A paradox - wannan shi ne ... The paradoxes kimiyyar lissafi. A ka'idar paradoxes

An fara daga zamanin da, mutum ya yi kokarin fahimtar da duniya da su wuri a cikin ta. Amfani da ma'ana tunani, tambayar hankali na mutum ƙoƙarin samun jigon da interrelation na abubuwan da mamaki. Modern ilmi daga mutãne - shi ne sakamakon kusan goma shekara dubu na painstaking bincike na duk abubuwan da abin da masu bincike da fuska da waje duniya.

Mene ne wani paradox?

A tsawon lokaci, bude ilmi, samar da wani karin cikakken fahimtar da tasowa na events ko mamaki. Duk da haka, duk da wannan, akwai ware lokacin da wani abu ke faruwa, amma ba zai iya samun wata ma'ana bayani. A duniya ta yau, irin wannan sabon abu kimiyya nufin da paradoxes. Fassara daga Girkanci "paradox" (παράδοξος) - wannan shi ne wani m, m. Wannan definition fito da wani dogon lokaci da suka wuce, a sãfiya da mu wayewa. Kimiyyar zamani ce da paradox - shi ne halin da ake ciki, ko kuma taron, wanda aka halin babbar alama na gaskiya da cikakken rashi na wani ma'ana bayani na sakamakon.

Tasowa paradoxes ne ko da yaushe m da kuma mamaki tunanin mutum na da sabani da shubuhohi. Duk da babu wani bayani, da mutumin da aka ƙoƙarin samun da kuma magance matsalar kafin shi. A tsawon lokaci, wasu paradoxes rasa matsayi unexplained da kuma mayar da su a fahimtar ma'ana filin. Next, mun shãfe a kan wasu a matsayin tukuna unexplained a yau "duhu" sasanninta ilmi. Muna fatan cewa da lokaci zai zama bayyananne abin da ya ta'allaka a baya shi, kuma abin da yanayi da kuma kaddarorin da mamaki.

paradoxes kimiyyar lissafi

Physics - da kimiyya, wanda shi ne mai arziki a cikin paradoxes. Aka sãme su a fagage daban-daban na kimiyya: thermodynamic, hydrodynamics, jimla makanikai. Mun bayar da misalai na wasu daga cikinsu m gabatar style karatu.

1. Archimedes paradox: wata babbar jirgin iya gudãna a cikin 'yan lita na ruwa.
2. Tea leaf paradox: bayan hadawa duk shayi shayi ganye tattara a tsakiyar kofin, wanda shi ne saba wa mataki na centrifugal karfi. By ta mataki, dole ne a mayar da su cikin ganuwar. Amma wannan ba ya faru
3. Mlemby paradox: ruwan zafi a karkashin wani yanayi zai iya daskare sauri fiye da sanyi.
4. D'Alembert ta paradox: jikin siffar zobe siffar ba sami juriya a lokacin da motsi a cikin wani manufa m.
5. A paradox na Einstein - Podolsky - Rosen: m daga juna ne juna events.
6. Schrödinger ta cat: da jimla paradox. A cat ne a jihohin biyu (Half Past Matattu) idan dai ba mu kalle shi.
7. Black rami bayanai paradox: da bayanai da aka hallaka lokacin da buga ta a baki rami.
8. Asalin paradox: Duk da yake tafiya ne wata tambaya na lokaci da asali - abubuwa ko bayanai.

Akwai wasu, sosai m paradoxes kimiyyar lissafi.

Ina kuma iya a paradox?

A babban adadin "duhu" ilmi akwai a fannoni daban daban na rayuwar mu. Yana za a iya samu a kwakwalwarsa, lissafi da kididdiga, lissafi, sunadarai. Bugu da kari, akwai falsafa, tattalin arziki, shari'a, Psycho-jiki paradoxes.

Tare da fahimtar da yiwuwa na motsi a cikin lokaci a cikin wani shugabanci (a rubuce kimiyyar zamani ya tabbatar da wannan yiwuwar) ambaliyar ruwa zuba m ƙarshe hade da irin tafiya. Alal misali, a sanannun kakan paradox. Ya ce, da idan ka koma baya a cikin lokaci da kuma kashe kakanka, za ka ba za a haife shi. Haka kuma, ba za ka iya kashe kakana.

Jimla kimiyyar lissafi - da mulkin paradoxes

Da zuwan wani sabon Trend a cikin yawan kimiyyar lissafi paradoxes muhimmanci karu. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, yana yiwuwa ko dai su yi imani ko ba su sani ba. Jimla kimiyyar lissafi ba ya goyon bayan data kasance sananne dokokin da kuma kunshi m paradoxes da suke saba wa mu kowa hankali. Alal misali, daya barbashi iya fallasa zuwa wani ko da kuwa da nesa (jimla katsalandan). Einstein ta paradox - Podolsky - Rosen ya hada da ba wai kawai sabon abu karin dogaro da juna barbashi yanayin, amma kuma rashin yiwuwar lokaci daya ji daga cikin matsayi da kuma jihar da na farko barbashi. A takaice, jimla kimiyyar lissafi ne dauke da sarauniya na mulkin m.

"The dabaru ba tare da dabaru"

Ina kuma, m events da kuma mamaki? Bari mu shiga cikin ilmin lissafi da kuma ta ka'idar yiwuwa. Very shahara ne Monty Hall paradox. An farko sanya jama'a a shekarar 1990.

Sunansa a cikin girmamawa daya daga cikin wasan kwaikwayon gabatar, inda player iya zabar kofa, bayan da boyewa da kyauta. Idan muka bayyana a cikin sauki sharuddan, da halin da ake ciki shi ne kamar haka: a lokacin da wani player ta sauya selection bayan manyan tsari, canza hanya na kara aukuwa. Ko da yake ka'idar yiwuwa, sakamakon dole ne suna da daidaitawa chances. Domin a more cikakken fahimtar dubi ginshiƙi cewa nuna sakamakon da zabi na player da su dangantaka. Matsayin mai mulkin, da paradox - wannan shi ne wani m sakamakon cewa ba za a iya bayyana ta dabaru. Hall paradox ba kawai misali na mai ma'ana musu tare da gano yanki daga ka'idar yiwuwa. Mun samu fiye da dozin unexplained da kuma ban mamaki. Alal misali, biyu m events zai zama yanaye dogara, idan daya daga cikinsu ba ya auku. Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira Berkson paradox.

A takaice, paradox - wannan, sãɓã wa jũnamai samu da kuma sa ran sakamakon.

Zai yiwu yanayin da ya faru na m events: ka'idar paradoxes

A duniyar kimiyya a yau ya ci gaba da magance yanayi da kuma jigon wannan mamaki. Akwai wasu da zaton cewa ba da damar da wanzuwar "duhu" na ilimi a fannoni daban daban na bayani.

• A cewar wani sauki kuma mafi araha version suka bayyana saboda bai cika ilimi na sunadaran ko yanayin lissafi mai tsauri ko ma'ana kafuwar tunani.
• A cewar wani version, shi ne amfani da wata hanya domin gina da bincike ne ba daidai ba, amma a wannan lokacin shi ne quite m. A sauki sharuddan, ba mu da ba daidai ba a yi amfani da ma'ana tunani, amma a yau wannan salon ne da amfani sosai ga mutãne. Kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanya da wayewa, da ke faru a baya, amma wadannan canje-canje dauki wuri zare jiki da kuma hankali.
• Akwai wani jarrabawa bayanin dalili na paradox. Ya ce cewa idan muna fuskantar wani paradox, shi yayi magana akan predetermination na nan gaba.

Bayani ne kamar haka: idan wani qaddara sabon abu a nan gaba, mutum ba zai iya canza ko shafa shi, ko da kuwa su hikima da fahimi. Saboda wadannan abubuwan faruwa, a wasu lokuta, da sakamakon wanda zai zama saba wa ma'ana fahimtar.

ƙarshe

Ba za mu iya fili ce abin da real hanyar irin wannan m events ko mamaki. Duk da haka, za mu iya cewa don tabbatar da cewa paradox - wannan "engine" na ilimi. Fuskanci m sakamakon, masana kimiyya da dama, kuma masu bincike tafi a kan wani dogon da wuya hanya a search na gaskiya na duniya, da wuri a cikin ta.