Ruwa ayyuka a cikin cell. A kashi na H2O abun ciki a cikin jikin mutum

Ruwa - na musamman da abu. Yana da aka yada a ko'ina a kan wannan duniya tamu. Kokarin kwatanta abin da zai rayuwarmu zama ba tare da H2O kwayoyin? Eh, da kuma wakiltar kome - rayuwa a wannan duniya tamu zai wanzu ba. Mutumin ne 70% ruwa. A ƙaramin jiki, da more shi ya ƙunshi, amma tare da shekaru, wannan lambar rage-rage. Alal misali, sama da tayin - da yawan abun ciki a cikinta ne 90% H2O.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayar da shawarar da ka zaɓi duk ayyuka na ruwa a cikin cell da kuma bincika kowane daki-daki. Yana da muhimmanci a ambaci cewa da ta ke samu a cikin biyu siffofin: free kuma daure. Za mu fuskanci wannan daga baya.

ruwa

Kowane kansa ya sani cewa ruwa taka wani muhimmanci sosai ba, amma a maimakon haka, muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mu. Ba tare da shi, mu duniya zai zama mai matattu, m hamada. Masana kimiyya a wannan rana ana karatu da ruwa da kuma da rawar a cikin jikin mutum.

Mun riga ya yi magana game da gaskiyar cewa da ruwa samu a Kwayoyin a cikin free kuma mamaye form. A farko da hidima don yada abubuwa - don canja wurin su a cikin cell da kuma fitar da shi. Kuma karshen lura:

• tsakanin zaruruwa.
• membranes.
• sunadarai na gina jiki.
• salula Tsarin.

Kuma free kuma mamaye ruwa a cikin cell ake bukata don yin wasu ayyuka, wanda za a tattauna daga baya. Kuma yanzu - 'yan kalmomi a kan yadda za ta shirya H2O kwayoyin.

kwayoyin

Don fara da, mun nuna a fakaice da kwayoyin dabara domin ruwa: H2O. Wannan shi ne matukar kowa abu a duniya, kuma ya kamata ka tuna da shi, saboda kwayoyin dabara domin ruwa ne sosai na kowa a fannoni daban daban na gwaninta. An, ba zato ba tsammani, a samu a duk jikin mutane ko da a hakori enamel da kashi, duk da haka, inda shi ne sosai kananan yawan - 10% kuma 20%, bi da bi.

Kamar yadda muka ce, fiye da jiki ƙaramin, da ruwa a cikin shi babu. Masana kimiyya sun bayar da shawarar cewa mu tsufa saboda gaskiyar cewa furotin ba zai iya kisa manyan yawan ruwa. Amma wannan, duk da haka, shi ne kawai a jarrabawa.

ayyuka

Yanzu zabi ayyuka na ruwa a cikin cell, mafi daga gare su kara bayyana daga wadannan jerin:

• H2O iya aiki a matsayin mai da sauran ƙarfi, kamar yadda kusan dukkan sinadaran halayen - ion - kuma yana faruwa a ruwa. Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai hydrophilic abu (wanda narke, misali da barasa, sugar, amino acid da sauransu), amma akwai ma hydrophobic (m acid, cellulose da sauransu).
• Ruwa za su iya aiki a matsayin wakili.
• Aikin sufuri, yawan zafin jiki kula da tsarin aiki.

Mun bayar da kowace daga cikinsu dauke dabam. Bari mu tafi domin, da farko a jerinmu - shi ne mai aiki na da sauran ƙarfi.

sauran ƙarfi

Ruwa ayyuka a cikin cell suna da yawa, amma daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci - shi ne don taimaka a cikin shakka daga wani jam'i na halayen. H2O kwayoyin za su iya aiki a matsayin sauran ƙarfi. Kusan duk a cikin halayen wani cell - ne ion, watau, da yanayi a cikin abin da suka iya daukar wuri - shi ne ruwa.

reagent

Wadannan ayyuka na ruwa a cikin cell - ne ta bangare a cikin sinadaran rekatsiyah faruwa a cikin jiki a matsayin reagent. Wadannan sun hada da:

• hydrolysis.
• Polymerization.
• photosynthesis, da sauransu.

Yanzu kadan game da abin da wakili. A sunadarai, da haka ya kira abu da hannu a wasu sinadaran halayen. Abu mafi muhimmanci - wannan shi ne abin da shi ne ko da hannu a cikin dauki, amma abu na magani a cikin wannan harka ba. A reagents a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje (a cikin daban-daban duk da haka aka kira su reagents) - shi ne quite na kowa.

Ruwa a matsayin reactant da hannu a cikin shirye-shiryen da sauran abubuwa jiki yana bukatar.

kai aiki

Me ya sa muke rayuwa? Jikin mu wanzu ne kawai godiya ga gaskiya cewa Kwayoyin suna da rai, wanda shi ne hada. Kuma suka kamata ba godiya ta zuwa ga na musamman tsari da kuma wasu daga cikin siffofin da H2O kwayoyin. Mun riga mun ambata cewa ruwa - shi ne wani ɓangare na jikin mu, kuma kowane cell ƙunshi wadannan na musamman kwayoyin, kuma mafi musamman, da fari a cikin abun da ke ciki.

A kai na ruwa a cikin cell aiki - shi ne wani dalili na H2O a jikin mu. Ruwa yana da wata alama - wani haske game da extracellular sarari, godiya ga gina jiki samu shiga cikin cell.

Wani ne ya san cewa jini da kuma Lymph ma ya ƙunshi ruwa, da kuma rashin shi take kaiwa zuwa wasu sakamakon: hemorrhage ko thrombosis.

thermotaxis

Abin da ake cikin ayyukan ruwa a cikin cell, mun ba tukuna farraba? Hakika, thermoregulation. Muka ce cewa ruwa ne iya zuwa sha zafin rana da kuma riƙe shi na dogon lokaci. Saboda haka, H2O iya kiyaye cell daga zafi fiye da kima ko undercooling. thermoregulatory aiki da ake bukata ba kawai ga guda Kwayoyin, amma kuma ga dukan kwayoyin.

tsarin aiki

Abin da ake cikin ayyukan ruwa a cikin cell, mun riga da aka jera, za ta zauna ita, don su bincika duk da haka wani dalili - shine kula da tsarin tantanin halitta.

Shin ka taba yi kokarin matsi ruwa ruwa? Ko da a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don cimma wannan ne musamman wuya. Wannan dukiyar da ruwa wajibi ne domin ya kula da siffar da tsarin kowace cell.

Ka tuna har abada: rayuwa shi yiwuwa ba tare da ruwa. Mun ji ƙara jin ƙishirwa lokacin da jiki hasarar game da 3% ruwa, da kuma asarar 20%, da Kwayoyin mutu, kuma, saboda haka, mutane ma. Ci gaba da lura da yadda ruwa da yawa za ka sha.