko jirgin a cikin kaka na shekarar 1975.

A farko wahala

A wannan lokaci kewayawa "kankara ƙasar" ya mai wuya da kuma m. Duk da cewa da gantali kasance ko da yaushe m tawagar, shi ne wani al'amari na wajen saba. Kila, shi ya madalla da cewa kankara wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi "Mikhail Somov" ya tafi bisa ikon Allah, kawai da shekaru biyu bayan ta farko da tafiya.

Wannan ya faru a shekara ta 1977. A haƙiƙa na tafiya da aka aiwatar da kuma canja ma'aikatan Arctic tashar "Leningrad." Amma kawai a kan hanyar zuwa manufa hadu da jirgi a cikin kankara cohesion 8-10. Ya tsaya motsi, kawai zai iya fatan for mafi kyau. A kadan daga baya ya fara da farko a cikin "Mikhail Somov" rai Balleny kankara gantali a kan tsararru.

The jirgin ƙungiya bai rasa. Su ma gudanar ya kammala aiki. Bayan kusan watanni biyu na icebreaker ya iya tserewa zuwa daga tarko. Ga 53 kwanaki 'talala, "ya shiga jirgin ruwa fiye da 250 miles.

profile events

Amma hakikanin high-profile events faru ne kawai a cikin shekarar 1985. Sa'an nan da kankara-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi "Mikhail Somov" ya tafi da Ross Sea. Akwai ne dake kusa da tashar "Rasha", wanda ya kasance a cikin bukatar kayayyaki da kuma canza ma'aikata.

Ko to, shi da aka sani cewa Pacific kansu na Antarctica da aka sani na da hatsari "surprises". Ice iri-iri sun nauyi sosai, don haka da jirgin ya shafe lokaci mai tsawo da kuma tashar zo yawa daga baya. Yana da haka ya faru da cewa manufa ya riga ya fara da Antarctic hunturu.

A lokacin da ya zo da sauki. Amma "Mikhail Somov" ba zai iya barin countrymen. A jirgin ya kamata ya sauke da man fetur da kuma kayayyakin, kazalika da canja ma'aikatan.

fara matsala

Bugu da ari events fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa hanzari. A Maris 15, cikin jirgin buga da kankara tarko. Ya tashi a iska mai karfi, da kuma tawagar da aka katange da nauyi kankara floes. Mai karko teku cover ya 3-4 mita lokacin farin ciki. Ya zama a sarari cewa ya fita da sauri kasa.

Yana fara aikin ceto. Yanzu kana bukatar da za a lasafta da taimakon da tauraron dan adam da kuma m bincike kimanin saki kwanakin na icebreaker "Mikhail Somov". A jirgin ruwa, mai yiwuwa, zai iya fita daga zaman talala, har zuwa karshen shekarar 1985.

Baya ga cewa a wannan lokacin da tawagar da za a iya rage muhimmanci a cikin adadin, har yanzu akwai matsala a duk za a niƙa. Bugu da kari, wannan labarin ya riga ya faru tare da "Chelyuskin". Ya bayyana cewa da bukatar samar da wani shirin na samuwar da kankara sansanin, wanda ya kamata ya motsa da tawagar jira ceto.

Agazawar ba wani zaɓi

Daga baya ya zama sananne cewa kusa da aka kama tawagar ya jirgin "Pavel Korchagin". Amma "kusa" isa kayadadden ra'ayi. By da bukatunsu na Antarctica, shi sosai shi ne kusa, amma a gaskiya tsakanin kotuna sun daruruwan kilomita.

A wannan lokaci, kasar labarai tashoshi kawai, kuma ya bayyana cewa, wata tawagar da makoma. Yana da ya wajaba domin ya ceci jirgin "Mikhail Somov". Gantali a kowane lokaci zai iya halakarwa da rayuwar mutane da yawa. Sa'an nan ya fara tabbatarwa cewa jirgin watsi da su su ƙaddara kuma da ajiye wani latti.

A gaskiya, shi ne kawai a jita-jita. Tuni a watan Afrilu, tare da taimakon jiragen sama, mutane 77 a cikin jirgin "Pavel Korchagin" hawa. 53 iyakacin duniya explorers kasance har yanzu a kan jirgin. Sun hada da Kyaftin Valentin Rodchenko. Tuni a cikin May, ya zama a bayyane fasa a cikin kankara a kusa da jirgin. Akwai bege ga ceto. Amma ya zama ko da muni. Iska kuwa ta kwashe jirgin kudu.

taimaka

Tuni a farkon lokacin zafi na shekarar 1985 da gwamnatin yanke shawarar da ya aika a ceto balaguro icebreaker "Vladivostok". A wani al'amari na kwanaki da jirgin ruwa ya zo da taimakon abokan aiki. A kawai 5 kwana a kan wani jirgin ɗora Kwatancen kayayyaki na man fetur, kayan aiki da kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Amma shugaban sojojin, "Vladivostok" wani musamman wuya aiki. Gennady Anokhin da ya jagoranci jirgin don haka abin da shi kansa bai yi ajiye. In ba haka ba, wannan zai yi ƙare labarin da kankara-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi "Mikhail Somov".

Matsalar shi ne cewa da irin "Vladivostok" jirgin karkashin ruwa tsãgi ya kasance kwai-siffa. Wannan ya yi don tabbatar da cewa a cikin hali na hatsarin jirgin da aka fitar da su daga nasu tarkuna. Amma kafin Gennadiem Anohinym aiki ba kawai don samun zuwa "Mikhail Somov", amma kuma da cin nasara da sanannun latitud: da forties da hamsin hamsin, da suke shahara ga su haukata da kuma hadari.

"Vladivostok" nasarar isa New Zealand, har yanzu akwai wani stock na man fetur da kuma tafiya zuwa Antarctica.

shahararren mutane

A tarihin "Mikhail Somov" bayar da wata damar samun Masana irin wannan jarumi maza kamar yadda Artur Chilingarov da kuma Victor Gusev. Da farko a lokacin da yake kai na aikin ceto da kuma "Vladivostok" da aka samun da fursuna. Na biyu - yanzu da aka sani wasanni sharhi. 'Yan mutane san, amma ya aiki ya fara bayan da yanayin da sanannen icebreaker.

To, a lõkacin Chilingarov aka nada a matsayin shugaban aikin ceto, explorers ba burge. Wasu sun bi shi tare da rashin jituwa. Amma shi ke da shi daga baya Gusev ya kare da hukuma. Ya ce cewa ba kawai Chilingarov masanin kimiyya da kuma matafiyi, ya shi ne gwani a filin, da kuma mafi muhimmanci, ya jajirce wajen shi.

Sharhinsa daga baya ya gaya wa wani labarin cewa ta sãme ya zuwa yanzu. Sai dai itace cewa bayan aika da "Vladivostok" New Zealand jirgin ruwa kama hadari. Baya da cewa tawagar da haka ba su saba wa irin abubuwan, jirgin da aka ba shirya domin miyagun weather. Icebreaker nĩsantar daga gefe zuwa gefe. Uku rana explorers sha wahala daga tashin zuciyar teku. Cook gagara aikata wani abu. Kawai Chilingarov zare jiki koma kusa da jirgin, shirya, idan wani ya tambaye.

Wata masĩfa masĩfa

Duk da yake cikin jirgin "Mikhail Somov" tsira kamar yadda iya, "Vladivostok" da aka har yanzu fafitikar da hadari. A wannan lokaci, da ganga na man fetur, wanda tawagar lashe a New Zealand, fara wanke overboard. Chilingarov sanar iyakacin duniya explorers cewa idan za su rasa 50% na man fetur, za su iya rike a ga fursunonin, amma idan 51%, sa'an nan da jirgin zai yi komawa.

Gusev ta tuna da cewa duk wanda ya sami damar tsaya a kan ƙafafunsa, garzaya zuwa ƙulla da ganga. Kuma wannan da aka yi wa abin da ya yiwu. A sakamakon haka, an gano cewa, kasa da rabin rasa man fetur, da kuma sauran ya isa ya sami zuwa "Mikhail Somov".

Sadaukarwa saboda

Abinci da man sosai ya bai isa ba. Team ya fi ajiye albarkatun, ba kawai don tsira da kansu, amma kuma ajiye abokan aiki. Aka yanke shawarar zuwa wanke da kuma wanka kawai sau biyu a wata. Domin kwana da matukan jirgin da kuma sa'an nan tsaftacewa fitar da dunƙule da rada kankara. Mun ya zama kamar yadda hankali, saboda a kan gungumen azaba da aka ba kawai nasa rai, amma kuma abokan aiki.

A watan bayan aika da "Vladivostok" ya iya samun zuwa "Pavel Korchagin" jirgin ruwa. Yanzu hanya da aka gudanar a kan dizal-lantarki "Mikhail Somov". Mako guda baya, da fursunoni samu to MI-8 saukar ungulu da cewa kawo a kan jirgin likitoci da kuma dole albarkatu.

Jaruntakan da ƙarfin zuciya

Kafin jirgin ya game ɗari biyu kilomita. "Vladivostok" da dama a cikin wani kankara tarko. Viktor Gusev har yanzu ya tuna min da yadda jirgin ya ƙungiya fito a kan kankara. Tare da babbar jirgin ruwa da aka saukar da wata igiya. The ƙungiya yi kyau, fara a ta anga da kuma fara rocking jirgin. Wannan aiki an riga an yi amfani da a iyakacin duniya, watakila nasara. Amma tawagar kwato wannan lokaci ya ba sa'a.

Irin abubuwan ba za a iya watsi da. Nature yanke shawarar bayar da damar ga tuƙi, da kuma da safe da glaciers bar "Vladivostok" kadai. A iyakacin duniya babu lokaci bar ko da farin ciki. Yana da ya wajaba domin ceto abokan aiki.

Events cikin tarayyar Soviet gan a Antarctica. Yuli 26, a 9 am Chilingarov tare da tawagar kai kãmamme "Mikhail Somov". Biyu sa'o'i bayan da jirgin okololi kuma dauki wayoyi.

Mun ya hanzarta. Antarctic hunturu iya kama duka biyu crews da mamaki. The jirgin "Mikhail Somov" da za a cire daga cikin nauyi kankara. Kusan 3 makonni icebreakers daga cikin bude teku, da kuma bayan 6 kwanaki da suka samu zuwa Wellington, inda suka yi maraba da gaskiya heroes.

sabon Kasadar

Yana da haka ya faru da cewa "Mikhail Somov" aka ƙaddara ga wata uku lokacin da za a samu a cikin kankara gantali. Haka ya faru ba a lokacin da ya dace - a shekarar 1991. bazara ƙungiya tafi agazawa da "Matasa" tashar. Akwai ya kwashe explorers a kan jirgin cikin jirgin ruwa. Amma a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa gida ya sake wani fursuna na kankara. A tsakiyar watan Agusta, da matukan jirgin, ya tafi zuwa ga ceto na tawagar.

Dole na yi koma daukacin ma'aikatan baya a kan "Matasa" tashar. Kuma kawai kamar wata kwana, Il-76MD iya saki 190 explorers. The jirgin ci gaba da za a kama a tarko dama har zuwa Disamba 28. Don taimaka masa don haka ba wanda ya zo, shi ne saboda da wuya halin da ake ciki a kasar. Kuma idan "Mikhail Somov" ya iya tserewa zuwa a kan nasu, Tarayyar Soviet ta ko da yaushe ya kasance "a karkashin sanyi siyasa kankara".

A cikin sahu

A 2000 da ya gudanar da gyara da jirgin ruwa da kuma aika shi a zubar da cikin Arewa UGMS. Don wannan rana, "Mikhail Somov", wani photo na wanda ya zauna a cikin memory na da yawa, shi ne amfanin explorers. A lokacin farko bayan shekara ta Tarurrukan, ya yi ya yi nasara biyu tafiye-tafiye, ya idar da kaya zuwa iyakacin duniya tashoshin.

A shekara, wadannan expeditions sun riga bakwai. Bugu da kari ga goyon bayan flights koma da gudanar da bincike. A 2003, da icebreaker tafi a kan tafiya a kan shirin "Pechora - Shtokman 2003", da kuma sanya wani tafiya zuwa Arctic domin samar duk dole bincike.

Domin shekaru 16 ya sanya da dama daga flights cewa an hade ba kawai tare da iyakacin duniya tashoshin, amma kuma tare da bincike ayyuka. Yanzu ya kai kayan aiki da kayayyaki zuwa tashar da iyaka posts, kazalika da taimakawa, wajen gudanar da binciken na Arctic teku kankara. A jirgin da nuna alfahari riqe da sunan sanannen masanin kimiyya Mikhail Somov, da kuma ci gaba da yin taimako ga kimiyya.

karrama

Icebreaker, kamar sanannen mai bincike, aka kuma girmama tare da lambobin yabo. Bayan wani tsanani da kuma m balaguro 1985 "Mikhail Somov" karbi Order of Red Banner kwadago domin kasancewa a kan 133 kwanaki heroically tsayayya da gantali a cikin kankara a Antarctica.

A lokaci guda, ya aka bayar da master na jirgin ruwa Valentine Rodchenko: ya zama Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Kada ka manta game da sauran ya ƙungiya.