A fannin Greenland, sauyin yanayi, yawan jama'a, birni, flag

A wannan duniya tamu, akwai wasu qasashe daban-daban tare da harshe daban-daban, al'adu da kuma sauran halaye. Amma 'yan kaxan daga wanda aka located a kan tsibirin, kuma su ne ko dai mutum kasashen ko m cin gashin. A fannin Greenland ya nuna babbar zama ruwan dare a jihar zuwa ranar, located a kan mafi girma a tsibirin na duniya. Amma wannan ba kawai factor cewa stimulates yawon bude ido.

asali bayanai

Ina Greenland? Its gaba an wanke ta biyu tekuna: Arctic da Atlantic.

Shin wani tsibirin kusa da Eurasian nahiyar. Rubuce, Greenland ne wani ɓangare na Denmark, amma a gaskiya - shi ne babban cin gashin cewa yana da fairly m hakkokin-kai gwamnati. Basics ne:

1. A total yanki na Greenland 2.166.086 sq. km, amma saboda duk wannan "dũkiya" kawai 340 dubu. km ^₂ dace da rayuwa ba, tun ba su da kankara.
2. A tsibirin gida ce 57.000 mazaunan, tare da 90% na su - da Inuit, "titular" al'umma wanda mambobi rayu a nan tun a tarihi mai nisa. Saboda haka Greenland yawan ne kama isa.
3. A babban birnin kasar ne dake a cikin birnin tare da wani sabon abu da sunan ga wani Turai Nuuk.
4. The hukuma harshe a shekarar 2009, shi ne a molo, kafin ta dace da Danish.
5. Greenland flag - ja da fari da'irar a kan wannan bango. A launi makirci haka ibãdar Denmark.
6. The kawai hukuma kudin ne Danish krone.

Idan kana so ka kira wani a Grecia, da bugun kira code - (299).

Lokacin da aka bude?

Amma a lokacin da wannan ban mamaki tsibirin liyãfa a ta weathering iya gasa da Antarctic, shi aka fara buɗe?

A farko da aka sani da tunani Dates baya ga shekara 875. Ya gano tsibirin Icelander Gunnbjørn Fjeld. Ina mamaki da abin da ya kawai ya bayyana samu, amma ba daidai maps da sauran umarnin bai bar, saboda tudu da aka auku. Sa'an nan kuma, 'yan mutãne sun san inda Greenland, da kuma na musamman sha'awa ne samu ba sa. The sau sa'an nan aka dami, da Vikings hankali nasara sabon yankuna ...

Kawai a cikin 982, a bakin wannan ban mamaki ƙasar a karon farko zo da wani Icelander Eirik Road. Shi ne ya yi ya ba da sunan zuwa tsibirin. Saboda haka, shi ya fara aiki ci gaban da wannan yanki.

A mulkin mallaka na tsibirin

A cikin shekara ta 983 da aka kafa na farko Icelandic mallaka, wanda dade har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 15th! Duk da haka, a kan daidaita, shi ya kamata a kara da cewa sauyin yanayi a lokacin da aka, Oddly isa, shi ne softer. Saboda haka, "kore kasar" Greenland aka mai suna ba da damar, saboda lokacin rani ya fi tsayi, kuma da iska zazzabi ya mafi girma.

Saboda haka so "kaura" akwai mutane da yawa. Hudu ƙarni (daga 13th kuma 17th), wannan ƙasa mallakar Norway, amma daga baya ya zo karkashin Danish iko. A 1814, Danes karshe narke cikin jam'iyya (wani abu kamar hadin kai da kwangila) tare da Norwegians, da kuma zama cikin tafin kafa masu na tsibirin. A 1953, Greenland hukumance ba da matsayi na "Part na ƙasar Mulkin Denmark," amma mutane kansu "kore kasa" wannan shi ne ba da gaske yarda.

Ban sha'awa da kuma m labarin da mulkin mallaka na tsibirin da Vikings. Daga cikin shekara 983 da kuma har tsakiyar 12th karni, lalle, sun kasance sosai aiki a shirya da dama na ƙauyuka. Amma ba zato ba tsammani sai wani abu ya faru jim kadan ƙauyuka derelict, da kuma Vikings tsallake daga wadannan gaba. Abin da ya faru?

Har kwanan nan, da shiriritar sa a gaba sosai har zuwa m. Amma a 'yan shekaru da suka wuce na iya dauke da labulen halin asiri climatologists. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, daga 10th to 11th karni BC a tsibirin sauyin yanayi da yawa milder, dumi lokaci dade ya fi tsayi, kuma a wasu wurare a bakin tekun, bisa ga rubutun d¯a, ko da ripening alkama. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wani kaifi sanyi karye, saboda abin da Vikings zaɓi ya fita daga nan.

The siyasa management na wannan shari'ã kasar daukawa majalisar dokokin kasar da kuma firaministan kasar. Bugu da kari, yawan mutanen Greenland na da hakkin ya zabi biyu wakilan, wanda ba murya da maslahohin da tsibirin a cikin Danish majalisar.

m 'yancin kai

Gudanar Nuwamba 25, 2008 raba gardama kulla da 'yancin kai na yankin. Gaskiyar cewa tsibirin ta yawan zabe da yawa da kuma gwaji canje-canje a cikin hukuncinSa. A musamman, shi ne to da cewa Greenlandic zama tafin kafa harshe, da kuma shari'a da zartarwa rassan samu cikakken 'yancin kai. Yau, za mu iya gaskiya zaton cewa Greenland flag tashi a kan 'yancin kai na kasar. Duk da haka, 'yancin kai ya kawo mummunan sakamakon - Denmark daina ba da taimakon kuɗi da tattalin arzikin tsibirin fiye da $ 600 miliyan a kowace shekara.

Hukumance raba gardama guzuri zo cikin karfi a tsakiyar shekara ta 2009, kuma tun daga nan duk yanki Greenland - shi ne ainihin cikakken da kuma gwada da m jihar. Abin lura shi ne cewa, tare da kungiyar tarayyar Turai da kuma yan unguwa ba ci gaba dangantaka.

Bisa ga ƙa'ida, tsibirin har yanzu ya kasance wani bangare na Denmark, amma shi ba ya kasance a cikin EU. Tun da aka kafa tsibirin cike take fada da lokaci ya zama wani ɓangare na wani united Turai. Dalilin shi ne mai sauki: mafi m, Greenland a cikin wannan hanya Kare 'yancin kai na da kansa kamun kifi da albarkatun, waxanda suke da, in ba haka ba, to zai isa kamar yadda Norway da Denmark. A halin da ake ciki siyasa ne da wuya isa a cikin wadannan sassa, da kuma a wasu fannoni ko siga.

Tattalin arziki da kuma yawon shakatawa

Greenland ta tattalin arzikin yau dogara ne a kan kama kifi. Hakika, akwai sauran bege ga hakar ma'adanai, kamar yadda a tsibirin akwai adibas na polymetallic ores. Wannan kawai yawon shakatawa, wanda dogara sosai 'yan magoya bayan cikakken' yancin kai na yankin, shi ne underdeveloped. Babban dalilin - matsananci sauyin yanayi, da kuma kudin na yawon shakatawa da yawa babbar sha'awa tsakanin yawon bude ido haddasawa. Saboda haka Greenland - wani matashi kasar, amma ya taurare matsaloli.

Iska zirga-zirga da kuma sauran kai

A garin tare da wani hadadden kira Kangerlussuaq ne mafi girma a filin jirgin sama a yankin, tushen a Amurka Air Force tushe yankin na Cold War. Duk da bayyana sauki, girman filin jirgin sama ne quite ko da ba ka damar daukar duniya flights.

Bugu da kari, za ka iya samun zuwa tsibirin, kai wani jirgin fito sabis daga cruise kamfanin Hurtigruten. Cities a Greenland kanta ma juna branched cibiyar sadarwa Ferry. Idan kana bukatar sauri, ya kamata ka yi amfani da sabis na kananan jirgin sama Air Greenland, wanda ke da mallakar dama jirage da kamar wata dozin kai jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Road mota a kan wata babbar tsibirin - komai ba, game da 150 kilomita (da kuma waɗanda suke a cikin birane). Kullum, Greenland - kasar ne ba a mota. A total akwai game da dubu uku rajista motocin, mafi yawa SUVs da kuma kashe-hanya kayan aiki.

manyan birane

Nuuk (a baya birnin da aka kira Godthab) - babban birnin kasar Greece, wadda aka kafa a 1728, da Danish mishaneri. Shi ne mafi girma a birnin a tsibirin, inda wurin zama na karamar hukumar. The mazaunan wannan ban mamaki wuri na wargi da cewa a nan akwai wani bazara mazaunin Santa Claus. Idan akai la'akari da wurin da Grecia a kan taswira, a cikin wannan sanarwa, akwai wani ɓangare na gaskiya.

Ilullissat (da sunan - Jakobshavn), located a kan gaba na bay tare da "electrifying" Disc sunayen sarauta. Amma wannan wuri - mai tsanani, saboda ruwa mai tsabta da aka wuya gani saboda yawan icebergs. Af, a cikin wadannan sassa aka haife akalla 1/10 dukan icebergs cewa za a iya gani kashe bakin tekun na Greenland. Zai yiwu birnin watakila ita kawai, damar taƙama da ciwon akai ambaliya na yawon bude ido.

Yana an haɗa da ba na gaskiya ba kyau na gida garin kankara duwãtsu, wanda jawo hankalin mutane daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido kawai saboda wannan kuma gano inda Greenland taswira.

Kangerlussuaq dogara ne a kusa da gleiser na wannan sunan. A nan ne ne mafi girma a filin jirgin sama a Greenland. A zahiri a cikin birni za ka iya kullum duba Garkunan barewa. Har ila yau, a kan tituna sau da yawa ganin iyakacin duniya hares da Foxes. Idan ka fitar da kawai 25 kilomita bãya, za ka iya ganin kyakkyawan gleiser Russell.

Qaqortoq (da haihuwa, sunan birnin sauti kamar Yulianehlob) kafa a 1775. Mafi kwanan nan, ba da nisa daga birnin iyaka, archaeologists sanadin tuntuɓe, a kan gawar wani Viking yarjejeniya tare da coci, wanda Dates daga farkon karni na goma. A garin Unartok iya iyo a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi da kuma ji dadin nuni da gida dutse sculptures.

Umanak - daya daga cikin mafi musamman ƙauyuka a wadannan snow-rufe asashe. Shi ya ta'allaka ne a hayin Arctic Circle, amma a nan matsakaicin yawan rana kwanaki. Daga May zuwa Agusta a wadannan wurare ba da rana, amma saboda yawon bude ido akwai yalwa da kayayyakin lokaci wanda za a iya ciyar a kan wani na sosai jarrabawa na kewaye yankin. A wani karamin gari akwai wani abun lura gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya tattara mutane da yawa kayayyakin gargajiya da cewa gaya game da rayuwa a Greenland.

gani

Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa kusan duk na gida jan hankali ne na halitta asali. Alal misali, daya ne kawai zai iya kimanta da size da kuma girma da na icebergs, daya daga abin da ya jawo mutuwar almara Titanic. Kullum, Greenland kankara rufe game da 80%, kuma ta kauri ne uku kilomita. Ganin cewa Greenland yanki a sq. km ne 2166086, shi ba wuya a gane abin Cyclopean adadin daskararre snow ne a nan!

Masana kimiyya sun lasafta cewa idan kawai gida narke kankara (ba a ma maganar da Antarctic), da duniya teku matakin zai tashi zuwa akalla bakwai mita. Kuma ga alama cewa duk da wannan ke. Amma saboda da xumamar masana kimiyya a kai a kai sarrafa su sa m binciken: a shekarar 2005, da masu bincike sun iya samun wani sabon yanki na ƙasar, wanda aka kira "The mai tsanani tsibirin." An located 'yan dari kilomita daga tekun na Greenland. Masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa kankara gada dake haɗa shi da tsibirin, kawai narke a cikin shekaru 20-30 da shekaru.

Gunnborn ne wani dutse a gabashin-fi na Greenland (Gunnbjorn). Its saman da aka hauhawar kan tsibirin ga fiye da 3.5 kilomita. Kuma shi ke kawai da wani ɓangare cewa ke bayan ƙarni-haihuwa kankara kauri! Kusa ne duniya ta mafi tsawo Fjord, Scoresby Sund. Wannan matsatsiyar yankan cikin kauri daga ƙasar kawai 350 kilomita!

Gleiser Sermeq Kujaleq. Zai yiwu, saboda shi za ka iya ziyarci "kore kasar". A shekarar 2004, UNESCO hukumance hada wannan "yanki na kankara" a cikin jerin of World Heritage shafukan. Amma me ya sa irin wannan daraja? Ganin cewa Greenland yanki a sq. km ne quite manyan, tare da 80% na shi - kankara, ko mai yawa da hankali ga daya gleiser? Sai ya juya daga cewa akwai, domin shi ne da gaske musamman.

Its yankin - fiye da uku murabba'in kilomita miliyan, da kuma a shekara a Disko Bay Ruwa tsãgewar ƙwãyar kashe daga shi fiye da dubu 40 cubic mita kankara. Gleiser kanta ne kama da wani babban kogi na tsarki kankara, wanda aka rarrafe a farfajiya na Greenland wani kudi na game da 40 santimita a kowace rana. Lokacin da tip kai Disco kankara samuwar, kankara tayar da shi Greenland.

A sauyin yanayi a Greenland

A yanayi ne mai kauri - Arctic da subarctic marine. A cibiyar tsibirin, ya bada hanya zuwa Arctic nahiyar. Complexities ƙara cyclones, saboda abin da yanayin zai iya canza kusan nan take. Akwai ko da yaushe "tsalle" da zafin jiki da kuma iska canji shugabanci sau da yawa a kowace awa. Tun lokacin da kankara a cikin wannan yankin maida hankali ne akan wani yankin da ya fi girma fiye da dukan United Kingdom, ta wuce kima nauyin sa subsidence na bawo, saboda haka cewa tsakiyar ɓangare na tsibirin a 360 mita kasa (!) A teku surface. Saboda haka, Greenland, da sauyin yanayi mai tsanani da kuma m, fi son mai karfi na ruhu da kuma Hardy mutane.

weather halaye

Winter ne halin da m cyclones da manyan adadin hazo. Duk da haka, da yawan zafin jiki ne m, a watan Disamba yana da wuya rage wa -8 ° C. A watan Janairu, a bakin tekun - daga -7 ° C. A halin da ake ciki ne daban-daban a kudu karshen, inda hunturu suna kullum gyarawa zafin jiki na -36 ° C. A watan Fabrairu, yanayin da bai dulmuya, kai har zuwa -47 ° C (cikakkar m - -70 ° C). Kawai sa, akwai da yawa warmer a wasu yankuna na Mars!

Zai fi kyau a ziyarci wannan yankin daga watan Mayu zuwa watan Yuni. Idan ka so hunturu, amma da yawan zafin jiki ne a kasa -50 digiri ba ya roko, da tafiya za a iya shirya tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Spring ne da adalci mai girma: da sanyi kamar yadda akwai m, da kuma arewacin tan tabbas ne. Iska zazzabi ba safai ba da dama a kasa -10 ° C. Abin da yawon bude ido da za su gamsu da most tsibirin - Greenland - a lokacin rani?

Kamar yadda dusar ƙanƙara, wanda a watan Yuni ne ba nadiri. A rani weather nan kuma shi ya zama gaba daya unpredictable. M iska, har ya gudu daga 60-70 m / s. Mafi lokaci zuwa ziyarci tsibirin - daga tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa farkon watan Satumba. A kwanaki ana samun ya fi tsayi, kuma tundra jũya a cikin wani wuce yarda da kyau wuri: a nan, miliyoyin furanni Bloom, akwai dadi berries.

Har yanzu a kan daidai wannan lokacin a shirin na "samu" na Greenland? Amsar ne bayyananne: shi duka dogara a kan yanayin yawon shakatawa fifiko.