Poster - Menene wannan? Ma'ana da iri posters

A duniya ta yau, wani Poster - shi ne da wani abu ya saba da abin da wani mutum na fuskantar sau da yawa a rana, kuma haka sun koyi su yi watsi da shi. Duk da haka, kawai shekaru 100 da suka wuce wannan abu ya kasance a gimmick da kuma sa duk waɗanda suka gani da shi, da tsayawa a sha'awa da kuma gaskata duk abin da aka rubuta a kan shi. Yadda ya yi da Poster? Mene ne wannan? Abin da irin posters can? Bari mu sani game da shi.

Ma'anar kalmar "Poster"

Da farko, wajibi ne a fahimci da definition wani suna dauke.

Poster kira talla ko farfaganda image, tare da wani kananan rubutu ko wani gajeren slogan. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, posters ake samar a manyan tsare-tsare a jere daga A3.

Wani lokacin ake magana a kai a matsayin wani Poster ko posters.

Yawanci, wadannan hotunan an saka a kan ganuwar da kofofin da gine-gine, ko a Musamman yankunan. Wasu magoya posters okleivayut daga gidajensu.

A wani more kunkuntar ji na cewa kalmar nufa wani takamaiman irin graphics.

Har ila yau, wannan suna ne daya daga cikin shahararrun wallafa na farfaganda Tarayyar Soviet aka kira shi, ya wanzu daga cikin tsakiyar 70s zuwa 2006. Cikin wannan lokaci, "Poster" na musamman ba kawai a cikin eponymous samar batun, amma kuma a buga katunan gaisuwa, hotuna, photos, da dai sauransu . n.

A etymology na lokaci a karkashin review,

Gano da amsoshi ga tambaya: "Abin da yake da shi - da Poster", yana da daraja idan akai la'akari da asalin na suna.

A karo na farko a cikin Rasha da harshen da kalmar da aka rubuta a 1704 har ƙarshen XIX karni, duk da haka, shi da aka rayayye amfani.

A Rasha ta zo daga Latin, Faransa da kuma Jamus harsuna. A faɗuwar rana Roman 'yan ƙasa sau da yawa amfani da da kalmar placatum, wanda ake kira da ad.

Bayan 'yan ƙarni a cikin harshen Faransanci da aka kafa daga fi'ili placatum plaquer ( «naleplyat wani abu"). Kuma ya, bi da bi, da gudummawar zuwa fitowan da fi'ili suna placard.

Daga Faransa lokaci da aka aro ta Jamus da kuma dan kadan modified - das Plakat. Shi ne a cikin wannan tsari na suna ne a cikin Rasha harshen, kuma ya tsira a wannan rana.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da wani ban sha'awa gaskiya: a Faransa a yau placard lokaci yana da wuya amfani, maimakon ainihin kalmar affich. A Turanci kasashen shi ne ake kira da Poster.

Features Poster

Hoton wannan irin yana da yawan musamman siffofin da cewa rarrabe shi daga sauran bugu kayayyakin.

Da farko, wannan ne manufa ga abin da aka halitta: to jawo hankalin hankalin wasu da su lãbãri game da wani abu. A wannan batun, posters da inscriptions a kan su yawanci sanya manyan da kuma haske. Bugu da kari, sun yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin na rubutu, ba don taya zaune a yanki dogon karatu da kuma ba su da ikon da sauri fahimtar ma'anar.

Matsayin mai mulkin, da rubutu a kan Poster - wannan shi ne wasu Catchy slogan (sau da yawa tare da wani kashi na ci mutumci ko wordplay) da kuma sunan wani samfurin ko sabis, domin faɗakar da kai cewa sanya wannan hoton.

A labarin da Poster

M da yakin neman posters aka farko amfani da mutãne, a cikin d ¯ a Misira. Duk da haka, yayin da posters sun kama runaway bayi.

A Helenawa da Romawa sun kasance mafi m da kuma al'adu. Su yi amfani da leaflets da hotuna da rubutu don sanar da cinikayya bada shawarwari, kazalika da posters ga gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

A farko Poster (a cikin zamani ji) aka fentin da oda na Birtaniya Mai sayar da littattafai Batdolda 1482 Kasuwa da shi kokarin tallatar da wani sabon edition na "Euclidean lissafi".

Bayan haka, da dama ƙarni posters sun bayyana quite rare. Duk da haka, a cikin tsakiyar XIX karni. Faransa lithographer Zhyul Shere yanke shawarar ci gaba da ra'ayin Batdolda. A 1866 ya bude nasa studio, kwarewa a samar da posters a Paris. Cheret, kamfanin wata babbar nasara. Domin kamar wata shekara, ya halitta a kan dubban haske posters, kiran ku dõmin ku don halartar wasanni ko nune-nunen. Kowace daga ta Poster - shi ne mai real aiki na gwaninta, wanda aka dukkan yi da hannu. Af, Cher hõrarru cikin ka'idojin da art zane posters cewa ba rasa su munasaba a yau.

By ƙarshen XIX karni. posters sun zama wani ɓangare na wani muhimmin taron. A lokaci guda sun zama ƙara ba za a yi amfani da matsayin posters da kuma talla da wani kaya ko ayyuka.

Mazauna na Rasha Empire a cikin shekaru kyawawan kyau san abin da Poster. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da XIX karni a cikin wannan ƙarnin. halittar talla image ya zama Popular a cikin daular. Wannan ne hujja da cewa a wannan lokaci shi ne World Nunin na posters da aka gudanar a Rasha.

Tun farkon da XX karni da m promotional images an rayayye yi amfani da siyasa agitation. Da gwarzaye a cikin wannan harka Faransa fara sake.

Musamman ya karu da yin amfani da siyasa posters bayan yakin duniya na farko. Don tura matasa maza tafi kamar yadda masu sa kai zuwa gaban, kazalika da kudi taimako ga dama 'yan asalin jihar, buga da kuma kusaci da dubban posters a duk kasashen Turai.

Bayan juyin juya halin na 1917 a cikin ƙasa na tsohon daular 'yan shekaru don ƙirƙirar daya kawai irin image yaƙin neman zaɓe - siyasa Poster. Ma'ana shi daidai fahimci duk da shugabannin jihar, don haka sau da yawa irin wannan kayayyakin ake samar a karshe na kudi, maimakon bada su ga yunwa ta fara addabar 'yan ƙasa.

Tare da farko na yakin duniya na II a duk faɗin duniya sun fara buga anti-farkisanci posters. A kusa da shi ya tafi zuwa ga nasara a kan Nazi Jamus, da more kaffa suka wãyi gari.

Bayan da aka kafa zaman lafiya a Turai, mafi yawan} asashe (ciki har da Tarayyar Soviet) iya sake mayar da hankali a kan farfadowa da kansa tattalin arzikin. Daga wannan lokacin har a yau, musamman rare fara yin amfani da posters da kuma hotunan da suka shafi ostrosotsialnyh matsaloli (shan barasa, shan kwayoyi, yin laifi), m sanarwa (game da wani lafiya rage cin abinci, a kullum, immunizations da sauransu. N.).

Irin posters zuwa ga makõma

Bayan aikatã game da ma'ana da kuma tarihin wannan lokaci, yana da daraja biya da hankali ga ta iri. Saboda haka, abin da su ne posters ga manufar halittarsu ne?

• Talla. Wannan category ma ya hada da wasan kwaikwayo da kuma movie posters na nune-nunen, taro, talla da sauransu. N.
• Bayani. Babu inda ake kiran, kawai magana game da wani abu. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, wadannan posters da yawa rubutu da kuma 'yan images. Wadannan sun hada da monographs da posters.
• Training. Musamman tsara a matsayin dan littafi, na inganta mafi assimilation na bayanai.
• Shiriya. A cikin wani taƙaitaccen da kuma m hanya zai yiwu samar da bayanai a kan dokoki na hali a wurare daban-daban da kuma m na'urorin.
• Siyasa. Su ne babban Hanyar yakin neman zabe a lokacin zabe.

Irin posters akan Hanyar ga halittarsu ba

Har ila yau, bayanin images bambanta a cikin hanyar da a da suka yi.

• Kusaci da hannu. A mafi tsoho da kuma lokaci-cinyewa nau'i na posters. Yau, kusan ƙwace graphics edita cewa ba ka damar kusantar da wani Poster a kan kwamfuta, sa'an nan a buga shi.
• Allo-siliki-allon bugu. Wadannan posters aka sanya yin amfani da wani sa na shaci, cewa ba a bukata ta su mahaliccin musamman m basira.
• Buga. Mafi na kowa da kuma sauki Hanyar domin samar da bayanai da kuma talla images. Yau, ya samu nasarar maye gurbin duk sauran hanyoyi.