Yadda aka kwata 'yanci na Prague (Prague ayyukan)? Prazhskaya tiyata: sakamakon

A sakamakon da Prague aiki, da Red Army 'yanci babban birnin na Czechoslovakia, kuma haka kammala yakin duniya na biyu a Turai. A garin da aka barrantar da Wehrmacht tilasta Kashegari bayan rattaba hannu kan yi sallama na Jamus.

a kan Hauwa'u

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1945 Berlin da kuma Prague aiki shi ne karshe guitar da shan kashi na Nazi gwamnatin a Turai. Lokacin babban birnin na Jamus ya mika wuya, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Czech ya ba tukuna aka shafi cikin yãƙi. A Soviet sojojin da aka jiran da domin ya ci gaba a kan Prague. A karshe mataki na yaki da dukan Turai ya zama wani cake da aka raba tsakanin lashe kasar. Ga wasu lokaci akwai tattaunawar game da wani yiwu hari a kan Prague, da American sojojin. Amma a ƙarshe koma Czechoslovakia a cikin Sphere na da tasiri na Tarayyar Soviet.

A yamma na May 8, lokacin da Jamus High umurnin ya riga ya sa hannu da kayan aiki na sallama a Prague shiga Soviet ultimatum. Nazis ci gaba da birnin karkashin iko, shi aka samarwa da mika wuya wassu sharudda. Da aka ba su a rana don ganin yana kan. m aiki fara a taron na gazawar. A Prague kungiyar na Wehrmacht ya muhimmanci. A nan a karshe line tsaya wani rukuni na sojojin "Center", wanda shi ne dukan biyu da rabi na yaki janye daga Tarayyar Soviet. A cikin duka, birnin na da game da 900,000 Nazi sojoji da kawayensu gudu zuwa Prague daga ko'ina cikin liberated Turai.

aiki kungiyar

Lokacin da pre-aiki shirye-shiryen ga Soviet umurnin musamman da hankali biya zuwa halittar manyan manyan bindigogi kungiyoyin. By farkon na karshe da ya faru an tattara game da 6000 bindigogi da kuma rokoki. A karshe mataki na yaki da Red Army ya ba wani software matsala. Na yi ba togiya, kuma wannan aiki. Prague hari tare da watsi da 2nd Air Army, umarta ta Janar Stepan Krasovsky. kusan 2000 da jirgin sama da aka tura a kan babban line, don tallafa - ko da 400.

All yanke shawara game da definition na size amfani da sojoji, ja-gora daga cikin 2nd da 4th Ukrainian fronts. A da "kasa" himma, wanda shi ne kawai bayan la'akari "a wuri" affirmed rates. Abin da, daga ra'ayi na kungiyar, an wuya wannan aiki? Prague, kammala "kai" na Great Patriotic War "jimlar" a wani m kara. Alal misali, sojojin na 1st da 2nd Ukrainian fronts yi regroup a kamar kwana uku. A game da nesa na 100-200 kilomita kuma, wata babbar taro na mutane.

bi Fara

May 6 bincike na Red Army ruwaito cewa makiya ya fara da wani tsari ritaya daga Czech yankunan dake a nesa na game da 100 kilomita daga Prague. Soviet sun fara bin abokan gaba. Rearguards Wehrmacht kau- kuma warwatse gaba raka'a 1st Ukrainian Front. Prague gudanar, sakamakon abin da suka ga ainihin karshen yaki, ya mai bi na gudu Jamusawa. Mun arfafa su yi tsayayya quite 'yan. Sun kasance mafi yawa mutane suka yi ĩmãni da aminci Nazi akidar da kuma yanke shawarar cewa, a yanayin da faduwa a yakin da kasar su har yanzu ba su da rasa.

Babban dabarun don halakar da maƙiyi ya zama mai iko dunbin naushe a kan sãsanninsu na abokan gaba. Saboda haka da Jamus, ba kawai wasu amma kuma an yanka, zama kasa mai hadarin gaske. Tasiri tabbatar da hulda da Red Army. A farkon wannan aiki sun m 2nd da 4th Ukrainian fronts, sa'an nan da 1st da 2nd. tankuna harin da aka gaggãwar, duk da cewa sun yi aiki a cikin gandun daji na mountainous ƙasa. Su koma 60-100 kilomita kowace rana.

A wannan rana (May 6) 4th Guards Tank Army ya riga kusa da gangara na Ore Mountains. Shi ne mai duka daga wani m shugabanci Dresden, wanda a yarda kewaye da 40,000th ra'ayoyi na Wehrmacht a Breslau. May 7 fara da m sojojin na da 2nd Ukrainian Front. 7th Guards Shumilova sojojin nan da nan m ta hanyar da Jamusanci defenses da kuma ci gaba zuwa nesa na 12 kilomita. A daidai wannan lokaci, sojoji na 4th Ukrainian Front, ya yi yaƙi domin Olomouc - wani muhimmin kai cibiya cewa alaka dukan Jamhuriyar Czech.

Kubuta daga Prague

The m gaba na Red Army a kan dukkan sassa na gaban demoralized riga rasa bangaskiya cikin nasarar da fascists. Amirul Jamus sojoji a babban birnin na Czechoslovakia ya Ferdinand makirci. Ya yi umurni da fitarwa na yamma. Jamus fĩfĩta sallama wa Amirkawa maimakon Tarayyar Soviet. Shirya wani ritaya a Prague fara ranar May 9th. Duk da haka, sosai da ewa ba zai daina iya sarrafawa da wani kuma ya juya a cikin wani stampede.

A halin yanzu, yajin kungiyar na 2nd Ukrainian Front m wani maƙiyi Lines. Ta ci gaba zuwa kilomita 60, kafa iko a kan Znojmo. A hagu reshe na sojojin a kan banki na Danube da kuma fara motsa tare arewacin gaci, Fitar da Jamusanci rearguard. A lokacin wadannan kwanaki uku na Soviet Air Force tashi fiye da 7000 sorties, goyon bayan hari Ukrainian fronts.

Da kwato birnin

May 9th na 1st Ukrainian Front shiga Prague. Yanzu da Red Army da kuma wakilan da tsaro da sabis ba ba da Jamus ya karya fita. A wannan Aka taimake ta Czech ƙungiyõyinsu a gabãninsu, suka san birnin da kewaye yankin ne mafi alhẽri kasashen waje.

Gabas na Prague, kewaye da fiye da 50 ƙungiyoyin bayyana. Waɗannan su ne babban sojojin abokan gaba. Jamus da sojojin suka disorganized, su kwamandoji rasa wasu iko a kan ƙasa da. Run kama da Amirkawa gudanar kawai a wasu ƙungiyoyin, na ga rukuni na sojojin "Austria".

kafa ROA

Prague m aiki da za'ayi ba kawai a kan Wehrmacht, amma kuma da ROA - Rasha Liberation Army. A wannan samuwar sun Soviet hadin gwiwar, a farkon yakin da suka tafi da hadin gwiwa tare da Jamus. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1945 ROA yanke shawarar fitad da yamma, saboda haka kamar yadda ba su fada a hannun Soviet hukumomi.

Iya 12 da aka kama da shugaban sojoji na Janar Vlasov. Ya kuma wasu jami'an ROA aka dauka a Tarayyar Soviet. Akwai, suka kokarin da hukuncin kisa. ROA talakawa sojojin da suka da aka kama a lokacin aiki a Prague, mafi yawa ƙare har a sansanonin da kuma gudun hijira.

Last juriya

A saurã daga cikin mãsu bãyar da bãya SS sojojin da aka kashe a daren May 12. Yaƙin da aka rasa da kuma shugaban karamar hukumar "mutuwa squads" Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghaus. Wannan karshe kungiyar da aka hada da rarrabuwa "Das Reich" da "Wallenstein".

Da suka isa kan iyaka da Amirkawa da baya a kan May 9 sai suka ƙi su yarda da sallama na hijira. Sa'an nan cornered Jamus halitta a kananan garu sansanin. Maraice na 11 Za su kai hari kan wasu jami'an tsaro daga jama'ar kasar Commissariat na tsaron kasa na Tarayyar Soviet. Ba da da ewa shiga Red Army. By da safe na May 12 wannan na karshe Nazi naúrar da aka halaka. Kamar wancan ƙare Prague aiki. Shekara, mazauna birnin a cikin kwanaki na anniversaries biya haraji ga Soviet kahon. Su sunayen da aka ba tituna da kuma wuraren shakatawa. Marshal Konev, wanda ya jagoranci m ayyukan, aka sanya wani girmamawa jama'a na birnin Balti.

Asara da kuma sakamakon

shi ne wannan aiki ya ga miliyan biyu Red Army sojoji da m kasashen (Poland, Romania da kuma Czechoslovakia), karshen yaki. A Prague Jamus tsaron wata matsananciyar yunkurin 'yan raka'a ya karya fita. Duk da haka, wadannan rikicin sa a manyan hasarori - duk a cikin yaƙin kashe 12 dubban Red Army.

A 'yan kwanaki da aiki sassa na Soviet gudanar ya halaka ko kama game da 860 dubu sojoji na Wehrmacht da SS. A zaman talala suka 60 generals na Army Group "Center", da sauransu. Yana da aka kama da 9500 ganima bindigogi da kuma rokoki, dubban jirgin sama, 1800 tankuna da hari da bindigogi, da kuma sauran daban-daban da makamai da kuma kayan aikin soji.

Mayu 11 Prague ayyukan zo wani ma'ana ƙarshe. Soviet soja kai layi na lamba tare da Amirkawa. Yana da aka gudanar a kan iyakar kasar da garuruwan Chemnitz da Plzen. Tun Czechoslovakia na shekaru masu yawa yana cikin Soviet fanni na tasiri. Tsarin mulkin kwaminisanci da aka kafa a kasar. A jihar shiga cikin Organization of cikin Warsaw yarjejeniya.

Operation na 1945 da kuma 1968.

Saboda kara aukuwa a gurguzu Czechoslovakia sukan idan aka kwatanta da aiki a Prague (1945) da kuma aiki na Prague Spring a 1968. A karshe daya lokacin da ya fara da Soviet gwamnatin hõre a cikin babban birnin kasar shi ne kasar Slavic sojojin, jayayya ta yanke shawara, "an daidaita da siyasa halin da ake ciki." A shekarar 1968, a Czechoslovakia, dukan shakka sun m gyara, wanda bai son shugabanci da Tarayyar Soviet, kamar yadda su sakamako zai iya zama hanyar fita daga cikin Czechoslovak kwaminisanci tasiri.

Prague Spring, "Operation Danube" da kuma m events sun zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na Cold War. Yau, da Czech hali zuwa events a shekarar 1945 da kuma 1968. kawai kishiyar. A farkon yanayin, da Soviet sojojin zo zuwa Prague kamar kahon daga Nazis, kuma a karo na biyu, wannan rundunar sojojin tank waƙoƙi murƙushe da mulkin demokra] iyya da yanci na mazauna Czechoslovakia.