A abin da shekara ta kasance babban birnin Kazakhstan Astana? Wane birni ne babban birnin kasar kafin?

Modern Kazakhstan - a farfado tsoho steppe Akmola, inda shahararre birni - Astana.

A abin da shekara Astana ya zama babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan? Kuma ga abin da dalilai? Babban dalilin da ya ta'allaka ne da cewa tsohon babban birnin kasar ya zama matsala a muhalli sharuddan, amma kuma a cikin m wuri - a cikin kudancin kasar.

Ka tuna kadan tarihi na ci gaban Kazakhstan.

Tsohon babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan, XV-XVII karni,

Lokacin da Astana ya zama babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan? Kafin ta fara shi, a cikin ƙasa akwai lokatan da yawa abubuwan tarihin.

Yana da matukar m cewa a cikin tarihi na Kazakhstan (ciki har da lokacin da Kazakh Khanate) ya 9 manya. Gaskiya, wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance cikin manya na kawai kamar wata shekara. Kowane wakiltar wani musamman milestone.

The sosai farko - cikin tsohon birnin da Suzak (1465-1469). Bayan rasuwar Khan Abulhair babban birnin kasar da aka koma daga. Yanzu Suzak - wani karamin kauye da ke kudancin yankin.

City Sygnak kuma sau daya ne wata babbar cinikayya da craft cibiyar a kan shahara ãyari hanya. Yanzu a kusa da mazauna a sararin bushe steppe, overgrown tare da ƙaya da saxaul.

Next babban birnin na Turkestan (Iasi) - ruhaniya da kuma siyasa na tsakiya na Turks. Babban birnin na Kazakh Khanate, ya kasance a karshen na XVI karni da kuma shi ne har zuwa 1630s. Wannan ya faru a lokacin da wani ɓangare na Kazakh Khanate haɗa da ɗaukacin yankin na Syrdarya yankin. Yau birnin - cibiyar da hajji ga musulmi.

Ko Tashkent (yanzu babban birnin kasar Uzbekistan), lashe a 1586 da Kazakhs, a 1630 (kamar) ya zama mazaunin Kazakh Khanate, kusan shẽkara ɗari.

Babban birnin kasar na XVIII-XX ƙarni

A tarihin birnin Semey (Semipalatinsk yau) ya fara a cikin shekara 18th na XVIII karni. A tushe na gari hade da sunan Tsar Bitrus I, wanda ya bayar da umurnin a kan kariya daga ƙasar gabas da kuma farkon gini na soja kufaifan Priirtyshskaya. Har ila yau, wannan birni da aka sani wuri na hijira (XIX - XX karni) siyasa hankalinsu na Rasha Empire.

A farko sansanin soja da aka kafa a Orenburg a 1735 (a shafin na yau Orsk) - sansanin soja a kogin GPL. A birnin da aka kafa a 1743. Ya matsayin babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan zauna dogon a lokacin da RSFSR.

Tun shekara ta 1925, a kan 2 shekaru, kuma ya yi babban birnin Ak-Masallaci a cikin Syr Darya River, sai aka sake masa suna Kyzyl-Orda (ja babban birnin kasar).

Tsohon babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan - Almaty

Daga shekara ta 1929 zuwa 1998, babban birnin jamhuriyar ita ce birnin Almaty. A site na gari a cikin X-XIV ƙarni akwai wani shiri na Almaty. Daga bisani, a 1854, a nan ka koyi Rasha Cossacks. Manyan-sikelin yi ya fara a 1927, lokacin da birni samu matsayi na mulkin kai na babban birnin kasar. Kuma wannan rana ta zauna ita wata babbar cibiyar al'adu a kasar.

Babbar zirga-zirga kaya hanyoyi, babban yawan (mutane miliyan 1.5.), M gine-gine, wanda ba da damar ci gaba da bunkasa cikin birni ba sosai m muhalli da yanayi (daya daga cikin mafi matsala cikin sharuddan birane da lafiyar qasa) - duk wannan ya haifar da wani canji a cikin babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan .

A abin da shekara ta kasance babban birnin Kazakhstan Astana? A tarihin ta ci gaba

M manyan Akmola matakan sun dade shahara ga da cewa suna da wani wuri inda da dama interwoven wayewa da kuma al'adu. A dangane da wasu na kasa da kasa, siyasa da tattalin arziki hali a 1997, da jamhuriyar babban birnin kasar shi ne birni na Akmola (yanzu Astana), dake a cikin zuciya daga cikin shahararrun Kazakh steppe.

M matakan Kazakhstan a cikin wadannan yankunan ma tsakiyar Eurasian nahiyar. Sauya babban birnin samarwa da shugaba Nursultan Nazarbayev na sarki Kazakhstan. A musamman rawar da nasa ne da sararin free ƙasar, a tsakiyar kasar domin ci gaba da kuma ci gaban birnin.

A tsawon tarihin sabon babban birnin kasar ne kuma bambancin. Akmola aka kafa a abin da shekara? Astana ya zama babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan, a dama, saboda ta cancanci da shi. City da tsohon sunan da aka kafa a 1830, memba na yakin Borodino (Cossack outpost). Riga daga baya wannan sansanin soja ya girma da kuma samo asali a cikin wani babban birni.

Astana - wani gari tare da wannan sunan (a translation) "White shrine." The kalmar "Akmola" in Kazakh yana nufin kuma "White Kabarin". Wannan sunan da aka saboda located ashirin kilomita daga birnin guda sunan da fili, wanda a saman wani farar ƙasa tudun ne kabarin wani gida duka.

A 1998, Akmola aka sake masa suna zuwa Astana. Tun daga nan, ta - cibiyar da zamantakewa, siyasa da al'adu rayuwa a kasar.

Yanzu birnin sunan yana nufin - "My Gida". A abin da shekara ta kasance babban birnin Kazakhstan Astana? In mun gwada kwanan nan. Amma ga irin wannan gajeren lokaci da babban birnin kasar Kazakhstan ya juya a cikin wani ban mamaki, kyakkyawan zamani birni. wani yanki na 200 sq. km. Astana a kowace shekara ne mafi zama na zamani da kuma m.