Peggy Guggenheim: biography, photos, da ayyukan

Margaret Guggenheim, aka sani a duniya ya zama majiɓinci daga cikin zane-zane, gallery mai, art tara da shuni, an haife shi a New York a kan Agusta 26, 1898. Yana gangara a tarihi karkashin sunan Peggy Guggenheim. Ta taimako ga ci gaban zamani da lafiya art ne sosai invaluable. Peggy shi ne auta na uku Biliyaminu Guggenheim - a manyan American industrialist na Yahudawa zuriya, wanda ya mutu a kan jirgin "Titanic" a watan Afrilu 1912.

Biography. farkon shekaru

A wallafe game da rayuwar Peggy 'yan jarida sau da yawa rubuta game da gaskiyar cewa' yan mata da yara da aka ba wani farin ciki daya. Ta girma ne m, kuma nedolyublennosti saboda iyayenta rayu ransa: uwarsa aka ada zama socialite, kuma da wuya ya yi magana da mijinta da 'ya'yansa, da mahaifinsa duk lokacin da ya aiki samun wani miliyan. Bugu da kari, ya shafe mafi yawansu ya lokaci a Turai, daga iyali. Duk da haka, tunanin na Peggy iyaye iyali sauran ... A wata hira, ta ce ta ƙaunace ta iyaye da kuma cewa daga cikin yaro ta tsira quite m tunanin. Lokacin da ta ke da shekaru 13 na haihuwa, akwai wata masĩfa: uba na iyali, tare da sakataren kasance a kan "Titanic" fado. Kamar yadda iyali labari, Mr. Benjamin ya ba har wurin zama a cikin kwalekwale na ceton rai zauna a kan jirgin, sai na karshe na biyu taimaka mata da kuma yara. Daga wannan rana mahaifina ya ga Peggy gaskiya gwarzo, kuma a yaba memory na shi ta rike har zuwa karshen kwanakin ransa.

A hanya zuwa art

Yana da wani iyali masĩfa ba zato ba tsammani canza rayuwar mata. Ta zama magajin mahaifinsa matsayi milyan. Duk da haka, domin su hade da dama na gado, ta ya jira har sai da shekaru rinjaye. Kafin wannan, ta kasance a cikin kula da kawunsa Solomon Guggenheim - arziki mutum, shahararren dan kasuwa, mai girma connoisseur kuma ya zama majiɓinci daga cikin zane-zane. Duk da dubun richness na kawu, ta ji kamar wani matalauci aboki a gidansa da kuma bai ji dadin yawa soyayya da kuma tsari na su uwan. Domin a yayin da ta yi aiki a kantin sayar da littattafai, wanda ya nuna aikin avant-garde marubuta, a nan ta gana da m zukatan lokacinsa.

Paris, Paris!

Bayan Peggy Guggenheim ya zama ya fara tasawa, kuma ya gaji mahaifinta bar a Jihar 2500000 daloli, shi ne daga New York tafi zuwa ga babban birnin kasar na zane-zane - Paris. Ga matasa mace samun shiga cikin m of "ruri Twenties." Paris 20 ta kasance cibiyar m da talented artists: marubuta, mawaka da kuma artists. Kafin wani gado, ba shakka, buɗe ƙofofin duk wadanda mutane boudoirs, inda za a beau Monde. Kowace rana, fadada da'irar ta abokai da kuma acquaintances: Natalie Barney, Mey Rey, Dzhuna barns, Romeyn Bruks - kuma wannan shi ne wani bai cika jerin celebrities wanda ta kewaye da kanta tare da. Rayuwa tare da kawunsa - mai girma lover na zane-zane - da gudummawar da ci gaba a ta mai ladabi da dandano. Peggy Guggenheim halartar daban-daban nune-nunen, ya gana da surrealist artists, shi kare su, aka tsunduma a samar da fina-finai, Lights sama da samar da kansa gallery, kuma wannan karshen fara saya da zanen.

Ƙirƙiri tarin

Ta yanke shawarar da ya sa mahaifinta bar babban birnin kasar a cikin zanen. Kuma a cikin yin haka, yana taimaka wa Marsel Dyushan - sanannen American artist, art sharhi. A ajiye tare da shawara, ta ke tsunduma a cikin saye da aikin da aka ba a gane da kuma kunno kai artists. Ba da da ewa ya bayyana cewa ta na da wani m gwaninta - diraya, wanda taimaka ta da zabin da alamar ayyukansu. Saboda haka, Peggi Guggenhaym Collection fara da za a bayansa da zane-zane da ta artists wanda a nan gaba a cikin shagon don fitarwa. Ga wasu daga cikinsu :. Kandinsky, Dali, Picasso, Tanguy, Cocteau, Pollock, da dai sauransu halitta, ya samu wani song ayyukan fara tashi a darajar, ya riɓaɓɓanya Jihar Peggy Guggenheim. A daya hannun, wasu artists da su fitarwa a cikin art duniya bashin arziki American wanda wazo inganta su kerawa. Da yake karkashin ta taimaka, da suka kai wani m rayuwa, jawabin da ta kudi da kyau, da kuma kokarin kowane yiwu hanya ya faranta mata. Maimakon ta shirya su nune-nunen, da daraja abokan ciniki da suke a shirye don saya da zanen.

galleries

A 1938, bisa P. Guggenheim Guggenheim Jeune farko nuni a London kan Cork Street sun zane-zane ta hanyar Zhana Kokto kuma yana da babban rabo mai girma. Kuma bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Peggy sayi up mafi yawan aikin da surrealist kuma m artist, ƙawata su ban sha'awa tarin. A nan, a wani London gallery, ta nuna aikin da matasa Yaren mutanen Poland artist Kandinsky, sa'an nan Yves Tanguy. A farkon '40s, Peggy ne tunanin game da samar da galleries a Faransa babban birnin kasar, da kuma ko hayan wannan sarari. Duk da haka, da mamayewa na farkisanci sojojin hana aiwatar da ta ganewa, ta an tilasta su bar Paris da kuma tafi farko zuwa kudu na Faransa, da kuma daga can - gidansa a New York. A nan, da ta bude da gallery Art of Wannan Century, wanda nan da nan ya zama daya daga cikin mafi gaye da kuma asali showrooms a Amurka babban birnin kasar na zane-zane.

gidan kayan gargajiya

Up har 1946, shi gudanar tsakanin Turai da Amirka a search na cancanci zane-zane domin tarin, wanda aka girma kowace rana da kuma a bayansa da m Masterpieces. Its matuƙar manufa - don ƙirƙirar nasu Peggy Guggenheim. A shekaru uku da ta, tare da tarin musharaka cikin daban-daban nune-nunen biyu a cikin Amirka, da kuma a Turai. A farkon 50 ta ta zo a cikin Biennial a Venice. Hakika, a nan shi ne kafin, amma a yanzu ta gane cewa shi ne lokacin da za a yi dogon-tsaye mafarki - ya kafa gidan kayan gargajiya da cewa zai |ai ne Yake da ita, sanannen Peggy Guggenheim! Venice, a ta ra'ayi, da wuri mafi kyau domin shi. Ta sayayya mai kyau snow-fari fada dama a kan bankunan na canal, a nan daukawa ya tarin zane-zane da sauran rarities, qawatawa kome zuwa ga liking. A nan, ta yanke shawarar da ya kwanta da kuma ciyar da sauran ransa.

Kamar yadda aka bayyana zamani Peggy (Margaret) Guggenheim

Young, eccentric, ɓarna, kuma wayo, m kuma mai kuzari, ba kyau, amma kyawawan. A tsakiyar adadi na da ban sha'awa size bayyana ta fuskar hanci - a iyali hali, wanda shi ne ba sosai, kuma ganimar da shi. Duk da haka, ko ta yaya ta yanke shawarar enlist taimakon wani wukar yin aikin tiyata, amma a karshe lokacin, shi ne riga a kan aiki tebur, watsi da ra'ayin. Ta abokai yi imani cewa, tun da rasa da hanci, zai yi hasãrar ta iyali flair - ikon ji wari da kudi, riɓaɓɓanya su, kuma ku ciyar cikin hikima.

Personal rai

Babu shakka, wani American miliyoniya gado Peggy Guggenheim, wanda tarihin rayuwar aka buga a cikin littafin Out na wannan karni: ikirari na wani art shan tabar wiwi, a kan dokin ya haihuwa da aka dauke da wani enviable amarya. Ta yi mai yawa magoya daga m iyalansu, amma ta zabi shi Lawrence Weil - poluamerikantsa-polufrantsuza, polupisatelya-poluhudozhnika. Tare da shi ya tafi da farko Peggy cinye Paris. Ta daga baya ya rubuta cewa wannan aure ya kasance ta ban tausayi kuskure. Ko haka ta iyali tunani cewa ta iya ba ko da tunanin yadda daya zai iya rayuwa a kan $ 100 a watan jiya. Duk da haka, a farko gado na aka kawai fascinated da mijinta, wanda ya kasance saba da ta Faransa beau Monde, kuma tare da duk gani na da babban birnin kasar da kuma makiyayarta. The aure dade shekara bakwai kuma ya ba ta 'ya'ya biyu - Sinbad da Peggin. Weil kullum cheated a kan matarsa a karshen ta mallaka kudi. Duk da haka, ya lura cewa, su bayyana ba na zuwa gare shi, kuma da ita, kuma suka ƙi Peggy, ta iyali, ta kudi. Ya kullum birgima jama'a scene showdown da babbar smashing crockery, yin watsi da daga windows na daban-daban batutuwa, musamman ta takalma da kuma jakunkuna. Peggy san cewa na dogon lokaci ba zai iya ci gaba. Sai ta hayar wani lauya da kuma sake ewa ba, amma bai soke shi abota, da kuma ci gaba biya masa takardar kudi. Weil shi ne na farko tsanani soyayya na Peggy Guggenheim. Photo shi da ta yi dogon kiyaye a cikin ta jaka. Bugu da ƙari, an fahimci cewa shi ne dangane da Weyl bude har ta kofofin zuwa duniya na manyan mukaman beau Monde.

Men P. Guggenheim

A karo na biyu ta aure da marubuci Dzhonni Holmsa. Ya kasance mai girma ilimi, amma bai san yadda za a yi kudi. Amma yana tare da mai girma babbar sha'awa da aka shafe arziki da kuma daraja kadan matarsa. Domin Marcel Dyushanom Peggi aka ba aure, amma su ma da alaka soyayya dangantaka, haka ma, shi ne shi ta tunani ta jagora a duniya na art, ya shawarta a rayuwa da kuma mafi kyau majalisar ba da shawara. Shi ne mai zane-zane Iv Tangi lover Peggy ta wuya a ce, amma saboda shi, ya sami daraja. To, akwai mutane da Semyuel Bekket - marubuci, kuma nan gaba ta Nobel, Gerbert Halaka - Amirul Order na Garter. Domin Maksa Ernsta Margaret Guggenheim aure a karo na uku. Ya mai girma fenta ya lokaci, kazalika da m lover kuma wani womanizer. Peggy dauki shi tare da su daga shagaltar da Paris don New York. Ba da da ewa da zane-zane ƙawata collections ya istinbadi matarsa. Peggy kira mai kula da mala'ikan avant-garde da surrealist. Kamar yadda ka gani, duk da manyan mutanen galeristki sun talented mutane da suka yi suna hade da shi a amfanar da dangantaka: Su suna janyo hankalin ta dũkiya da Peggy da ta - su kerawa.

A fim "Peggy Guggenheim: a rana ba tare da art"

Tun shekarar 1948, sanannen gallery mai zaunar a kan gaba daga cikin Adriatic Sea, a wani m Venice. Duk da cewa a cikin samartaka Peggy ji kamar wani matalauci aboki a cikin iyali, daga baya ya zama mafi shahara wakilin iyali na Guggenheim. A Venice, ta rayu a gidansa, rike da retinue, aka gudanar gondola da kullum yanã tafiya a cikin tashoshi a cikin retinue, ado a cikin wani turquoise launi. Irin tuna da ita a cikin wani shahararre birni. Ta kanta duba sosai barna, ta images yi ko da yaushe aka bambanta da asali. Ta na son a sa riguna da kuma na'urorin haɗi a Afirka style: da yawa daga gashinsa, m headgear, m necklaces. Yana lalle ne daya daga cikin ababuwa mata na ta lokaci, da kuma cewa a shekarar 2015 da talented darektan
Lisa Immordino Vreeland aka yin fim alama fina-finan na Peggy Guggenheim. A fim ya gaya game da ita rayuwa, game da ita m diraya, wanda da gudummawar da aka kafa ta, kuma ba shakka, game da ita mutumin, ta "tattara" a cikin wannan hanya a matsayin hoto.