Wimbledon: tarihi, description, al'adar

Tennis - daya daga cikin mafi aristocratic wasanni. Wannan shi ne sun fi mayar saboda Wimbledon, yana da 130 shekaru na tarihi da kuma tsare su hadisai zuwa wannan rana. Shi ne daya daga cikin hudu mafi babbar Grand Gasa gasar, aka gudanar All England tennis da kuma croquet kulob din.

A kadan tarihi

Yana duk fara a watan Yuli na 1877, a lokacin da ƙasa na kulob din, a kudu maso yammacin London (wuri Worple Road), da aka gudanar na farko a cikin gasar wasan tennis, wanda ya samu halartar mutane 22. A gasar da aka gudanar kawai ga maza a aure. A lashe ya zuwa sami kyauta na 35 guineas, biya kawai daya daga cikin gasa. 'Yan wasan gasar a kwana 4, da kuma wasan karshe janyo hankalin 200 kallo, wanda ya ba da wasu kudaden shiga ga masu shirya. A farko zakara, shigar da sunansa a tarihin gasar, ya kasance wani gida shago Spencer Gore.

Tun 1884, a kotun akwai waje na farko mahalarta da kuma gasar shirin ne complemented mace da biyu. A farko nasara sun Maud Watson kuma Renshaw yan'uwansa, ya dauki gubar for 'yan shekaru. A 1913, da shekara-shekara na gasar na kasa da kasa Tarayya da aka bai da matsayi na duniya gasar (akwai uku) a kan tushensa. Gasannin da aka katse kawai a lokacin farko da kuma duniya na biyu Wars, zama da gaske taro spectacle.

Tun 1922 gasar ya canza wuri, amma ya kasance a cikin London yanki - Church Road, inda Center Kotun at 13 da mutane 500 da aka gina. Masu kallo lured gudanar da daban-daban lotteries. Interest a cikin gasar ya karu a 1937, lokacin da na farko TV watsa shirye-shirye da aka gudanar. Wakilai daga cikin gurguzu kasashe sun shiga su shiga a cikin gasar a cikin shekaru 50. Tun da 1967, na farko Wimbledon tennis gasa da aka bude don kwararru, hankali samu matsayi na daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci gasa a cikin net.

Kotunan, da shafi

Yau, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tennis hadaddun 19 kotuna da ciyawa. Tsakiya, tare da yawan masu kallo a cikin 15 dubu mutane, da kuma Kotun №1, ya gabatar a 1928, kawai makonni biyu da amfani a kowace shekara a lokacin gasar battleships. A gasar shi ne shafa da kuma Kotun №2, colloquially da aka sani da hurumi na zakarun, kamar yadda ta yankunan sau da yawa sha kaye 'yan wasa. A Center Kotun a shekarar 2009, gina ta da wani zamiya gini a yanayin saukan ruwan sama. Wutar lantarki ba a yi amfani da, don haka da wasanni suna taka leda ne kawai a rana.

A ciyawa da aka aza a Rolls, shi ne musamman girma a Yorkshire. Gona abun da ke ciki ne ba bayyana. Mun dai san cewa Lawn aka yi sama da hatsin rai da kuma fescue biyu iri, don kula da mutane 14 karkashin jagorancin wani agronomist, a matsayin wanda yake sosai babbar. Sward tsawo - 8 mm, cewa a kan irin wannan shafi wasa tennis. Wimbledon ya shahara ga da cewa a ko da yaushe gammaye tashi tattabarai, wanda a lokaci daya halaka su da wata shaho. Yanzu amfani da mafi m hanyoyi.

A abun da ke ciki na

Na makonni biyu, Wimbledon zama wani wuri na gasar ba kawai sana'a 'yan wasan wasa a biyar lambobi, amma yayanka da tsofaffi, kazalika da keken hannu masu amfani. Har 1924 da suka gabata zakarun sun kawai zagaye na kira, amma bayan da mulki canje-canje da aka shuka 'yan wasa da kuma zana a kan kasa-akai, a cikin abin da masu cin nasara da daidai da yanayi tare da sauran' yan wasa. Tare da gabatarwar a shekarar 1973, ranking ATP sun daina domin sanin abun da ke ciki na teams da halartar kasa tarayyar.

Wimbledon ne daban-daban daga wasu a cikin wannan seeding 32 'yan wasa ba ya dogara ne a kan hukuma ranking, amma daga sakamakon wasanni na' yan wasa a kan ciyawa kotu, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A bisa ga al'ada, a lokacin 3 makonni a kan Hauwa'u na Wimbledon gasa "Masters" series shirya domin wasan a kan ciyawa - ya fi sauri tanis hankali tare da low billa na ball.

hadisai

A gasar da aka gudanar a karkashin taimaka daga gidan sararta na Burtaniya, don haka bambanta a wasu conservatism da tsananin kiyaye da hadisai. Shirya ba tashi daga ranar da take kaiwa da kidaya daga 1 Agusta a ranar Litinin. Ana kirga 6 makonni, don haka gasar 2016 ya fara a ranar 27 ga watan Yuni. Arena da filaye suna ado a kore da kuma magenta, kamar yadda su ne da aikin hukuma gasar. 'Yan wasan da ake bukata don bayyana a wani farin dress tare da wani karamin yawan abun da ake sakawa na pastel tabarau. Mahukunta koma zuwa namiji mahalarta ne tsananin da sunan, to mata - tare da prefix "Miss" ko "Mrs".

Traditional idi a Wimbledon - goma strawberries tare da cream. Yana kawo daga Birtaniya gonaki, inda musamman girma ga baƙi. Tun da kau da isar da amfanin gona da kara kasa da rana daya. Ga gasar lokaci jan game da 150 dubu faranti.

ban sha'awa facts

Male nasara sami kyauta a cikin wani nau'i na kofin gilded azurfa. Mata - a azurfa tire. Amma babban abu - shi ne monetary diyya, wanda o ƙarin tabbatar da kara a kowace shekara. A shekara ta 2016 Wimbledon tãyar da kyauta kudi ta 5%. A sakamakon haka, shi ne daidai 28,1 fam miliyan (game da US $ 41 miliyan). A nasara a aure - Birtaniya Endi Marrey da American Serena Williams - samu a total na 2 fam miliyan. Wannan daidaito kaiwa da Countdown to 2007, ko da yake da yawa kwararru la'akari da shi m, saboda maza ciyar a kan kotu a 2 sau mafi Playing lokaci.

Tun da 1977, gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude a cikin unguwannin London. Wimbledon bayyana a ban sha'awa farfado da wani uku-girma matrix siffar Dzhona Makinroya, gaya mai ban sha'awa game. A gidan kayan gargajiya gidaje Maria Sharapova dress - 2004 lashe gasar na shekara. Da makaman aiki shekara-zagaye, rufe kofofin a lokacin gasar.

Daga cikin rikodin ga yawan nasarori - tanis yan wasan da suka lashe title 7 sau: Steffi Graf, Uilyam Renshou, Pete Sampras da kuma Roger Federer. Martina Navratilova ya iya yi shi sau 9, na karshe daya - a shekaru na shekaru 46.