Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve: jan hankali, photos

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin shahararrun fada unguwannin mu arewacin babban birnin kasar. A kowace shekara, dubban masu yawon bude ido zo Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve a birnin Pavlovsk janyo hankalin ba kawai mu compatriots, amma kuma baƙi daga kasashen waje. Kuma ba tare da dalili: akwai wani abu a ga.

A Jihar Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Rasha): Tarihi

The sosai farko yarjejeniya a kan waɗannan ƙasashe ya bayyana a cikin tsakiyar XIII karni. Shi ne mai kagara "Town a kan Slavyanka". A cikin XVIII karni akwai Finnish kauyen Seppel da Lynn. Empress Catherine Mai girma, da ziyartar kusa Tsarskoye Selo, zo farautar nan. Domin ta bariki biyu katako gidaje da aka gina tare da m sunayen - Krak da Crick. A farko daya ƙone a lokacin yakin duniya na II, a lokacin da garin ya shagaltar da ta Jamus, da kuma na biyu saboda dilapidation da aka dismantled a 1929.

A Disamba 1777 Catherine II ya ba da ƙasar (362 gona wajen kadada) tare da dukan ƙauyukan da mutane na dan - Pavel Petrovich da matarsa Maria Feodorovna bayan haihuwar da farko yaro - nan gaba Rasha Sarkin sarakuna Alexander I.

A shekara daga baya (a 1778) akwai aka gina biyu wajen fadin size na fada - Paullust da Mariental. Da yawa daga baya a kan site aka gina shi Paullust Pavlovsk Palace, wani wuri Mariental dauki Bip sansanin soja.

Paul a 1786 ya fara gina Pavlovsk Palace. Project marubucin ya Charles Cameron. A cikin fall na 1796, Paul na ni'imtar da matsayi na gari a kauyen. A 1788, Sarkin sarakuna, wanda ya yi a baya sau da yawa kasance a Gatchina, ya Estate na Maria Feodorovna - matarsa.

A 1801, bayan da sarki ta mutuwa, Maria Feodorovna zauna a wani fada a tsaye a cikin dumi kakar. Duka fada da wurin shakatawa rike da yawa sasanninta hade tare da ita sunan. Alal misali, a lambu, ko a ware kwarai m Pavilion. Kafin yaki na 1812 da kwamandan soja na birnin ya zama almara Petr Ivanovich Bagration.

Bayan rasuwar Maria Feodorovna (1828) Pavlovsk zama dũkiyar Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, ɗan'uwan Nicholas I. A wannan lokaci, Pavlovsk ne rayayye gina da kuma sanye take da zamani, jin dãɗin: Eleninskaya kwata aka gina, shirya da Alexander makaranta a wadda yara koyi da tsakiyar aji na 'yan kasuwa, da kuma marayu.

A ƙarshen XIX karni, birnin Pavlovsk ya zama cibiyar m al'ada: akwai wani sanannen music tashar. A waɗannan shekaru akwai sau da yawa yawa da suka shahara composers da kuma masu kida. Tun wannan lokacin, Pavlovsk aka zaba ta hanyar lambu.

Bayan da 1917 da juyin juya halin , birnin da aka sake masa suna a Slutsk. Saboda haka aka kira har 1944. A lokacin yakin duniya na II Pavlovsk aka shagaltar da Nazi sojojin. Dvorets Pavla a lokacin ritaya daga cikin Jamusawa ƙone, kuma a wurin shakatawa a lokacin zama an sare fiye da 60,000 itatuwa. m tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments kasance halakakku.

A tarihi, sunan birnin da aka koma a shekarar 1944. Bayan yaki da aka yanke shawarar kafa da sabuntawa. Yana dade har 1973.

A shekarar 1989 Pavlovsk aka hada a UNESCO Heritage List. Yau, 42 na ajiye na abu kare ta jiha da kuma shi ne al'adu da tarihi Monuments. Pavlovsk - dan yawon shakatawa cibiyar, wanda aka ziyarci shekara ta fiye da rabin mutane miliyan.

Pavlovsk Palace

Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Rasha), yawon bude ido suna fara koya daga wannan zinariya datsa da fari fada. An gina a kan bankunan na kogin Slavyanka sanannen m Charles Cameron a cikin XVIII karni. Pavlovsk Palace ne a bayyane daga ko ina a cikin birnin da kuma wurin shakatawa. Storey tsakiyar jiki shugaba da wani lebur Dome 64 shigar a kan ginshikan. galleries colonnade da alaka da tsakiyar gini tare da gwamnati da ginin. Wadannan samar da gaban yadi da ciwon kofaton siffar.

Lokacin da suka zo a kan karaga, Paul na, Pavlovsk An ayyana kasar na sarki zama. A ƙarshen XVIII karni da m V. Brenna aka za'ayi fadada a gidan sarauta.

Sama da hukuma jikinsu sun biyu benaye ana gina. Sun gina wani biyu semicircular fuka-fuki, wanda aka kusan rufe da gaban yadi. More on daya bene na gallery tashi ɗakin. Duk wadannan canje-canje, da tsakiyar gini na fada ya kasance babban abu a cikin halitta. Ya fice alheri da size.

Features na gine-gine

C. Cameron zaba babban kashi kayan ado fari ginshikan. Sun yi wa ado da facades na babban gini, suka haifar da m waje gallery, tam goyi bayan Dome. Don kari da firamare wanda ya canja memba zaba bakin ciki ganye acanthus frieze, wanda encircles da dukan gini, kazalika da uku na medallion da Bas-taimako sassaka da kamã da jũna image, gine da kuma zanen a kan babban facade.

Sabon gina gidaje Brenna ado da stucco moldings - rawanin da monograms fada masu. Kawai a iyakar da fuka-fuki ya kafa portals kunsha na baƙin ƙarfe ginshikan. Suka ze bude ƙofar farati ƙasa. Wannan compositional bayani a yarda to danganta sabon da kuma tsohon gine-gine a wani guda gungu.

A fadar a cikin XIX karni

Gine-ginen Yahaya. Quarenghi da Voronihin a farkon na XIX karni kammala zane na fada facade. A wannan lokaci, akwai wani marmara shirayin da baranda balustrades. A 1807, P. Gonzaga rufe daya bango na gallery tare da frescoes. Ya nuna arcades da matakala monumental gine-gine. Wannan gallery ya shiga tarihi na Rasha gine kira gallery Gonzaga. Shahararren Carlo Rossi a 1822 posted a kan ta library da asali arched windows. busts da masana falsafa da aka kafa therebetween.

Pridvortsovy shakatawa

Halittar wannan musamman shakatawa ya fara a 1780 a wani gari da ake kira Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve yau ne mai girma misali na wuri mai faɗi art. An invaluable rawa a cikin samuwar Pavlovsk gungu taka leda m Charles Cameron. Ya halitta a cikin lokaci daga watan Julin 1782 zuwa 1807 ayyukan da aka gina haimõmi da colonnade na Apollo, Grand Cascade, shafi "Qarshen Duniya". A zane qawata shakatawa Kentavrovym, humpback da Black Bridge.

Musamman bambancin a wurin shakatawa m na'urorin a wani gari kamar Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve (ko kuma wajen, wani ɓangare na shakatawa) yanzu shagaltar da ta gari, ginin, don haka abin da ya a cikin sama kai na da Slavyanka kusan haɗu da birnin. Its m part kara zuwa da kewaye daji.

Bishiyoyi dasa a wurin shakatawa, don haka da cewa Private Aljanna da fuka-fuki na fada ne kusan ganuwa. Da kyau sosai view daga Colonnade a fadar kewaye kungiyoyin na itatuwa.

Private lambu

A duk yawon bude ido da ziyartar Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve sa mai girma ra'ayi. Daya daga cikin mafi kyau sassa na Pavlovsk Park ne yadu a matsayin Private Aljanna. An located a Pavlovsk Palace, dab da ɗakunan ajiya na Empress Maria Feodorovna. Dole ne in ce cewa shi ne sosai, masani a cikin furanni, kuma ta iya tattara wani sosai manyan tarin su.

Private lambu a cikin style na kananan Dutch da kuma Faransa gidãjen Aljanna da wata Aljanna a wurin shakatawa. Bare zuwa karkarar ba a yarda, cikin lambu ya kasance a wurin natsuwa, na fada Runduna. A kudancin gefen gonar lambu, a kan wani babban terrace, ina ƙaunar aiki Paul I.

Mutane da yawa rare shuke-shuke da aka dasa a cikin lambu. Su Bloom tutur, daya bayan daya. A lambu yana da wani biyu sunan - "Haikalin Flora".

Kabarin na Paul na

Wani janye, wanda alfahari Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve a wurin shakatawa ne mai ban tunawa - kabarin na Paul I. Yana ba kabarin sarki. Paul na, aka binne shi a St. Petersburg a cikin Bitrus da Bulus Cathedral.

A cikin wata wasika zuwa ga Dowager Empress ya kira shi "wani abin tunawa", kuma a cikin kwangila tare da m Carlo Visconti, ya aka jera a matsayin "Haikali". Its ba sunan - kabarin na Paul na, ko kabarin na mata-mai kyautata. Wannan gini - wani haraji ga sarki da matarsa.

Kwaikwayo na bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya

Reviews na Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk" (Rasha) za a iya bayyana kamar haka: duk ya ziyarci wannan ban mamaki wuri magana game da haske kwaikwayo daga tafiya. Masu ziyara a lura da cewa, duk da kananan adadin da gidan sarki, da shi aka karin a cikin ladabi da richness na ado. Amma ga shakatawa, shi ya ƙunshi dukkan baƙi jin dadi sosai: da m yanayi, da kyau-groomed lungu, kwazazzabo furanni masu zaman kansu lambu suna calming.