Tarihi na Rasha: matakai na yakin basasa

A wannan labarin, za mu duba a cikin matakai na yakin basasa, da kuma haddasawa da kuma sakamakon, za ka iya koya daga wasu.

Yakin basasa a Rasha ya faru a farkon karni na 20th, tsakanin daban-daban na zamantakewa kungiyoyin, wanda aka gangarawa ta Bolsheviks da abokan adawar su. Manufar bangarorin biyu - to, ku kãmã jihar iko. Ya zuwa yanzu babu wani yarjejeniya game da kwanan watan da fashewa yaki a Rasha. Wasu masana tarihi sanyã shi zuwa Oktoba 1917, yayin da wasu - a cikin spring-rani '18.

Akayi na yakin basasa a Rasha:

1. A rukunin farko na yakin basasa ya fara a watan Mayu da kuma Nuwamba na '18 tare da samuwar cibiyoyin da motsi a kan Bolsheviks. A watan Fabrairu, a Petrograd (yanzu St. Petersburg) da kuma Moscow SRs sojojin na Cadets da Mensheviks an halitta ta "Rasha Revival Union". A watan Maris, akwai "kariya ta Union of Freedom kuma Mahaifa, mahaifiyata" jagorancin B. V. Savinkova. Anti-Bolshevik motsi yada daga cikin Cossacks. A ranar da kudancin Urals na gangarawa A. I. Dutov da Kuban da kuma Don - gene. PN Krasnov. A Arewa Caucasus ne kafa gudummuwar Army jagorancin L. G. Kornilova kuma M. V. Alekseeva, wanda daga baya ya zama tushen da White motsi. Tare da goyon bayan da Jamus gwamnatin gene kafa a Ukraine. Krasnov.

Daga May 1918 da aka za'ayi a cikin manufofin da ake kira Rasha "yaki kwaminisanci." A watan Satumba, kasar kaddamar da wani siyasa na "ja tsõro" da kuma "fari tsõro."

A watan Maris na wannan shekara da sojojin Faransa, Amurka da kuma Ingila sun sauka a Murmansk, Japan dakarun - a Vladivostok, Jamus sun shagaltar da yankin Ukraine, Crimea da kuma wani ɓangare na Arewa Caucasus. A watan Mayu, a cikin Urals, da Volga yankin da kuma Siberia fara anti-Soviet magana Czechoslovak sojojin, wanda ya kunshi mafi yawa daga tsohon fursunonin yaki. A sakamakon wannan tawaye ya kifar da Soviet da iko a Siberia da Urals, da kuma m samuwar sabuwar gwamnati na Mensheviks da Socialist-yunkuri da kuma Cadets.

Yuli 17 aka harbe ba tare da fitina sarauta iyali.

A cikin fall na '18 Czechoslovak dakarun kai Volga River. A karkashin umurnin Vatsetis (daga 19 ga watan Yuli - Kamenev) da su da shi aka kafa ta Eastern Front, wanda ya iya doke da Czechs kama Samara, Kazan kuma Simbirsk. A mataki na farko da aka kammala maido da Soviet da iko a Urals da Volga yankin.

2. The matakai na yakin basasa: na biyu. Forms da cibiyar na tawaye a fadin kasar, da motsi a kan Bolsheviks ya a ta apogee.

Nuwamba 1918 - AV Kolchak hambarar da gwamnatin Directory ta kuma kafa wani soja mulkin kama karya. Ya furta da kansa "Mamallakin dukkan Rasha." Sa'an nan Denikin sõyayya a Arewa Caucasus da Kuban da kuma Don gudummuwar Army a lokacin VSYUR cewa a cikin Yuli 1919 akwai riga fiye da 160 000 mutane. Wannan sojoji, a karkashin jagorancin Denikin a watan Maris '19 kama da Donbass. A arewacin kasar tare da taimakon da Entente jagorancin Janar E. K. Millera kafa wata runduna, NN Yudenich yana shirya wani Maris a kan Petrograd, kuma a Ukraine magoya bayan Petliura hadawa samun 'yancin kai. Da tsare-tsaren da wadannan shugabannin da aka mai buga wa Soviet gwamnatin, wanda suka sami ikon motsa jiki saboda kishi da kuma sabani.

A cikin mataki na biyu ana kuma fadada sikelin da baki, janyewar sojojinta daga wasu kasashe da ƙasa na Rasha. A watan Afrilu-Agusta '19 janye sojojin Amurka, Ingila, Jamus da kuma Faransa.

3. Akayi na Civil War: da uku (Maris 1919 -1920 gg.). Wannan lokaci da hukunci fadace-fadace, a lokacin da shi ya bayyana cewa nasarar da gwagwarmayar iko, da Bolsheviks lashe.

A watan Nuwamba '18 fara wani m jagorancin Kolchak. Disamba 25 da sojojin shagaltar Perm, da kuma 31 na wannan wata na gaba da aka tsayar. A watan Maris '19 Kolchak sojojin fara m wajen Volga, yana daukan Ufa, zuwa ga Samara da Simbirsk. A watan Afrilu '19 Eastern Front sojojin tsaya da shi, kuma a lokacin rani a Siberia jefar. M tare da wannan manufofin guerillas shirya wani tawaye. A farkon '20 Kolchak harbi.

A May '19, a karkashin umurnin Yudenich fara wani m on Petrograd, wanda ya tsaya da Red Army. A watan Oktoba, sojoji tura Yudenich a Estonia, kuma akwai makaman.

A watan Yuli 1919, Ukraine kama Denikin da kuma fara wani m on Moscow. Da sojojin da Satumba na kama Eagle, Kursk da Voronezh. A farkon 1920, Denikin sojojin da aka karya, da kuma Bolshevik ikon a kudancin kasar mayar.

4. A mataki na karshe na yakin basasa (da aka gudanar a 1920 - 1922.).

A Afrilu 1920 Wrangel zabe "mai mulkin dukan na kudu na kasar Rasha." Yana Forms "Rasha sojojin", wanda za a fara m da Donbass. A watan Oktoba, sojoji Wrangel ci da kuma ja da baya ga Crimea. Da shan kashi na Wrangel alama karshen yaki, ko da yake Aljihuna na juriya zauna a cikin iyakar yankuna na Rasha.

Rasha hasarori a cikin matakai na yakin basasa ne babban. The yawan rage ta mutane miliyan 12, kuma jimlar tattalin arziki lalacewa amounted zuwa fiye da biliyan 50. Rubles.