Tafka shari'a: ra'ayi, iri, saukarwa. Stage na tafka shari'a, kuma su siffofin

Dangantaka da jama'a a duk sau da isasshen musamman. Bayan duk, suka tashi tsaye tsakanin mutane a cikin shakka daga su al'ada rayuwa. Amma da key sha'awa ne ba da dangantaka da kanta, da kuma ginshikai na su tsari, wanda aka za'ayi da dokar. Amma ga kyauta, da shari'a reshe na XXI karni ɓullo da iko sosai. Yau a Rasha akwai mutane da yawa daban-daban rassan dokar cewa gwada da hankula kungiyoyin na Sin. A wannan yanayin, duk da manufofin yankunan kasu kashi gudunmawata da yin. Na biyu tsarin tushen masana'antu hade tare da bunkasa mutum aiki, da nufin magance wasu rigingimu. Wannan ne da ikon yinsa, daga cikin procedural hakkokin - wani tsarin masana'antu alaka da aikace-aikace. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a lura da cewa kotunan ne na daban-daban iri iri. Duk da haka, su aiki da aka kayyade da dama doka rassan. Sha'awa tafka shari'a. Concept, iri, saukarwa wannan aiki saita fita a halin yanzu Rasha dokokin, wanda ya sa ya yiwu don nazarin daki-daki, duk al'amurran da doka sabon abu.

A janar ra'ayi na category na aikace-aikace

Cikin ayyukan da jami'an tsaro na kasar, a mafi yawan lokuta akan janar ka'idojin, wanda ake shika-shikan a daban-daban kida. A wannan yanayin, da halaye na category na tafka shari'a dole ne mu gane abin da ya ƙunshi wani classic view wannan sabon abu. A cikin kunkuntar ji na aikace-aikace - shi ne na ayyuka na kotu. Duk da haka, yanzu dokokin hukumar aikin wannan jikinsu, suna cewa gabatar a cikin labarin ne wani category kafa domin na aikace-aikace na wani administrative, tsarin mulki, m kuma, ba shakka, da farar hula hali. Saboda haka, ra'ayi gaba rufe dukkan kewayon ayyuka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikace-aikace a cikin wani musamman misali. A cikin akwati, da muhimmiyar rawa ta sake komawa tafka shari'a.

tafka shari'a

Kamar yadda muka sani, tsvilisticheskaya reshe na dokar shiga da yawa data kasance yankunan da 'yan adam. A wannan yanayin, duk da rigingimu tasowa a cikin masana'antu, bukatar takamaiman aikace-aikace. Saboda haka,} ungiyoyin hanya, ra'ayi, iri, saukarwa daga wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin, an kayyade ta kotu aiki, mutane suka shiga a cikin aikace-aikace, kazalika da sauran mahalarta domin warware rigingimu da yanayi na daban irin.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin Rasha Federation, akwai wasu siffofin na da la'akari da lokuta a cikin yakin yanayin da aikace-aikace. Bisa ga halaye na aluma dokokin gabatar filin na aiki nasa ne da shari'a hukumomi na janar iko. Bugu da kari, dokokinta kuma kafa na farko samarwa matsayi.

Principles of tafka shari'a

Zaton su ne da muhimmanci ga duk rassan da dokar da ka'idoji na shari'a ayyukan. Civil kai kara ne wani yankin da kayyade kasancewar ta ginu akai. Yau gane da key lokacin da arziki na:

• hurumin kotunan a cikin gwamnatin da adalci;
• mai hade da daban-daban na lokuta.
• 'yancin kai daga mahukunta, ba tare da togiya.
• , haramun da kuma talla da ayyukan;
• da daidaitakar dukan mutane kafin kotu.
• fito na fito tsari, optionality, da kuma bukatar samun gaskiya da bangaren shari'a.
• Hanya daidai jam'iyyun tsari.
• da yiwuwar yin amfani da misalin dokar, dokar da sauransu. n.

Wadannan ka'idojin suna kunshe a cikin norms na Civil Hanya Code. Bugu da kari, shi ne dole a lura gaban zaton cewa an ci gaba tarihi a ci gaban kowa tsivilisticheskoy kimiyya. Don wadanda ka'idojin hada da dama daga kowane ɓangare na su bayyana ra'ayoyinsu, da bukatar kafa wani facts a cikin takardu, qasashen iyawa na kotu a da ake ji da dokar, da sauransu. N.

A ra'ayi na yakin shari'a aikace-aikace

Yau, da kimiyya al'umma ɓullo da wani babban yawan wadannan batutuwa tsivilisticheskoy tsari. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne yakin kai kara mataki. A wannan yanayin, babu wani tsari guda kimiyya tsarin kula da shawara wannan category. Kimiyya ci gaba, saukarwa ne ma wuya da rashin normative fassarar da ra'ayi. Saboda haka, duk halin yanzu data kasance halaye na saukarwa ne doctrinal. Saboda haka, a taka yakin hanya - a raba kashi na tsari, halin da nasu a raga, manufofin da musamman procedural mataki.

Bambanci sharuddan

A kimiyyar zamani, ya zama ruwan dare daban da kuma matakai na tafka shari'a. A mafi yawan lokuta, mutane gane wadannan Concepts, cewa shi ne tushen daidai ba. Kamar yadda a baya ya nuna, mataki ne ake kira yasar da kungiyoyin procedural ayyuka Kanmu don cimma wasu manufofinsu. Amma ga iri aikace-aikace, su wakiltar daban-daban lissafi mai tsauri na ayyuka a cikin rigingimu wani shugabanci. Type tsari ne mafi fadi da kullum ya shafi dama matakai. Yau a Rasha akwai kawai biyu main iri tafka shari'a. A su za a tattauna kara.

Babban matakai na tafka shari'a

Don kwanan wata, malamai sun gano daban-daban matakai na shari'a da tsari. Duk da haka, akwai fiye da classic tsarin na m matakai na samar, wanda shi ne saboda da norms na yanzu ƙungiyoyin dokokin. Kamar haka, akwai da wadannan aiwatar da matakai:

• qaddamarwa na aikace-aikace a cikin wani kotu na doka;
• shiri aikace-aikace.
• aikace-aikace a kotu.
• samar a kan roko.
• samarwa a kotu na cassation.
• samar da kula misali;
• cikakken nazari na harka dangane da novovyyavlennymi hali.
• kisa da hukunci.

A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a lura da cewa ba duk da matakai na tafka shari'a da ake bukata. Bayan duk, wasu daga cikinsu kawai bai faru saboda da ƙayyadaddu na mutum lokuta. Saboda haka, domin a mafi cikakken bincike na dukan inji na tafka shari'a wajibi ne don la'akari da kowane mataki daban.

A shiri lokaci

A farko matakai biyu na Civil Hanya na Rasha Federation tana nufin mataki na shirya hali ga nan da nan shawara. Sun fara ne a kan gaskiyar da tanadin wani mutum a kotu, dangane da daya ko wasu doka dangantaka cewa dole ne a kiyaye su daina, amince, da sauransu. N. Wannan qaddamarwa na aikace-aikace da kuma shirya aikace-aikace ne biyu jinsin, saukarwa. A farkon yanayin, da alkali ya yanke shawarar da mere gaban dace sansanonin domin fara aiwatar, a general. A lokacin shirya samarwa akwai wani kira dacewa shaidu, da karɓarsu ga shaidun, da hannu a aiwatar da wani ɓangare na uku, da kuma sauransu. D. Gabatar mataki ne na key muhimmancin ga m shawara na harka a kotu. A ingancin su aiwatar zai dogara ne a kan sakamako daga cikin dukan tsari.

Stage na aikace-aikace a farko misali

Kotun shari'ar kamar yadda ƙungiyoyin kai kara mataki, shi ne babban mataki na aikace-aikace. A wannan yanayin da muke magana ne game da wani key batu a aiwatar a farkon misali. A aikace-aikace faruwa a kotu. Lokacin da ake aiwatar da mataki, da ainihin definition daga cikin shari'a matsayi na dukan jam'iyyun, kazalika kai tsaye kiyasta da shaida a shari'ar. Na bayar da muhimmanci a cikin wannan harka da wata muhawara fitina batutuwa. Sun gabatar da nasu muhawara a cikin goyon bayan matsayinsa. Duk da fasali na algorithm da kuma ji an gabatar a cikin Civil Hanya Code na Rasha Federation.

Ya ƙare da Kaddamar da bin doka da gagarumin yanke shawara aikace-aikace, wanda zai iya zama cikin matuƙar sakamakon duk tafka shari'a. Bugu da ari matakai na iya fara kawai a nufin jam'iyyun.

[Aukaka {ara, kuma cassation a yakin hanya

Stage na tafka shari'a, kuma su siffofin gabatar sama ne da muhimmanci ga dukan tsari. All sauran matakai a Bugu da kari ga kisa na farillai, za a iya kira karin. An kyau kwarai misali ne roko kuma cassation. Wadannan matakai wakiltar ainihin review na harka, wanda za a iya aiwatar a wani takamaiman lokaci bayan da kotun yanke shawara zo a cikin karfi. A lokacin da roko aikace-aikace da yanayin da ake yi karatu, sãbuwa. A kotu na biyu misali iya barin hukuncin canzawa ko alama shi da bayarwa da kansa. A cikin wani hali, ko dai jam'iyyar yana da hakkin ya retrial har yanzu a kan roko.

Ya kamata a lura, da roko ga kotun] aukaka} ko cassation kotu ba a bukata. A jam'iyyun da dama da za a duba, amma ba wajibi. Duk abin a cikin wannan hali zai dogara ne a kan raga na wani mutum da ya material albarkatu. Game da samar da kula misali kotu dangane da novovyyavlennymi yanayi, wadannan matakai ne kuma karin. Da suka faru ne kawai a gaban wasu doka facts da shirye na jam'iyyun aiwatar da hakkin ya fara mataki yi.

Tilasta shari'u

Lokacin da wani musamman iko ta yanke shawara ta zo a cikin karfi, kuma ba wanda yake so ya daukaka kara, to, shi zai fara karshe mataki na aiwatar. Shi ne ake kira zartarwa samar. A wannan mataki, wani yawan ayyuka na wani procedural yanayi. Sun aiwatar da wani musamman jihar jiki. A Rasha, irin wannan ne Tarayya Bailiffs Service. A procedural Dalili na mataki na wani Littafi daga kisa. Da ainihin tilasta yin aiki da wani hukunci - shi ne ma'ana sakamako na tafka shari'a.

daban na aiwatar

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, akwai daban-daban iri tafka shari'a, wanda ya hada matakai daban-daban. Rundunar Hanya Code na Rasha Federation ce cewa akwai biyu main iri aikace-aikace: da da'awar da musamman. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin wadannan Categories shi ne a yi shawarwari game da dokar. Kan aiwatar da da'awar aikace-aikace, da ya yanke shawarar, kamar yadda daga baya sa a yanke shawara. A musamman irin tsari ne da za'ayi kawai don dalili na amincewa da takamaiman yancin] an. Wannan yana dauke da wata doka gaskiya, wanda ba ya unsa a shawarwari game da dokar. A cikin duka iri ne ba a cikin kusan m mataki na tafka shari'a. Comparative Table of hali ba ka damar ganin wasu irin ainihi da kuma da'awar musamman tsari.

Saboda haka, za mu gano cewa, da matakai na tafka shari'a ne wani muhimmin kashi na tsari, da aiwatar da abin da taka daban-daban doka rawa. Don kwanan wata, category misali ne isasshe barga. Shi ba shi da wani musamman rikice-rikice. Don haka bari mu fatan cewa a nan gaba mataki da kuma tafka shari'a a general za kawai za a kyautata ga mafi alhẽri.