Volga: River ikon da kogin Volga yanayin. Ikon kayayyaki Volga

Volga (kogin ikon za a iya bayyana daga baya a cikin labarin) faruwa a kan wani ɓangare na Rasha cewa nasa ne zuwa Turai. Its Delta da aka located a cikin kasashen kasar - Kazakhstan. Wannan ruwa ya kwarara ne a kan jerin mafi girma halitta kududdufai na duniya (da shakka, da Rasha Federation). A ƙasa, wanda yake dab da Volga, da ake kira Volga yankin.

A total tsawon kogin ya 3690 km. Bayan gina kududdufai tsawon shi ne 3530 km. A kan bankunan na ruwa na gudana daga qarqashinsu suna shirya a dama birane-miliyoyi, musamman, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Volgograd da Samara. A XX karni, wato a cikin 30-80-ies aka gina hydroelectric. Su duk kasance a cikin Volga-Kama cascade.

Istok Volga aka located a cikin Valdai (Alaunskih duwãtsu). A bakin yana dauke da Caspian Sea.

kogin gwamnatin

Abinci da kuma tsarin mulki na kogin Volga - mai ban sha'awa tambaya. Kan aiwatar da glacial kogin ya fara a watan Nuwamba da kuma Disamba. Game 200-260 kwanaki ruwa-ruwa rafi ya rage free daga kankara. An autopsy an fara faru tare da Astrakhan yankin a watan Maris, a tsakiyar watan Afrilu narke riga kammala a bakinka. Kafin gina dams kogi ne kullum ta ɓulɓula a cikin marigayi bazara da kuma bazara ya fara girma m. Duk da haka, bayan halittar kududdufai ruwa matakin yakan ƙwarai. Saboda haka shi ne sau da yawa dole ƙara da dam.

A tattalin arziki da yin amfani da kogi

Volga (River abinci ne sosai dogara a kan snow ruwa) yakan taimaka wa bukatun da babbar hydroelectric iko tashoshin. Flow damar kawo manyan lodi da yi fasinja. Tsari kama kifi duk gamsu, duka yan koyo da kuma kwararru - kama a cikin halitta ruwa za a iya busasshen kifi, sturgeon, walleye, da dai sauransu Liquid daga tafki mafi yawa ana dauka don ban ruwa. .. da waɗanda ruwayen da amfani hydroelectric iko, samar da isasshe manyan adadin wutar lantarki.

Saboda da navigability na Volga (River abinci ƙwarai rinjayar da aikin gona da yin amfani da) kawo tare da dama daga cikin tekuna. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jihar da aka halitta na musamman Volga-Don Canal. A shi hawa wata babbar yawan dukiya, ciki har da man fetur, da gishiri, gurasa, makãmashi, kuma haka a. D.

A kogi

Ganin cikakken shekara-shekara yanayin, za mu iya ce xari bisa dari cewa gauraye da kwarara irin wadata ne Marinjãyi. Babban abinci kafofin na Volga - thawed ruwa, ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma ruwan sama. Fiye da 60% na shekara-shekara Photo yin dusar ƙanƙara fili. Daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Yuni, za ka iya duba da komowar ruwa. A lokacin rani da kuma a cikin hunturu akwai sau da yawa low ruwa, inda aka kasa ruwa da damar da Volga kasance m. A kaka akwai kananan ambaliyar ruwa.

A zurfin kogin dabam daga 3 zuwa 15 m, dangane da yankin da kuma irin abincin da a da shi. A cikin hunturu, kamar yadda mai mulkin, saboda manyan adadin narke ruwa matakin a cikin kogin da aka ƙwarai ya karu, amma saboda da Volga hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke da ke fita ta bankuna. Wuraren sau da yawa saboda nauyi ruwan sama da kuma iska tãguwar ruwa zai iya tashi zuwa 1,5 mita.

shipping

M yanayin da irin wannan ruwa-ruwa rafi kamar yadda Volga (kogin ikon damar da shi don ya bushe, kuma kada ku ajiye matakin zuwa wani mawuyacin matakin), da inganta harkokin kewayawa. A Sabunta karni na musamman Volga hanya da aka dage farawa a kan abin da kayan da aka hawa. A farko steamboat zo a cikin ruwan kogin a cikin 1820s.

A lokacin yakin, Tarayyar Soviet amfani da rafi a matsayin rundunar ta wuri, ma'aikata suka halarci a cikin yarda da harsasai da kuma ko da ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin da dama fadace-fadace.

A lokacin, ya dauki amfani da Rasha yana amfani da wani hanya daga Rzhev to gama manoman (game da 590 km) daga na gama manoma da Red barricades (2605 km) da kuma kananan rabo (har zuwa 40 km) a bakin kogin. Cirewa wadata kayayyakin kamar mai, kayan lambu, burodi, yashi, kifi, gishiri, da dai sauransu Down -. Woods da daban-daban da masana'antu kayan.