Sam "Strela-10": Features

"Strela-10" ne girman kai na Soviet soja aikin injiniya. Anti-jirgin sama da makami mai linzami ya kafa tare da Indexing 9K35, kuma aka sani da American rarrabuwa a matsayin SA-13 Gopher, aka tsara su don gano da sararin samaniyar da kuma halakar da wata m abubuwa a low altitudes. A m shekaru, da hadaddun akai-akai sabunta hanyoyin.

Tarihi na halitta

A farko wannan aikin na Soviet soja tare da goyon bayan da kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU ya da Sam "Strela-10 SV". Motar da aka halitta bisa ga da kyau tabbatar da baya model 9K31. The "Arrow 1" da aka dauka duk da ci-gaba fasali da kuma sauran sosai reworked kammala.

A Janairu 1973 ya fara gwajin wani sabon sa na stringent yanayi. Sam bai wuce na farko gwajin. Soja Council, an yanke shawarar gyara da model ga 9K35. Sabõda haka, a karshen shekara ta 1974, akwai wani "Strela-10" zuwa ga haske. Sam (ga photo. Ƙasa) ya wuce duk filin gwaje-gwaje, to amsa gaskiya ma da tambayar ko don ci gaba da aikin. Babban drawback na sabunta hadaddun yana da anti-aircraft makamai masu linzami kula da tsarin. Bisa ga binciken da, yiwuwar daidai bugawa da manufa a wata tsawo na 1,500 m ya kimanin 60%. Similar sakamakon da aka nuna da kuma Sam ga harbi range a kan wani karo Hakika kan dukan yankin da aka kai harin. A shekarar 1975 9M31 makami mai linzami da aka inganta da kuma infrared shiriya tsarin. Bayan na yau da kullum da gwaje-gwaje da kuma cak a kan AMINCI na "Strela-10" An sanya a cikin sabis. A shekarar 1976 ya kafa wata fadi da samar da sabon fama motocin.

Aiki da manufar

Sam "Arrow 10 '9K35 iya aiki a wani sarrafa kansa yanayin. A lokaci guda maraba da manufa nadi da aka sarrafa ta manual iko aiki. Ganewa na maƙiyi abubuwa sanya ta hanyar rediyo shugabanci manemin a tsayawar-shi kadai yanayin. A hari ne da za'ayi kawai a kan hari a gani hangen nesa daga cikin hadaddun.

Sam "Strela-10" an tsara don kare raka'a gashi kuma motorized dakaru regiments, kazalika da kafar sojoji da kuma yana kokarin da muhimmanci da maki daga iska barazana a low altitudes. Fama ayyukan iya za'ayi a lokacin da Maris, da kuma ko a lokacin da canji na sāke wuri. Daya daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin hadaddun ne gaban kwakwalwan kwamfuta atomatik kimantawa da kuma tarewa kayan aiki daga asynchronous bugun jini tsangwama. A lokacin da na karshe bita 9M37M roka samu musamman shugaban rufe shiriya tsarin na Tantancewar amo. The shugaban ya hada da wani ma'aikatan tashar na'ura da kuma liyafar niyya tsarawa, ramut da na'ura da kuma kayan aiki.

Performance halaye

A Sam "Strela-10" yi halaye daban-daban motsi da kuma gudun dauki. Lokaci dako a shirye domin jefa jeri daga 5 zuwa 10 seconds, dangane da yanayin damina. Target nadi liyafar ta auku a cikin 3-5 seconds. Murdiya a azimuth bayanai zuwa wani abu a nesa na 6 zuwa 25 km ne kawai 1.5 digiri.

Har ila yau, ya cancanci a sam "Strela-10" halaye na harbe-harben kewayo. Matsakaicin nesa da manufa da farauto yiwuwa ga 99,5% daidai to 5 km. A wannan yanayin, da tsawo iya bambanta daga 25 zuwa 3500 mita. A wani karo Hakika makami mai linzami gudu ne game 1500 km / h, bayan - har zuwa 1100 km / h. Bi da bi, da amincewa da iska abubuwa ne a nesa na 12,000 m.

Translation saituna daga jerin gwanon a cikin harbe-harben matsayin daukan kasa da 20 seconds. full recharge lokaci (4 linzami) ne a kusa da 2-3 minti. Collapsing aiki soja wajen daukan 3 minutes. A total taro na Sam "Arrow 10" - 12,3 m A wannan yanayin, inji iya isa gudun motsi a kan ƙasa har zuwa 61,5 km / h, da ninkaya -. 6 km / h.

A hadaddun

Babban bangaren Sam "Strela-10" ne mai fama abin hawa 9A35 Series. Yana da aka halitta bisa ga mobile tushe MT-LB. A cikin shakka daga modernization aka ƙara harsasai, wadda barci har zuwa 4 Sam shigar da 4 kayayyakin makamai masu linzami a cikin kaya daki. A ci gaba da equipping halartar shiriya inji. Yanzu, da hadaddun aka kiyaye shi ta wata 7.62-mm na'ura gun cewa an haɗa zuwa wani jirgin lantarki da kayan aiki.

Abin lura shi ne cewa sam yana da matukar low matsa lamba a kan surface na kasar gona, don haka shi za a iya matsawa da yardar kaina tare hanya, fadama, yashi, snow da ruwa. Shasi dangane da torsion mashaya dakatar, wanda ya ba da mota karin smoothness da kalmomin sirri hanya. Godiya ga wannan bayani a sau qara Salvo daidaito da kuma karko na mafi farko-up tsarin. A kan tushe na ergonomics ba ya shafar kayayyakin kaya da kuma kayan aiki. Ƙimar na ayyuka yi 9S86 zone analysis tsarin. Wannan kayan aiki ne aka yi nufi ga manufa ganewa, da kuma sanin matsayinsu kurakurai don kirga farkon sam. Domin da bincike na da kewayon soja yayi dace da musamman lantarki telemeter.

makamai hadaddun

Babban submunitions Sam "Arrow 10" ne m roka 9M37 zenithal irin. A harsashi da aka tsara don wani "duck." Abin da ya ƙunsa kai yana da biyu tashar yanayin, haka tabbatar da mafi kyau duka iko da gwargwado Hanyar. A farko sam yana kokarin isa manufa a cikin photo yanayin, da bambanci. Idan wannan hanyar ba su ba da sakamakon, sa'an nan kai reprogrammed a kan infrared kewayawa. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a amsa wannan mobile Dogon kuma counter nufa.

Don kwantar da makamai masu linzami da guntu yana amfani da ruwa nitrogen, wanda aka adana a cikin na musamman kwantena, sewn a cikin casing. Wannan ya hana farkon maras wata-wata ƙonewa fis. A taron na gazawar da daya daga cikin manufa shiriya halaye, manual kewayawa daukan afareta, wanda ke aika bayanai zuwa da makami mai linzami radar. Domin sam gudun ailerons hadu da musamman gyarawa bayan da fuka-fuki. Suna iyakance zuwa kusurwa juyawa daga cikin dako. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa 9M37 warhead sanye take da wani atomatik kuma lamba fis din. Tare da wannan makami mai linzami kai-destructs a cikin hali na wani kuskure.

Major gyare-gyare

A farko hadaddun aka inganta bambancin Sam "Arrow M-10". Indexing kafuwa - 9K35M. A halayyar alama na model ya gaban sabon shiryar da makami mai linzami shiriya kai. Yanzu gano wuri da tsarin ance da abubuwa don ya hallaka don kasancewa yanayin. Wannan rage hadarin fadowa cikin tarkon amo.

Model "Strela-10 M2" ya samu wani bita fama tsarin. Manufar na zamani ya ƙara da ya dace da kuma aiki da kai na da guduma. Yanzu niyya samo asali daga baturi PU-12m da iska tsaro tsarin. Radar data aka tabbatar, sarrafa da kuma amsa kan feat. Irfan karɓa. An kuma yanke shawarar a tarnaƙi daga cikin na'ura gyara Polyurethane floats.

Gyara na "Strela-10 M3" da aka sa a cikin sabis a 1989. Akwai kammala shãfe kawai a kan-jirgin kayan aiki. A tsarin da harafin "M4" samu a cikin kumbura marufi inji kama, scan naúrar, a thermal Dabarar tsarin da manufa tracking masu auna sigina. "Kibiya T-10" wakiltar Belarus shigarwa zaɓi. Ya tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da NGO "Tetrahedron". A sakamakon da na zamani da avionics bayansa da 1TM Tantancewar tsarin, sabon kewayawa kayan aiki da inganta sarrafa kwamfuta dijital guntu.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a tsawon shekaru ya yi ta an hõre gyara da kuma makamai masu linzami. The latest roka version, dace da hadaddun "Strela-10" ya zama 9M333. Babban bambancin daga baya model ne 3-yanayin shiriya tsarin da inganta kariya da tsangwama.

fama da aikace-aikacen

Sam ya akai-akai aka yi amfani da su kwantar gida rikice-rikice a Angola a lokacin yakin basasa. Kamar yadda na farko data, a zubar da cikin Armed Forces na kasashen Afirka sun kasance game da dozin soja motocin.

Har ila yau, "Strela-10" shi ne daya daga cikin manyan kayayyakin aiki, a cikin yaki na Persian Gulf a shekarar 1991. Sam ne rayayye da shan kashi a cikin aiki "Desert Storm". A amfani da anti-aircraft hadaddun ya Iraq kadan amfani a cikin iska. Kwanan nan, tsarin da aka hannu kawai a wani yakin da rikici a Ukraine kusa da LNR da DNR.

fitarwa yi

A sabis na Rasha Federation ne game da 500 "Strela-10" na asali da kuma modified versions.

A fitarwa gefe, akwai na farko wuri ne Belarus. A ta dashi ne game da 350 9K35. Indiya a cikin na biyu wuri da 250 tsarin. Ukraine bautar da uku matsayi da 150 iska tsaro makami mai linzami tsarin.

Har ila yau daga cikin kasashen da a kai a kai saya daga Rasha 9K35, ya bayyana, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Angola, Yemen, Kyuba, Macedonia, Slovakia, Syria, Libya, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraki, da Czech Republic, Serbia da sauransu.