Pituitary: abin da yake da shi da kuma abin da yake tasirinta a jiki?

Daya daga cikin manyan gabobi da tsarin endocrine ne pituitary gland shine yake. Mene ne shi, har yanzu suna a makaranta. A gaskiya, wannan bangare na kwakwalwa da cewa shi ne alhakin samar da hormones da taimakawa wajen kula da haihuwa aiki, girma, dace metabolism a cikin jiki. Duk wani da ya wuce kima, ko kasa yawan pituitary hormones tsirarwa, a wani hali da shi take kaiwa zuwa tsanani cuta.

Pituitary gland shine yake - abin da yake da shi?

Babban aikin da pituitary gland shine yake - nuna hormones a isa yawa ga m aiki na jikin mutum. Saboda wannan tsari ne da za'ayi, da kuma kira na melanin, hormone gonads da adrenal gland, ci gaba da kuma saka idanu na da tilasta yin aiki da aiki, kazalika da ci gaba. Rarrabe gaban, raya da kuma matsakaici pituitary.

agara lobe

Tropic hormones samar a cikin agara pituitary, shi ne:

• somatotropin, shi ne ke da alhakin girma.
• adrenocorticotropic hormone wanda rinjayar da daidai aiki na adrenal.
• thyrotropin - iko da ayyuka na thyroid gland shine yake.
• gondatropiny (follikulotropin da lyuteotropin) ta da da aiki na jima'i gland, kuma lyuteotropin alhakin samar da estrogen da androgen, da kuma follikulotropin - da samuwar maniyyi a cikin maza da kuma ci gaban follicles a cikin ovaries a mata;
• prolactin - An kai tsaye da hannu a cikin samuwar madara a cikin ƙirãza, da cewa shi ne alhakin lactation.

A ci gaba da irin wannan cututtuka kamar wada ko gigantism, acromegaly, Cushing ta ciwo, Simmonds-Glinski cuta lalacewa ta hanyar wani wuce haddi ko rashi na wani hormone wanda yake da alhakin samar da pituitary gland shine yake. Alamun cutar na iya faruwa a wani wuri shekaru, da kuma a cikin balagagge.

rikon rabo

A matsakaiciyar sulusi da murabba'i samar da melanocyte haramta motsa hormone. Su suke da alhakin pigmentation na gashi, fata da kuma akan tantanin ido. A lokacin daukar ciki, misali, shi ne sau da yawa ya lura da irin wannan sakamako, kamar yadda da duhun fata. Wannan shi ne saboda da karuwa da melanin, wanda shi ne alhakin da samuwar da pituitary gland shine yake. Mẽne ne, kuma me ya sa akwai yanzu bayyananne.

Amma adalci-skinned mutane tare da ja gashi, wanda "bai tsaya" tan, suna dako na mutated gene da hormone tsoka mai amsa sigina alhakin pigmentation.

na baya lobe

Hormones vasopressin da oxytocin ake samar da baya lobes, wanda kuma pituitary gland shine yake. Mene ne shi, abin da suke su ayyuka? Su main aiki - su shiga a cikin tsari da jini matsa lamba, tsoka sautin, ruwa metabolism. Su ma alhakin aikin al'aura gabobin, jini, wasu m ayyuka da kuma jini clotting.

Daga oxytocin dogara tsoka ƙanƙancewa na mahaifa ganuwar, hanjinsu, gallbladder, shi ne da hannu a cikin kasafi na madara ducts, located ciki da nono.

Rawar da vasopressin ne mai muhimmanci. Yana shirya aiwatar da fitsari samuwar kuma ruwa-gishiri aiwatar a cikin jiki. Idan shi ba zato ba tsammani tana daina aiki daga, shi zai zama mai kara kuzari ga bunkasuwar irin cututtuka kamar ciwon sukari insipidus, wanda ake dangantawa da wani babban asarar ruwa.