TGP hanyoyin. Subject da kuma hanyoyin da ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar

A cikin karni na XXI rawar da dokar aka ƙara girma, saboda dama ya shafi kusan dukkan sassa na jama'a rayuwa. Wannan hujja ne sun fi mayar tabbatacce, saboda ta hanyar da shari'a tsari na jihar controls ba kawai ga jama'a a matsayin dukan, amma kuma mutum jama'a. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa ga zamani yi na dokar taka muhimmiyar msar tambayar aukuwa a cikin doka filin. Godiya a gare su, yin amfani da lauyoyi da damar da za a yawa fadi da fiye da yadda aka yi amfani da dokar, a hakikanin rai yanayi. Bugu da kari, doka theorists kullum inganta ginshikai na aikace-aikace na dokar. Jihar inji ƙwarai amfana daga high rawar da dokar. Saboda da babban mataki na, haramun tsakiyar ikon sauri kuma mafi m controls duk matakai abin da ke faruwa a kasar. A manyan yawan msar tambayar ilmi ya kafa a kan lokaci, a kimiyya da cewa shi ne na asali a kan aiwatar da shirin doka sana'a.

Ka'idar jihar da kuma Law - manufar

A general ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar - shi ne mai da muhimman hakkokin kimiyya a da yawa dokar makarantu. A gaskiya, wannan reshe na kimiyya da aka kafa ta da jari na babban adadin theories da yayi cewa suna da dangantaka da ci gaban jihar inji na aiki, da mutuncinsu, m hulda da wadannan abubuwa. Bugu da kari, godiya ga ka'idar jihar da kuma Law (nan - THP), kafa da sauran masana'antu. Saboda haka, THP - wani "albarkatun kasa" daga wanda "haife" sanannun zuwa ranar, aikin da kimiyya reshe na shari'a kimiyya. Game da gudanar da bincike a cikin wannan filin, suna da za'ayi tare da mayar da hankali a kan zamani siffofin na jihar da kuma shari'a inji, shan la'akari duk siffofin na tarihi epoch. Saboda da TGP zai iya ci gaba da wani dogon lokacin hanyar raya wani doka masana'antu.

TGP - Soviet tushen kimiyya

Ya kamata a lura Soviet tushen irin wannan tarbiyya kamar yadda ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar. Kimiyya da aka kafa a cikin kwanaki na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma ta gargajiya dokar makarantu ta hanyar hada Concepts ci gaba a related kimiyya filayen. Domin mafi part TGP - wani horo cewa an halicci for samar da msar tambayar ilmi na gaba doka dole sai. A kasashen Turai da kuma West shi ba a karatu. A ra'ayi na kimiyya gabatar da wasu masana'antu. Wannan hujja ne ba abin mamaki ba, saboda batun ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar ta ƙunshi wani iri-iri na kimiyya da ilmi ba, wato, ka'idar da ke jihar (wani nau'i na gwamnati, da Sanadin jihar, da iri halaye, da dai sauransu) da kuma ka'idar doka (tsarin da kuma manufar girka dokoki, kafofin na dokar , doka alhaki kuma fassarar dokar, da dai sauransu). Interest a cikin batun na wannan kimiyya na karuwa fiye da more kowace shekara, kamar yadda sun fi mayar da fadada doctrinal nazarin rawar da biyu dokar da ke jihar.

A batun da ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar

Kamar yadda a mafi yawan sauran shari'a sciences, da tsarin kula da bayani na TGP abu ya ƙunshi rigima saboda masana kimiyya sun sa a gaba da ka'idar kwarai game da wannan category. Plus, batun kimiyya THP na da peculiarities, wanda za a tattauna daga baya a cikin labarin. Game da misali guzuri batun doka kimiyya, shi ya hada da wani yawan al'amurran, wanda ya shaida ta versatility. Alal misali, ka yi nazarin TGP ne da gaskiya da ake kira:

1) The dangantaka na jihar da kuma dokar a matsayin mai raba da m kashi, domin mafi yawan bangare kafa ta al'umma.

2) The inji na samuwar da kuma ci gaban jihar da kuma dokar.

3) Form, fasali, halaye da kuma takamaiman al'amurran da jihar da kuma dokar.

4) A rawar da wadannan Categories a cikin al'umma, da tsarin siyasa.

5) Sense of ãdalci, pravorealizatsii, da bin doka da oda da kuma kundin tsarin mulki yanayin.

6) A normative da kuma yan majalisun dokoki da tsari.

7) Tilasta Bin Dokoki yanayin.

8) Sanadiyyar.

La'akari da aka jera a tsarin abubuwa na magana da jihar doka, za mu iya haskaka fasali na ayyuka, hanyoyin, da kuma dabi'u na kimiyya na zamani. Amma da farko kana bukatar ka yi la'akari da takamaiman al'amurran da batun TGP.

A ƙayyadaddu ka'idar batun jihar da kuma dokar

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa, batun ka'idar dokar Shi ne ba kawai wani tsarin ra'ayi, amma kuma tsauri, kazalika ta mutum aka gyara.

Wannan musamman al'amari za a iya gani a cikin m juyin halitta daga cikin theories da Concepts cewa an yi amfani da kimiyya kansu. Alal misali, a cikin rubuce-rubucen na Soviet jihar da kuma dokar theorists biya mai girma da hankali ga nazarin da proletarian mulkin kama karya, a jihar da kuma jama'a mai kyau. Quite daban-daban al'amurran zastragivayutsya a cikin rubuce-rubucen na zamani malaman, wanda aka biya more hankali ga matsalolin kamar zamantakewa, mulkin demokra jihar, da gagarumar rawar da dokar a matsayin babban tushen da doka da oda da sauransu. Saboda haka, tarihi epoch sun fi mayar da rinjayar da yaudarar ji daga cikin wannan category daga kusurwoyi mabambanta, kamar yadda duk kimiyya takardunku rubuta da masana kimiyya, mutane. Shan la'akari da akai canje-canje, ba kawai a cikin al'umma amma kuma a zukatan kowa da kowa, ba mamaki da canji a wahayin wannan msar tambayar al'amurran da jihar da kuma dokar.

hanya TGP

Subject kuma Hanyar THP - Wannan ra'ayi inextricably nasaba. A karshen an kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wani abu na binciken. TGP hanyoyin iya conventionally wakilta a matsayin guda inji, wanda sunan shi ne "hanya". Wannan kalma tana nufin wani sa na dabaru, hanyoyin, daban-daban kayan aikin da taimaka bincika batun kimiyya TGP. TGP hanyoyin da ake amfani ba kawai a kan aiwatar da bunkasa sabon Concepts da kuma inganta data kasance wadanda, amma kuma a cikin yanki na horo ka'idar doka. Ya kamata a lura da cewa kowane hanya shi ne na musamman da kuma ban sha'awa, amma babu wani daga cikinsu shi kadai ba zai iya gaba daya amsa duk tambayoyin, a lokacin da mutum yayi nazarin irin wannan muhimmanci da kuma hadadden Categories kamar jiha da kuma dokar. Saboda haka, a hanya don - tsarin hanyoyin gaba da juna.

hanyoyin da kungiyar

Masana kimiyya a yau marginalize mafi kama da hanyoyin THP kungiyoyin. Wannan dabarar taimaka wajen la'akari da digiri na muhimmancin da kuma tasiri na nazarin hanyar da takamaiman msar tambayar tambayoyi. Akwai uku main kungiyoyin na hanyoyin, wato:

- Janar kimiyya (da kungiyar hada da hanyoyin da aka samu ba kawai a cikin kimiyya na jihar da kuma doka, amma kuma a wasu sassa, ba dole ba ne shari'a).

- chastnonauchnogo (hanyoyin, wanda sukan yi amfani da a related kasuwanci da kuma related rassan dokar).

- Special (kungiyar musamman doka hanyoyin, wadda wasa a taimakawa rawa ga ci gaban na fikihu).

Don gane da yadda ya yi sallama da kungiyar, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da su dabam.

Da hanyoyin kimiyya THP

Kimiyya hanyoyin da ake amfani ba kawai a cikin kimiyya da ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, suna kuma amfani da wasu tarbiyya, da sauran kimiyya filayen to samu wasu bayanai. Hanyar System TGP janar kimiyya shugabanci - wannan shi ne mataki na farko na binciken, saboda abin da ya fi na fili facts za a iya bambanta. Duk da haka, tare da taimakon kimiyya shi ne quite wuya a samu concretized bayanai game da wadannan ko wasu shari'a da kuma gwamnati tafiyar matakai, ko da yake shi ne quite yiwu. By hanyoyin kimiyya matsayi:

- shigar da;

- cire.

- bincike da kuma abstraction.

- tallan kayan kawa;

- jaddadawa da kuma kwatanta.

Jigon wadannan hanyoyi ne da cewa su samar da "food for tunani". A wasu kalmomin, ta amfani da janar kimiyya dabaru da kuma hanyoyin halitta "kwarangwal" nan gaba theories da matsalolin a cikin TGP. Mutane da yawa musamman iri hanyoyin iya hada wasu janar kimiyya, haka da samar da wani sabon dukan hanyar da karatu duk wani batu.

chastnonauchnogo hanyoyin System

Chastnonauchnogo dabaru ana amfani da lokuta a lokacin da shi wajibi ne, don su bincika wani sabon abu da ke cikin "a cikin" yan kimiyyar. Kawai sa, chastnonauchnogo hanyoyin - wata hanya zuwa ga karatu, dauka daga daban-daban tarbiyya. Suna taimaka don ganin wani more kankare hoto na ayyukan da ake yi karatu da category na da tasiri a kan shi na wasu takamaiman abubuwan. Kamar haka, akwai wadannan hanyoyin:

- Tsarin da kuma aikin. Wannan hanya na koyon a hanyoyi da dama ya taimaka mana mu gani ba kawai kimiyya da ilmi ba, amma kuma ya fahimci da rawar a cikin doka ko jiha inji. Bugu da kari, kuma ma'anar rawar da kowane kashi.

- System Hanyar ne sun fi mayar da kama da wanda aka bayyana a sama. Yana kuma nuna inji kawai mayar da hankali ba a kan mutum abubuwa da kuma rawar da suka taka, da kuma a kan mataki na gaba dayan tsarin. Saboda haka, za mu iya ganin sakamako a kan batun kwayoyin halitta na wani hadadden dalilai.

- Tare da taimakon da sociological hanya, za ka iya ganin rawar da ayyuka na dokar da hukumomin gwamnati a cikin al'umma. Har ila yau, wannan hanya ne hadaddun domin shi ya hada da wani yawan mafi ban sha'awa hanyoyi na koyo: kallo, binciken da kuma yin tallan kayan kawa.

- M hanyoyin ga mafi part nazarin shari'a hali na mutane da kuma zamantakewa talakawa.

- The mafi muhimmanci irin rawa da tarihi Hanyar. Yana iya taimaka ka kwatanta da data kasance theories, da kuma ganin aiwatar da su ci gaba, don haka kamar yadda ba su maimaita riga samu da zarar kwarewa a nan gaba. A wasu kalmomin, da tarihi Hanyar - a hanyar da karatu da jihar dokokin da hakkin.

Mene ne irin rawa da dabaru na musamman?

Musamman hanyoyin da kimiyya TGP Su key. Yana da da su taimako, a yau za mu iya magana da wanzuwar ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar a matsayin gaba daya kimiyya masu zaman kansu da kuma shari'a masana'antu. Special Hanyar THP - a sa na dabaru da kuma hanyoyin, wadda karatu kawai da shari'a da kuma gwamnati dalilai. Masana kimiyya da dama imani da cewa da dama musamman hanyoyin da dabarun tashi a sakamakon aikin doka dole, wanda aka kullum inganta su ilimi, tun lokacin rayuwa ba tsaya har yanzu.

Musamman hanyoyin da ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar

A wadannan za a iya dangana ga na musamman hanyoyin:

- m da kuma shari'a. Wannan "classic" Hanyar for yawa na fikihu. Tare da shi samar, classified, fassara da sabon kimiyya Concepts cewa tashi cikin zamani doka kimiyya.

- The kamanta doka Hanyar - wata hanya zuwa ga al'amurra da kuma shortcomings na shari'a da tsarin, doka alhaki inji, da shari'a da gwamnatin dukiya hakkokin da kwatanta da irin wannan cibiyoyin da kuma matakai da suke yanzu sosai a duniya.

Gabatar hanyoyi guda biyu ne mafi gargajiya. Akwai sauran musamman hanyoyin, kamar jaddadawa, fassarar, guda matsayi na dokoki, da dai sauransu. A gaskiya cewa batu da kuma Hanyar TGP ake inextricably nasaba, sau da yawa porazhdaet gaba daya sabon, m inherently methodological dabaru.

Mene ne aikin na THP?

A cikin shakka daga cikin binciken gabatar a cikin takarda na kimiyya ra'ayi cewa aiki ka'idar dokar kawai ba ya wanzu, saboda kimiyya ne sun fi mayar da wani zalla yaudarar, kuma yana da wani dangane da m doka siyasa a jihar. Duk da haka, irin wannan binciken ba dace hakikanin al'amarin, domin su aiki a cikin wannan kimiyya har yanzu akwai. Kimiyya da aka muhimman hakkokin, saboda haka, ci gaba da ra'ayi sun fi mayar da shafi data kasance doka masana'antu.

TGP - aiki

A halin yanzu mataki na ci gaba da kimiyya suna da wadannan siffofin da ka'idar jihar da kuma dokar, wato:

1) Onotologicheskaya. THP ba amsoshi ga tambayoyi kamar abin da yake da hakkin da jiha, da kuma abin da yake jigon wadannan Categories.

2) A epistemological aiki ne wajen samar da sabon kimiyya Concepts da kuma ra'ayoyinsa.

3) heuristic - gano sabon alamar hanyoyi na TGP ci gaba.

4) A gaibu.

5) akida, wato, da tasiri a kan sani na mutane domin ci gaba da daidai ilmi game da kimiyya batu.

6) Methodological.

Saboda da zama dole ayyuka na kimiyya samar da asali ka'idar dokar, wanda ƙwarai taimaka a cikin tsari na gina mulkin demokra] iyya, zamantakewa al'umma.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, a wannan labarin, marubucin ya ba da cikakken lissafi na abin da yake da kimiyya na jihar da kuma dokar, kuma ya nuna ta methodological tsarin da kuma ayyuka. Ya kamata a lura da babban m wannan kimiyya, a gaskiya shi zai iya taimaka don samun mutane da doka da al'adu da kuma wayar da kan jama'a na da rawar a jihar inji.