Shuka Erica: description, haifuwa hanyoyin, da kuma siffofin da namo kula

Daga farkon spring har sai da marigayi kaka so ya m dogon flowering launuka iri-iri palette Erica ban mamaki shuka na ga iyali na Heather. Asali daga Afirka ta Kudu, shi ne sosai nasara a kan zukãtan lambu a daban-daban sasanninta na duniya.

description

Mai jinsunan Erica ne Evergreen shrubs cewa suna kama da Heather. Ya bambanta da kunkuntar allura bar wani tsawon 1 cm, kama da allura da girma a dama kwana tserewa. A lokacin flowering Erica aka rufe da yawa kananan furanni kama elongated drooping karrarawa. Suna tattara a cikin wani babban daya mai gefe buroshi da kuma da dama tabarau - daga fari zuwa duhu m. Bayan flowering, launi ta ci gaba na dogon lokaci. A 'ya'yan itace ne mai akwatin da sosai kananan tsaba zama mai yiwuwa ga dama shekaru.

A cikin rawar da al'adu da shuke-shuke halitta jinsunan Eric an yi amfani a Ingila daga tsakiyar XVIII karni. Sa'an nan a Belgium da Netherlands kusan shekara ɗari sun fara kiwo aikin, wanda ya ba mai yawa hybrids. Yau da shuka Erica, bayanin wasu iri wanda aka bai wa kasa, an girma a bude ƙasa, kõ kuwa a tukwane, Popular windowsills da balconies. Shi ne unpretentious kuma ba ya bukatar kula na musamman.

iri Erika

Wannan inji ne halin mai girma bambancin da jinsunan. Daga cikin su, akwai da dama daban-daban high amfani da su lambu:

1. The sosai farko Bloom Erica carnea, ko Rosy - a watan Afrilu an rufe tare da ruwan hoda ko m karrarawa. A tsawo daga cikin daji 30 zuwa 50 cm. Its yada tushe ne m, a karkashin sharadi gwargwado ta samar a kan ƙasa surface zuwa rabin diamita na matashin kai.
2. Eric m horar da yafi a matsayin wata tukunya shuka. Flowering fara a watan Nuwamba da kuma yana watanni da dama. Akwai da dama iri na Erica m - fari, ruwan hoda da kuma m launuka.
3. Erica darlenskaya shuka - ne matasan halitta da Turanci makiyayin Darley Dale a farkon karni na ashirin. Yau an yadada a Rasha. Yana siffofi high hardiness da kuma yawan dogon flowering. Akwai fiye da 20 iri na wannan nau'in, mafi girma daga abin da ya kai wani tsawo na 50 cm.
4. Erica Rose shuka - daya daga cikin mafi low-girma jinsuna. Tsayinsa da wuya ya wuce 20 cm. Dark-ja furanni bayyana a watan Afrilu.

Kowane irin shuke-shuke haifa ta hanyar tsaba ko cuttings. Domin dindindin shuke-shuke za a iya transplanted ba a baya fiye da a 1.5-2 shekaru.

iri yaduwa

Wannan hanya ne mai cin lokaci kuma bada shawarar farko don dasa 'yan qasar jinsunan Erica. Tsaba suna sown a kan ƙasa tattalin kunshi softwood, Heather ƙasa da yashi (a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2: 1 bi da bi) da kuma rufe gilashi ko roba fim. Zafin jiki kada ta kasance kasa 18 ⁰S. Daily ƙasa tsaba suna fesa tare da dumi ruwa. A tsari na germination ne quite dogon m da kuma daukan akalla 1 watan. Da zaran sprouts kuma kadan mazan, suka nutse har da hankali accustom zuwa ga hasken rana. Domin samun karfi, seedlings zai dauki wani 2 months.

yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings

Tsire-tsire girma a wannan hanya, za a fara zuwa Bloom da yawa a baya fiye da wadanda dasa ta amfani da tsaba. Dasa kayan girbe daga fall, yankan fi lignified sprouts. A baya can tsomasu a tsanake cikin wani ci gaban stimulator, cuttings ana shuka a wani substrate kunsha wata cakuda peat da yashi. Kafin wannan, suna shawarar zuwa feshi da ruwa. Gona ya zama isasshe m da sako-sako da, da kuma yawan zafin jiki cikin 18-20 ⁰S. Saukowa ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Game da watanni 3 daga baya da cuttings kai tushen. Yanzu za ka iya fara hankali bijirar da su ga rãnã, kuma sabo ne iska. Irin wannan hardening zamani yana for watanni. Kawai bayan wannan matasa shuka Erica za a iya dasa a cikin lambu.

A zabi na wuri domin dasa

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin yanayi da tsire-tsire girma ne kawai a kan iska-permeable kasa. Ba tare da samar da kyau magudanun ruwa, su kawai ba zai ci gaba sosai. Kada jure m ruwa shuka. A lokacin da zabar wani site for dasa kamata kauce wa yankunan inda akwai wani tari na dab snow. Don ci gaba da haske launuka da ganye da kuma furanni, Eric dole ne a isa adadin rana. Ba lallai ba ne don dasa shi a cikin wani shaded da windswept yankunan. Eric - shuka, dasa da kuma kula da ba sa matsaloli, idan yadda ya kamata a zabi wani wuri a gare shi.

kula Features

Eric fi son dan kadan acid ko tsaka tsaki gona. Idan ka ƙara kansa kadan daga kogin yashi, sa'an nan da tsire-tsire za su ji mai girma a gare shekaru masu yawa. Namo Erica iya ko da wani novice lambu. Duk da cewa da ake bukata domin shuka - shi ne don tabbatar dace watering, barbarar da pruning na harbe ciyar idan ka gama flowering.

Eric - shuka kula a cikin gida ga wanda kuma ya hada da shirye-shiryen ga hunturu. Kafin na farko sanyi, moisten da zamulchirovat gona da plantings su ɓõye bushe ganye ko spruce rassan. Ciyawa ba kawai ya ba da shuka mai kyau hunturu, amma kuma ya wadãtar da ƙasa na gina jiki.

ciyar

Ma'adinai takin ana amfani da yawanci a lokacin dasa, kafin flowering da bayan trimming. Suna warwatse a kan surface na kasar gona, kiwon reshe shuke-shuke, su hana su daga kona. Yana yiwuwa don ƙara takin da ruwa amfani das hi don bayi. By loosening kasar gona saman Layer na ciyawa zuba (har zuwa 5 cm m). Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da Pine haushi, itace kwakwalwan kwamfuta da peat.

watering

Ko da yake shi ne fari-resistant amfanin gona Erica shuka, magance su dole ne hada da na yau da kullum watering. Kana bukatar ka tabbatar da cewa kasar gona ne ko da yaushe kiyaye m. Ruwa ya zama taushi, a wani zazzabi. Lokacin da ƙasa ta kafe musamman m watering ake bukata. Pot shuke-shuke za a iya gaba daya tsoma a ruwa don rabin awa. Erica shuka ne sosai kula zafi. Saboda haka, a ƙasa part bada shawarar lokaci zuwa lokaci, fesa.

pruning

Wannan m don kula da ado irin hanya aka yi nan da nan bayan flowering Erica. Yana ba ka damar haifar da kyakkyawan daji da kuma tsari daidai. Bugu da kari, pruning inganta mafi lush kuma m flowering da wadannan kakar.

Yana kawai dole ne a cire kore ɓangare na shoot, wanda su ne ganye. Masana sun bada shawara a jawabin da wani asymmetrical trimming - shi ba ka damar kula da halitta nau'i na shuka da kuma ba da wani karin m bayyanar.

Cututtuka da kuma kwari

Mafi na kowa cututtuka peculiar ga wannan shuka, ya sa ta hanyar fungal da kwayar cututtuka. Daga gare su, mafi m launin toka mold. A dalilin da ci gaban ne yawanci high zafi. A farko alamun cutar - a launin toka patina, leaf fall da kuma mutuwa na matasa harbe. Yau, akwai isasshen daban-daban antifungal kwari da cewa taimaka wa magance m rot "Fendazol", "Topaz". Tare da wani sosai tsanani kashi rot shawarar spraying a kashi daya bayani na jan karfe sulfate. Jiyya na da waxannan cututtukan shuke-shuke yana da za'ayi sau biyu, tare da wani tazara na 5-10 kwana.

Domin prophylaxis spraying ne da za'ayi a cikin kaka da kuma bazara lokaci, da ake ji wa wannan waccan mujalla da muka shirye-shirye.

Kamar yadda na kwari, su shuka Erica kusan ba su da sha'awar. Lokaci-lokaci za ka iya samun shi a kan sikelin kwari da kuma mites. Da su tasiri magani daga tushe da kuma ganye na dasa tare da barasa bayani, wanda aka yi amfani da tare da buroshi. Sa'an nan, da ta shafi yankin da aka bi kwari kara musamman wajen da ake kira "aktellik" da "Fitoverm".

Aikace-aikace a Landscape Design

Eric, godiya ga marigayi flowering - mai real godsend ga lambu da hannu a cikin halittar dutse gidãjen Aljanna, rockeries kuma flower gadaje. Daji, yanayin fili zanen kaya sau da yawa amfani da shi a matsayin ƙasa murfin. Bugu da kari, kuma a monokompozitsiyah da kuma kungiyar plantings dubi mai girma blooming Erica. Shuka a gonar Halicci musamman microclimate moriya ga ci gaban sauran amfanin gona - Heather, ciyawa, barberry, Japan spirea. Tare da irin wannan makwabta Erica dubi musamman m.

Domin shekaru masu yawa, wannan shuka ne da kafa lambu ado.