"Wolf a kan Kennels." Fable IA Krylov

Wannan wallafe-wallafen] ensa, kamar almara, aka haife 4000 da suka wuce. Wani labari mai mahimmanci wanda ya dace ya ƙunshi ainihin ra'ayin - halin kirki. Ivan Andreevich Krylov ya kawo wannan nau'in zuwa wallafe-wallafen Rasha. Idan masu faɗakarwa na farko - tsohon tsohon marubucin Helenanci Aesop, marubucin Jamus da dan wasan kwaikwayon na XIX karni Lessing - sun fi son tsari, to, dukkanin labaran Krylov an rubuta shi ne kawai a cikin nau'i. "Wolf a cikin kennels" - wani labari na m abun ciki, rubuta a cikin shekaru na Great Patriotic War of 1812 shekara a lokacin da mamayewa na Napoleon ta sojojin da su walãkantarwa jirgin daga bakin dāga.

Yana da halayyar cewa a makaranta makaranta akan wannan aikin ba a koyaushe ba ne tare da tunani akan daidaituwa da tarihin tarihi, wanda akwai manyan haruffa biyu: Chipper - kwamandan Mikhail Ivanovich Kutuzov, Wolf - Napoleon. A halin yanzu, yana cikin wannan mahallin wanda ya kamata ya gane "halin kirki na wannan fable". Binciken da ake yi akan "Wolf on the kennels" sau da yawa ana aikatawa a wani lokaci, an gabatar da aikin ne a matsayin wani labari game da kullun da ba shi da kyau, wanda, "yana tunanin zuwan cikin tumaki, ya shiga gidan kisa". Akwai matsala mai ban mamaki, karnuka suna faɗakarwa cikin yaki, kuma Wolf yana zaune a cikin damuwa, "ya ɓoye a kusurwa da baya," ya fara fara magana game da maƙwabcin kirki. Amma ba za ku iya wawa Lovcha ba: ya san irin wukin wuka da kyau, amma ya tafi duniya, "kawai ya cire fata daga gare su."

Artistic nufin amfani da I. A. Krylovym, a fili haifa da yanayi na soja fadace-fadace, da jihar na hankali da aka kama a tarko kerkẽci, kazalika da fushi mazaunan kennels, wanda ya nuna up uninvited baƙi. Shin zamu iya kwatanta rikice-rikice tsakanin masu kare Arewa da kuma mai tsaurin kai, wanda a cikin hatsari ya fara komawa hanya kuma har ma yayi ƙoƙari ya gyara - abin da ba kurkuku ba a cikin kurkuku? Maɗaukaki abu ne mai banƙyama, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga wani labari mai ban sha'awa ko labarin tarihi.

Mene ne Wolf a kan Kennels? The labari ya bayyana a real tarihi al'amari na Patriotic Yaƙi da Napoleon. Sanin cewa Rasha ba za ta iya dame shi ba, sarki ya yanke shawara ya tafi duniya tare da Kutuzov. Duk da haka, waɗannan shawarwari ba su faru ba, kuma duk wani ƙoƙari na kawo karshen zaman lafiya zai kasance cikin nasara. An ci sojojin dakarun abokan gaba kuma sun gudu cikin kunya, suna daskarewa a cikin dusar ƙanƙarar Rasha kuma sun rasa dubban mutane. Wannan yana da launi da kuma kwatantaccen rubutun cikin hoto mai suna "Wolf on Kennels". An rubuta tarihin a cikin shekara mai ban mamaki na 1812.

Fabulist ya ba da halittar da sojojin da babban kwamandan Kutuzov. Labarin ya nuna cewa Mikhail Ivanovich, yana zagaye da tsarinsa, ta hanyar karanta wa 'yan jaridar "Wolf on Kennels". Labarin ya ƙunshi waɗannan kalmomi: "Kai mai launin toka, kuma ni, aboki na, launin toka." A wadannan kalmomin Kutuzov ya cire kullunsa da kullun kuma ya nuna kansa. Babban sha'awar da sojoji suka yi da shi ba shi da iyaka.

Babban ma'anar wannan fable yana da gaskiya sosai kuma a bayyane yake cewa marubucin ba ya bin shi tare da bayanan gargajiya - "halin kirki na wannan fable shi ne wannan". Wanda ya kare gidansa da ƙasarsa, don samun nasarar ko kuma ta riƙe da wasu kwarewa ba zai yiwu ba - wannan shine dukan dabi'a na fagen "Wolf a kan Kennels." Yana da maras lokaci. Domin ya kasance dace da wannan rana.