Ka'idojin rabuwa da iko kamar yadda wani siyasa da kuma doka ka'idar

Rabuwa da ikon - koyaswa, wanda ya zo daga larura tabbatarwa rarraba jihar (a cikin m ji - wani), da kuma ikon a kan kai vzaimokontroliruyuschie reshe. Game musamman zuwa jihar ikon zaci rabo daga cikin majalisu reshe, zartarwa da kuma na shari'a.

Constitutional ka'idojin na rabuwa da iko a karon farko a matsayin dama ra'ayin da aka samarwa da Yahaya. Locke a cikin ka'idar da "zaman jama'a kwangila." Wannan ya faru a shekarar 1689. A matsayin siyasa da kuma doka category, da akida, da suka yadu a cikin tsakiyar karni 18th bayan bayyanar ayyukan SH.-L. Montesquieu.

Amma bai kamata mu dauka cewa wannan shi ne wani lokaci da kuma farkon m aiwatar da ra'ayin. Wasu mizanan ko abubuwa da ake samu a cikin msar tambayar aukuwa na zamanin d gabascin. Saboda haka, Aristotle miƙa zuwa raba iko a cikin rassan, kamar yadda irin wannan jagoranci majalisar dokoki, da sashen shari'a da kuma jami'an, inda kowane reshe yana gangarawa ta raba jiki.

Ka'idojin rabuwa da iko kamar yadda shari'a misali an aiwatar a cikin Amurka kundin tsarin mulki, da kuma mawallafa - "jin dadi" - ware har ma da manufa na "tsaye" division, wanda ya zuwa tsara alaka tsakanin tarayya cibiyar da jihohi. By farkon karni na 19th, da ka'idodin da rabuwar ikon da aka yadu a gane a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan ka'idojin da ke jihar, kuma doka sciences, wanda, duk da haka, ci gaba wajen samar da, misali, a wasu kasashe, da ka'idodin jerin an fassara broadly - tsaya fitar a matsayin mai zaman kanta kuma kafa, iko, zabe reshe.

Kamar yadda na siyasa da kuma doka ra'ayin rabuwar iko da shawara cewa su mere gaban a cikin Attaura da m aiwatar su ne tushen domin gina da kuma aiki da wani zamani a jihar.

Ka'idojin rabuwa da iko unsa a yawan kungiya da kuma abun ciki mafita cewa su ne ainihin model a cikin zane na jihar da kuma dokar. Su shardanta cewa kowane irin ikon da za'ayi ta musamman halitta wannan gwamnati: majalisu - majalisa, da zartarwa - zartarwa hukuma (majalisar), da bangaren shari'a - tsarin shari'a. A lokacin da wannan aka amince da 'yancin kai na zumunta da ayyukan dukkan wadannan cibiyoyin, wanda aka zahiri gane da rabuwa da iko da kuma duniyoyin na aikace-aikace na wadannan iko.

Hukumomin daga cikin ayyukan da ake rarraba a irin wannan hanyar da iko ba duplicated a cikin ayyuka na jikinsu, kazalika da wa kowane daga cikin rassan iya zuwa wasu har sarrafa sauran reshe. A kasashen da Multi-matakin tsarin na gina nau'i na jihar-yankin tsarin (Tarayya) da kuma a Bugu da kari, ta tanadi wani sarari rabo na iko tsakanin gwamnatin jikinsu da kuma tsakiyar yankunan wani bangare ne na jiha. A zamani model na rabuwa da iko da kuma ƙunshi wata bukata don samar da doka balance tsakanin rassan. Wannan ne yake aikata domin su kauce wa doka mamayar daya reshe a kan wani da haka ba haifar a jihar kafa totalitarian siyasa gwamnatin, wanda shi ne irin wannan zane da kuma shi ne halin.

Ka'idojin hada da bukatar gina irin wannan inji da iko, a cikin abin da rassan suna da tarayyar kallafa juna a kudi na majalisar dokoki iko rarraba juna iko da kuma auna ta fili kafa ga kowane reshe na kade-kade abu.

Don kwanan wata, da ra'ayin na rabuwa da iko ne a kullum yarda da manufa na yi da wani zamani a jihar da kuma aka aiwatar a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri a kusan dukkan kasashen duniya, inda lamarin ne a gaban mulkin demokra ka'idojin a cikin wannan yanki. Wasu ƙasashe amfani da classic model, da kuma a wasu da yin amfani da wadannan ka'idojin da aka yi sulhu tsakani da kasa da hadisai da kuma al'adu na al'umma-ginin. Alal misali, a kasar Sin, ban da na gargajiya, duk da haka kasaftawa rassan kamar da iko da kuma doka. A wannan halin da ake ciki kuma a Taiwan.

A jihohin inda ɓullo da totalitarian da kuma amincewa da siyasar gwamnatocin, da ka'idodin da rabuwar iko, ko ba a aiwatar a duk ko a aiwatar da ƙa'ida.