Zanen "Young zane-zane" I. I. Firsova

fenta ta Sahaban ce cewa, mafi yawan aikin da za'ayi ta hannun Ivana Ivanovicha Firsova, ya samuwa ga majami'u, Cathedrals da sinimomi. Sau da yawa, a panel wannan artist za a iya samu a ciki na arziki iyalan gidajenku. Duk da haka, da mu sau mun sauko kawai 'yan daga cikin ayyukansa, daya daga wanda ke da zane "Young zane-zane". Bugu da ƙari, tare da tarihi, kazalika da rai na mahalicci ba da kansa, yana da alaka da mafi ban sha'awa da kuma m events.

I. I. Firsov: biography

A daidai ranar haihuwa ba a san Firsov, amma da aka haife shi a kusa da 1733 a birnin Moscow, cikin wani iyali na 'yan kasuwa. Dukansu uba da kakan Ivan da wani kai tsaye hali a kan art - suka tsunduma a cikin m itace carvings da kuma kayan ado kasuwanci. Shi ne daga gare su, kuma ya tafi zuwa ga waliyyinsa ga gwaninta a fagen zane.

Da zaran ya bayyana cewa matasa Firsov ya sosai a fili predisposed zuwa da irin wannan aiki, da iyali majalisa da aka yanke shawarar aika da shi zuwa aiki a St. Petersburg. Da isata, nan gaba artist m a kan kammala aiki, inda yake da hannu a cikin kayan ado na gine-gine da kuma manyan gidãje.

A shekaru 14 (a wannan shekaru) Firsov shiga sabis na Office na gine-gine, a lokaci guda koyo da kuma masu tasowa da basira da zane-zane. Talent Ivan ba zai je kada a gane - aikinsa ne ganin darajarsa Catherine II na kansa, kuma ta nace a kan m horo, da kuma ba kawai ko ina, da kuma kasashen waje, a Faransa.

A 1756, Firsov shiga cikin Royal Academy of Paris, da kuma riga akwai wani babban har wahayi zuwa gare ta aikin na Faransa painters. A mafi girma da tasiri a kan shi ya Chardin rubuce-rubuce da zane-zanen da suke nuna Genre scenes: hoto Ivana Firsova "Young zane-zane" mafi baƙi da aikin da manyan mukaman mai neman na hakika.

A dawowarsa daga Faransa (tsawon 1758-1760 gg.) I. I. Firsov zama kotun fenta. The daraja ya samu, yafi ta hanyar ado handwritten bangarori daban-daban wasanni da kuma productions. A kadan daga baya, Ivan ya zama daya daga cikin manyan ma'aikatan na Directorate na mallaka Gidajen Silima.

Abin baƙin ciki, a karshe shekaru na zane-zane da aka sani sosai kadan. A wannan batun, gwada wasu daga cikin tarihi data da kwanan wata na ambaci Firsov, masana sun ce bayan da ya rasu a 1785. A cewar wasu facts, da artist iya da kyau kawo karshen kwanaki a cikin gidan domin mahaukaci, kamar yadda karshen rayuwa sha wahala wasu shafi tunanin mutum da kiwon lafiya da matsaloli.

Ivan ya yi isasshen yawan ayyukan yi ga oda management, kazalika ga nobility. Duk da haka, kadan ya tsira da mu sau. Zanen "Young zane-zane" a lokaci guda, kuma tattaunawa game da yadda iyawa mallaki Firsov, kuma kamar yadda bai ba da damar mai zurfi kwarewa duk abin da Ribar aikinsa. Lalle ne kawai: shi ne mai real fitacciyar a filin na Genre zanen.

Description na zanen "Young zane-zane"

A abun da ke ciki kan yanar gizo ne mai sauki, kuma a lokaci guda cewa su yau da kullum ban sha'awa. A mayar da hankali ne a kan adadi uku: a sosai matasa mai zane-zane, da yarinyar da mahaifiyarta. A yaron a blue uniform zaune a kan kujera, daya kafa a kan wani easel da paints wani hoto na wata yarinya a gaban shi. Duk da sabõda annashuwa matsayi, ya mayar da hankali ne, kuma m game da zama.

Amma ga matasa model wanda ado a cikin wani ruwan hoda dress da wani haske hula, shi ne cewa da duba shirye su gudu, su yi fiye da ban sha'awa abubuwa. Wannan yanayin, kamar a kan jin kunya, kuma ya zo ta hanyar a ta hali - ta manne mata mahaifiyarsa, a hankali, ya sanya hannu a kusa da ita 'yar ta kai. The mace a lokaci guda tare da daya hannun kuma rike da soothe da kadan yi kusunniya, da kuma na biyu didactic razana ta yatsa. Duk da haka, shi ne, ba yanzu, da kuma cikin wasu inuwõyi na tashin hankali - da bayyana tsananin daga cikin mahaifiyarsa ya aikata ba tsanani.

Baya daga cikin mutane da kansu, a cikin wani dakin cike da taushi da haske, kamar yadda su ne wasu daga cikin abubuwan muhimmi a cikin bitar da kowane artist: a fasa, mannequin, wani akwatin na Paints da goge, kamar wata hotuna a bango.

Pastel da ba rasa su kada ɗanɗanonta ya gushe tare da nassi na lokaci, da sautin, da yanayi jin dadi da kuma annashuwa rayuwar yau da kullum - wannan shi ne abin da za ka iya kammala bayanin irin zane "The Sun zane-zane". Mãkirci shi ya wuce tare da m zafi, kamar yadda evidenced da gaskiya cewa zanen da aka ba da aka rubuta a oda, da kuma "kurwa" a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu ji.

tarihi zanen

Zanen "Young zane-zane" da aka kammala a 1768 a Paris. Wannan zanen bayyana a m jerin ayyuka a cikin wannan salo. A lokacin da rubuce-rubuce na "Sun artist" Firsov Bugu da kari, irin wannan ayyuka za a iya dauke wasu daga cikin hotuna da kuma Shibanov Eremeneva gaya game da rayuwar manoma.

Af, har farkon XX karni shi aka yi imani da cewa zanen da aka ba su halicci Firsov. "Young zane-zane" - hoto wallafa A. Losenko, wanda yake ƙoƙarin nuna wannan sunan sa hannu a gaban. Duk da haka, masu sukar bai kwantar da hankali har sai da lokacin da a 1913, a lokacin da jarrabawa ba a yanke shawarar kawar da aforesaid sunan karkashin wanda shi da aka samu da kuma sunan I. I. Firsova.

A lokacin, da zanen "Young zane-zane" da aka adana a cikin Tretyakov Gallery, inda ta kasance saboda da kafa gidan kayan gargajiya - da m Pavel Tretyakov, kwacen gida masana'anta daga wani haraji ga Bulls karshe sunayen a 1883

Home zanen matsayin Genre da halaye

Rasha Academy of Arts a lokacin rubuta Firsov ya shahara aiki, shi za a iya ce, ba a gane da Genre a matsayin irin zane a cika, ciki har da low-Brow. Wata kila wannan al'amari ne ma dalilin cewa aikin na lokaci mai tsawo kashe a cikin bitar, a cikin abin da wahala Ivan Firsov.

Zanen "Young zane-zane", duk da wannan, duk da haka na ga haske, kuma yanzu ya dauki mafi daukan hankali misali na Genre zanen na XVIII karni., Kuma darajar da shi daga wannan kawai yana ƙaruwa.

A zanen a Rasha art

Babban bambancin ta'allaka ne a masana'anta a ɗĩmuwa. An rubuta tare da soyayya, ba tare da kasancewa batun wani gane litattafansu dokokin. Image scenes daga rayuwar yau da kullum, ba tare da ƙawa, wuce kima tsananin kuma ya kiyaye da canons - wancan ne abin da masu sukar faye hali zanen "Young zane-zane". Mutane ba su matsayi, su ne m, a da sauki, cewa ya ba a duk hali na Rasha art na lokaci.

Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa na dogon lokaci, babu daya da wani tarayya, tare da cewa wannan aiki za a iya za'ayi da hannu da mu compatriot. a fagen art masana ya tabbatar da cewa Paint hoto don haka ba alaka da events a Rasha a cikin XVIII karni. bisa ga ruhu cewa Halicci m ra'ayi na bukatunsu da atypical.

Sauran zane-zane I. I. Firsova

Duk da haka, da aikin a tambaya - shi ne ba abin da ake bar mu a Legacy Firsov. "Young zane-zane" - wani hoto na hannun wannan master a cikin Genre, shi za a iya ce kadai, amma akwai wani kiyaye zane. Shi ne ake kira "Flowers, kuma Fruit" kuma shi ne mai ado panel, baya housed a cikin Catherine Palace. Rubuta biyu ayyuka a cikin gaba daya daban-daban style, amma duk da haka sun kasance a cikin goga na Ivan Ivanovich, da nuna versatility da kuma asali na da basira.