Opilkobeton: reviews magina. Monolithic ganuwar opilkobetona

Wannan abu da aka yi da lafiya, da tsabta da na halitta gyara (opilkobetona abun da ke ciki: yashi, siminti, itace kwakwalwan kwamfuta). Tare da wani abun ciki na Organic filler (kwakwalwan kwamfuta), irin tubalan da kyau sauti mamaye yi da kuma a low matakin na thermal watsin. By ta sigogi, wannan abu ne Mafi m tare da itace da haka na samar da wani ingancin microclimate a wani zama yankin.

Yin hannuwanku

opilkobetona na tubalan iya ba kawai saya, amma kuma yin nasu, ka yi wannan za ka bukatar:

• kwayoyin filler kamar itace kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ko sawdust.
• sulphate alumina ko lemun tsami.
• Portland sumunti M300.
• ruwa.
• ma'adinai kari, wato, waterglass, alli chloride, sodium sulfate da ammonium acid.

Opilkobeton za a iya bambanta da abun da ke ciki da kuma shirye-shiryen da fasaha, da abun ciki na ma'adinai Additives da binders. Domin ya kara da ƙarfi, da aka fi amfani yashi.

Production opilkobetona za'ayi bisa ga wadannan makirci:

• Mix da pre-auna da rabo daga yashi, siminti, lemun tsami da kuma filler.
• a cikin jirgin ruwa tare da ruwa ta soke duk samar ma'adinai kari.
• bayani da aka shirya, don ƙara zuwa cikin shirye bushe cakuda.
• dukan abun da ke ciki ne sosai gauraye.

Wajibi ne a lura da cewa a shirye gyara dole ba marmashe a hannunka. Idan wannan bai faru, shi wajibi ne don ƙara binders da kuma sake duk sosai. Solidification da hardening horar raka'a ne jinkirin, sabõda haka sũ, suka tattara ƙarfi, ya kamata dauki 'yan watanni.

Matsayin mai mulkin, yana yiwuwa, don samar da duwatsu na daban-daban masu girma dabam sanya wannan abu. Don yin wannan, kana bukatar ka yi musamman siffofin da suke da mai ciruwa kasa. Sai suka zuba yadudduka shirya cakuda da kuma ci gaba da compacted, bayan kammala dukkan dole izni ga zuba. Bugu da ari, tubalan bukatar da za a cire da kuma aika zuwa wani wuri da ba ya samun rana ta haskoki da danshi, inda suka karshe zastynut kuma zai sami zama dole ƙarfi.

masana'antu dokoki

Domin yin ingancin opilkobeton, kana bukatar ka bi wasu sharudda:

1. Sawdust da aka kara wa ruwa bayan kawai idan suna sosai gauraye da yashi binders a bushe siffan. Kuma da ruwa gudana kawai a cikin kananan rabo tare da ban ruwa mazurari da kananan ramuka.
2. Tsakiya da Bugu da kari na ruwa an dauke su ta adadin, tun da abu karancin za a washe. Kuma idan akwai wani wuce kima adadin - bushewa da kuma hardening so ba daidai ba ne.
3. Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar ka duba ingancin abu. Idan duk abin da aka yi shi daidai, da matsawa a cikin dabino daga cikin abu ba fada baya da kuma zai ba da sauki zafi.
4. Da zarar da fakitin ne cikakken warke, ta surface dole ne a da kyau sake rubuta a kan duk bangarorin da sumunti ko plaster. A formwork za a iya cire bayan kwanaki 5 za a gudanar.
5. Domin mika rayuwar ganuwar wannan abu, za ka iya canza plaster domin fuskantar bulo.

quality

Akwai daban-daban na kayan gini, wanda aka yi amfani da shiri na gidaje, daga gare su, musamman ware opilkobeton, wanda yana da musamman abũbuwan amfãni:

• wadannan albarkatun kasa za a iya dangana ga category na hur kankare.
• abu da ciwon isasshe mai kyau thermal rufi Properties.
• bango daga irin wannan tubalan na 40 cm a thermal watsin sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da wani tubali bango kauri daga 1 m.
• sauti rufi yi shi ne da yawa fi da cewa misali kankare.
• Wannan abu ne halin da sanyi juriya, wuta juriya da kuma ruwa tururi permeability (shi jure yanayin zafi na 1100-1200 digiri game da awa 2.5), wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi nasa ne da rukuni na jinkirin-kona jamiái.
• tsabtace muhalli.
• cikin dukan iri hur kankare shi yana da matukar low thermal watsin.

Duk wadannan m halaye ya opilkobeton. Reviews magina nuna cewa wannan abu ne ma samuwa da kuma rashin amfani, wanda sun hada da hygroscopicity. Ruwa sha shi ne daga 8 zuwa 12%. Amma wannan drawback za a iya saukake. External ganuwar liyi tare da tubali shakka bukatar da wasu sauran hanyar sa gama na facade, game da shi, kare ganuwar daga fadowa cikin haddi danshi.

Kafin samar opilkobetona kwakwalwan kwamfuta dole sarrafa ruwa m qagaggun wanda zai rage yi hygroscopic.

An dauke da muhimmanci cewa wannan abu ne da sauƙi kawota machined, don haka a lokacin da gina ganuwar ba zai zama mai yawa sharar gida.

rarrabuwa

Kamar yadda da dukan iri kayan gini, opilkobeton tubalan za bi da Gost 6133-99. Suna classified bisa ga irin sigogi:

1. Anfani:

• yi nufi ga kwanciya da ciki da kuma m katangu.
• bangare sassa ana amfani ne kawai domin gina bangare katangu.

2. siffar:

• m - da ta ramukan da ake kafa a cikin masana'antu tsari (wannan na yi ba domin ya ba da ake bukata yi naúrar).
• full-bodied - ko bangare bango rabo cewa ba su da wani ciki wõfintattu.

3. Girma:

• daidai da Gost sama, domin kwanciya da tubalin ganuwar iya samun wadannan girma: 288h138h138 mm 288h288h138 mm 290h190h188 mm 390h190h188 mm 90h190h188 mm kuma 190h190h188 mm;
• girman bangare sassa: 390h90h188 mm 590h90h188 mm 190h90h188 mm.

Shi ne kuma zai yiwu a samar da tubalan da sauran da ake buƙata girma.

kudin na

Katako dutse, da na itace ko dutse, kamar yadda shi ne ake kira opilkobeton, shi ne kuma quite cheap abu. Opilkobeton, farashin wanda yake low, aka dauke su mafi araha a lokacin da idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayan. Alal misali, daya bango naúrar wanda ƙaddara 390h190h188 mm samar daga yashi, kuma screenings a kasuwa ne kamar 23 rubles. Stone, wanda yana da guda girma, amma an yi shi da opilkobetona, zai zama mai rahusa ta 3-4 rubles, kuma a lokaci guda shi ne mafi hur da dumi.

Af, shi zai iya maye gurbin tubalin 7 (kudin daya - 5-7 rubles). Abu ne mai sauki yin lissafi da cewa bango a cakuda sawdust kuma kankare zai zama 2.5 sau maras tsada fiye da tubali. A wasu kalmomin, to gina wani gidan akwatin 8 da 8 mita bukatar 20,000 tubalin, mai shi zai biya dubu 140 rubles kawai ga duwatsu, wannan adadin biya domin masonry shugabanninmu da 40,000 rubles domin yashi da sumunti. Idan muka yi amfani da opilkobeton, farashin irin wannan gine-gine za su Range daga 100 zuwa 150 dubu rubles. Yarda, ri amfani.

M tare da sauran kayan opilkobeton: Farashin da cubic mita na tubalin zai zama ya fi kudin wani shigen sukari cinder block 3 sau, halitta dutse shigen sukari - 2 sau, cinder block - a 1,5 sau.

masana'antu da fasaha

Domin yadda ya kamata shirya opilkobeton, da gwargwado dole a lura cewar girke-girke. All sinadaran za a iya saye a wani kantin sayar da ga cikin ginin. Dalili ne kwakwalwan kwamfuta, shavings, sawdust ko wani sharar gida daga itace aiki Enterprises. Don shirya duwatsu M20 alamomi dole dauki 200 kg na sumunti, 50 kg daga lãka da lemun tsami, 500 kg da yashi, kuma 200 kg na sawdust.

aka gyara domin yin itace tubalan shi wajibi ne raraka, kuma idan ya cancanta, shi ne m niƙa. Domin sieving bukatar sieve 10x10 mm. Sa'an nan cikin shirye sinadaran zuwa jiƙa a cikin salts cire m sakamako na sugary abubuwa da yin sama da itace filler da siminti da dutse. Kamar impregnation ba incombustible abu kaddarorin da kuma kare da rauni da kuma rot fungi. Domin wadannan dalilai iya amfani da sodium sulphate, lemun tsami, alli chloride, aluminum, sodium, potassium, ko ruwa da gilashi.

Opilkobeton kneading, rabbai na wanda aka bi daidai, mafi kyau a cikin wani kankare mahautsini ko a wani irin mahautsini, kamar yadda hannuwa gudu wuya isa. Woody filler an gauraye da sumunti da yashi, lemun tsami da aka kara bayan (lãka) da kuma sake duk da kullu ne sosai gauraye. Sa'an nan kananan rabo bukatar ƙara ruwa. Sa'an nan sosai gauraye da sakamakon taro.

A don ƙayyade ko cakuda shi ne shirya, kana bukatar ka matsi da shi a hannunka. A ƙãre cakuda za a iya gani a matsayin wani na roba gudan jini ba tare da wuce haddi danshi. A shirye nauyi kamata a fadada bisa ga siffofin da hankali compacted haddi iska ya fita gaba daya. Wannan duk dole ne a yi sauri, saboda bayan 1.5 hours, cakuda an riga an kafa.

Stringent bukatun ga size da kuma siffar ba shirye tubalan. Da nisa size ne mafi sau da yawa a tsare ganuwar, da tsawo ne a mahara da dama layuka na tubalin (la'akari therebetween bayani). Wannan zai zama musamman m lokacin da karshen za a superimposed a kan tubali veneer opilkobeton. Reviews magina nuna cewa ba lallai ba ne su yi manya-manyan tubalan, kamar yadda za su yi tsawo a bushe, da kuma shrinkage nakasawa ne muhimmi. Don kauce wa irin wannan matsaloli, da su ke yi a 'yan ramukan. Domin samar da manyan duwatsu shirya guda ko biyu.

mafi kyau don amfani siffofin da cewa za a iya cika daga 4 zuwa 9 da duwatsu domin kananan block masu girma dabam. Domin su masana'antu fi amfani da jirgin kauri daga 30 mm, sa'an nan suka obbivayut tin, roba fim, roba, linoleum, ko wani abu, da mannewa da sumunti wanda zai zama kaɗan. Waje kamu form P-aron kusa da kwayoyi a kan iyakar. Ga manyan Tsarin bukatar samar da ƙarin dangantaka ko haƙarƙari.

reviews

Kwanan nan, sau da yawa sosai amfani a gina wani low-cost da kuma high quality-abu kamar opilkobeton. Reviews na magina, wanda sau da yawa aiki tare da shi don tabbatar da ta main abũbuwan amfãni. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Environmental aminci. Wannan abu da aka yi da kawai na halitta gyara (yashi, sawdust, ciminti), kuma da ita samar da babban muhalli friendliness.
• A cikin sharuddan ruwa tururi permeability kuma sha za a iya idan aka kwatanta da itace.
• Ya cikakken gana da tsafta da kuma hygienic nagartacce.
• Saboda da low thermal watsin da littattafai, da kuma voids da suke da shi, gidan opilkobetona zama dumi isa.
• Kananan rabo iya rage kudin da harkokin sufuri da kuma shigarwa na tushe.
• Ta sauƙi aiki ƙwarai simplifies da yi. Irin wannan tubalan za a iya fasa, ya fadi na sukar sosai sauki, kuma ba zai zama da wuya a nan gaba ya fitar da wani ƙusa a cikin garun opilkobetona.
• A kayan yana da high ƙarfi a lankwasawa da kuma tashin hankali.

Duk da dukan abũbuwan amfãni, daga magina iya ji korau comments game da wannan kaya. A disadvantages sun hada da wadannan:

• A gwada da babban matakin ruwa sha, wanda na bukatar ƙarin matakan domin neman kariya daga danshi.
• Akwai bukatar mu ƙara ciminti abun ciki a cikin block a gina benaye da dama. Wannan na iya kara kudin, tabarbarewar rufi da kuma kara da kafuwar ƙarfi bukatun.
• Akwai gwada da babban mataki na shrinkage, wanda dagula aiki a kan karewa.

Yadda za a gina wani gidan daga tubalan

House opilkobetona a kan duk kiwon lafiya Manuniya zai yi kyau sauti rufi da zafi kariya halaye. Saboda da manyan yawan iska pores wanda yake a cikin littattafai, da ganuwar zai daidaita riƙe zafi da kuma a tabbatar da halitta samun iska daga cikin gabatarwa, game da shi, rike ganiya zafi.

Daga opilkobetona samun isasshen kasafin kudin gina Haikalin (farashin kaya da aka yi nazari da mu sama). Bugu da kari, da tubalan, sai dai cewa za ka iya saya a wani kantin sayar da hardware, shi ne mai sauki yi da kanka. Ya kamata ka san cewa wannan abu dole ne a shirya a gaba ga kwanciya, idan ka yi shi da kanka. Don yin wannan, dole ne a bushe watanni da dama.

An kwanan zama m ga zaman kansa yi, ta amfani tubalan na daban-daban masu girma dabam domin shi, dangane da bukatun. Ganuwar irin albarkatun kasa zai zama isasshe da karfi, da haske da kuma maloteploprovodnye. Idan yadda ya kamata gina, su za su dauwama a sosai dogon lokaci.

Kamar yadda muka ce a sama, opilkobeton yana da babban danshi iya aiki. Saboda bayan gina wani bango shafe zama dole, amma aikata shi mafi kyau bayan cikakken shrinkage (wannan tsari zai dauki kimanin watanni 8).

Bath daga opilkobetona, kamar yadda gidan yana da ya zama da karfi, don haka tabbata ga ƙarfafa garun katako, slats ko brushwood, wanda ya rigaya an tsarkake daga haushi. Shirye bawuloli an sanya kowane 40 cm a dama layuka. A wannan yanayin, da yawa hankali ya kamata a biya zuwa sasanninta, kuma ganuwar mãtan aure.

M alamu ga masana'antu tubalan

A manyan yawan artists don su yi aiki ta amfani da opilkobeton. Reviews magina wannan abu ne mai kyau da kuma zai zama da amfani idan za ka yi shi da kanka. Domin samar da high quality-raka'a, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da yawan shawarwari:

• to sosai bushe tsakanin bukatar barin gibba.
• kafin zuba cikin kayan cikin molds su aka sanya a kan trays kuma yafa masa wata na bakin ciki Layer na sawdust.
• cakuda ya kamata a da shãfe haske, don wannan dalili, magina sau da yawa amfani da hannunka-rammer.
• bushe tubalan mafi alhẽri a shirye a cikin daftarin, saboda wannan rage yawan saitin lokaci.
• dole ne mu manta da cewa shi iya ruwa, idan akwai wata kãriya ba, ya kamata a shirya polyethylene a lokacin da za a rufe da kayan cikin hali na mummunan yanayi.

Domin gano yadda karfi da sakamakon abu, shi ne mai yiwuwa a gudanar da gwajin. Domin wannan shirye naúrar ragu daga wani tsawo na 1 m, to, idan ya m - Saboda haka, da kyau ingancin shi.

Erection na monolithic gidaje

Yau dauke sosai gaye da m m yi. Masters sau da yawa amfani monolithic opilkobeton. Domin gina da irin wannan dole ne ya kwanta a saman kafuwar waterproofing biyu yadudduka na yin rufi abu. A cikin hali na wani low tushe don kammala wani yawan layuka bulo masonry. Sa'an nan kuma Ya daidaita formwork abu wanda zai iya zama a matsayin karfe zanen gado, allon, ruwa-resistant plywood.

A tsawo daga cikin garkuwoyi dole ne a shigar kimanin 60 cm. A lokacin da ya zuba na farko Layer gefe na tushe a cikin ƙasa hadarurruka sanƙarar da dukan tsawo daga cikin ganuwar. A zaba abu don garkuwoyi wedged tsakanin gefen saman na kafuwar, sa'an nan fil ake hada da juna guda na da sanduna, yayin da wadanda wanda aka located a tarnaƙi garu, ta hanyar tightening da waya.

A ƙarshen cika turaku dole kasance cikin ganuwar, sa'an nan za su iya amfani da kayyade allon lokacin permutation na formwork da kuma bayan yi za a kammala a matsayin mai zaman kansa - don m da battens a ta.

A shirye cakuda da aka zuba opilkobetona yadudduka, da tsawo daga wanda ba ya wuce 15 cm, sa'an nan sosai compacted. A lokaci daya da bango za a iya tashe kawai ta 20-30 cm, bayan da bukatar yin hutu don 5-7 kwanaki. Kowane 40 cm lengthwise shi dole ne a karfafa tare da katako, slats ko karfe raga.

Bayan cika da aka kammala, da bel da aka aza a saman katako, wadda za ta kara zama a matsayin goyon baya ga rufin abubuwa. Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga kare sabon ganuwar daga danshi. Don wannan karshen, nan gaba rufin da aka yi tare da fadi da overhangs, da kuma facade ne mai rufi.

Ba tsada sosai gina Haikalin. Opilkobetona farashin ne m ga talakawan jama'a na kasar mu. Yi za su bauta shekaru da yawa, da ganuwar, gina daga wannan abu ba ya bukatar thermal rufi, da kuma masonry na 40 cm zai samar da kariya daga sanyi, ko da a -35 digiri.