Nama: nama aiki Properties. A abun da ke ciki da kuma kaddarorin nama

Rawar da nama a cikin abinci na wani mutum ba za a iya overestimated. Jitu da kuma daidaita abun da ke ciki da kuma kaddarorin nama daga a tarihi mai nisa sanya wannan samfurin makawa a cikin mutum rage cin abinci.

Ma'adanai samu a nama

A abun da ke ciki na nama hada da sunadaran (amino acid lysine, leucine, valine, isoleucine, tryptophan, threonine, phenylalanine, methionine - 20%), lipids (m acid - har zuwa 3%), ma'adanai (bitamin na kungiyar B, PP, E da kuma K - 1%), hormones (nitrogen da nitrogen-free extractives - har zuwa 2%) da kuma danshi. Wannan samfurin - babban maroki na phosphorus kashi zama dole domin gina kashi, kazalika da salon salula metabolism.

Abin da ake nufi da kalmar "nama" a masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci

Nama ne da tsoka zaruruwa da suke kewaye da kyallen takarda - mai, connective, guringuntsi, jijiya da kashi da jini. A wasu lokuta, da ake kira offal - hanta, zuciya, koda, diaphragm, kwakwalwa, guringuntsi, naman dabbobi da esophagus harsuna. Seafood da kifi ba su shafi da nama.

A cikin masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da aka fi amfani da nama da dabbobin gida tashe don yankawa. More wuya, da samfurin kafe amfani da tsoka nama na dabbobin daji, da abubuwa masu rarrafe, da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa. Na bayar da muhimmanci ne kasa halaye na masu amfani da kuma samuwar samfurin.

Fresh, chilled da kuma daskararre nama

Dangane da thermal jihar na raw nama ne zuwa kashi sabo ne, chilled da kuma daskararre.

Biyu wannan samfurin da aka dauke, idan daga lokacin da na kashe ba fiye da 6 hours. Shi ne mafi muhimmanci cikin sharuddan ilimin da dandano. Tun sabo ne nama da sauri tabarbarewa.Idan, an sanya a cikin firiji da kuma yarda su kwantar da yawan zafin jiki na zaruruwa da ƙasũsuwa shin 0 ... 4 digiri Celsius. A sanyaya, cikakken ripened samfurin da aka hõre da m daskarewa.

Dafuwa da fasaha Properties na nama ake kiyaye idan daskarewa da kuma defrosting za'ayi daidai. Daskarewa kamata a yi sauri a tura yanayin da defrost sannu a hankali, ba tare da yin amfani da kayan aikin da accelerates da narke.

Nama rabo cikin Categories dangane gawa fatness

Naman sa a fatness ne zuwa kashi farko da na biyu Categories. A zagaye na farko za a tagged hatimi, na biyu - da square. Launi shunayya stigma. matasa nama bugu da žari alama da harafin "M", wanda aka sanya wa da dama daga cikin category na fatness.

Naman alade nama ne zuwa kashi uku Categories fatness da akayi m stigma:

- m alade :. Backfat kauri - 4 cm hatimi madauwari.

- naman alade naman alade: backfat kauri - 4.2 cm madauwari hatimi da harafin "B" ..

- naman alade nama :. Backfat kauri - 1.5-4 cm hatimi square.

- alade - trimmings. A stigma na wani square.

Lokacin da azanci shine Evaluation na raw nama da aka kimanta da wari, bayyanar, launi, daidaito na subcutaneous mai, tendons kuma broth quality, wanda aka welded gwajin samfurin.

Abin da ya kamata ya zama ingancin chilled nama?

Kadarorin nama ba hõre daskarewa, da wadannan:

- kodadde ruwan hoda ko kodadde ja zaruruwa.

- a yanka nama kadan rigar, amma ba m.

- daidaito ne m, na roba, da dint na latsa yatsa da sauri baje.

- romon nama m.

- sansana m, m ga wani ba jinsunan.

- mai naman alade - fari, nama - hasken rawaya.

- dafa broth bayyanannu, tare da m dandano da dandano mai kyau.

Quality defrosted nama

The kaddarorin da nama, an hõre daskarewa, ya kamata:

- ja zaruruwa.

- nonelastic zaruruwa, taushi da daidaito, dents ta latsa yatsa ba masu hada kai.

- broth turbid, samar da wani yawa na sikelin, akwai wani jinsin ƙanshi.

Nama na mazan dabbobi da bambanci ga matasa yana da wani duhu launi, m, m, kuma m tendons kuma fina-finai.

offal

Specific nauyi alade offal - 17%, da na tumaki - 20%, a cikin dabbõbin ni'ima - 24%.

Sinfi na farko da sinadirai masu darajar hada da wadannan offal: hanta, da harshenka, kodan, kwakwalwa da kuma zuciya daga dukan nau'i na shanu, da nono, diaphragm, da naman sa wutsiyoyi da naman tunkiya.

Na biyu: da shugaban ba tare da harshe, huhu, da ƙananan kafafu, lebe, saifa, esophagus, makogwaro, iri daban-daban na shanu, da shugabannin da raguna, da na tumaki, da harshe da kuma na kwakwalwa, da wutsiya, kuma hanjinsu na naman alade, tripe, rennet, kaltyk, fetlock hadin gwiwa, da kunnuwa da naman sa da kuma naman alade.

Features dafa abinci offal

A mafi girma mabukaci darajar ne da-kayayyakin na farko category:

- Hanta - godiya ga gaban yawa bitamin A da kuma B, hormones, alli, da baƙin ƙarfe, da jan karfe. A cikin shiri domin yin amfani da abinci da samfur ne free na bile ducts, kuma tare da naman sa, a Bugu da kari, cire tef. A hanta da ake amfani da dafa pies, stewing da frying.

- The kodan. Bã su da fari da mai da kuma takamaiman wari. Tare da fim koda cire, yanke kitsen da tsomasu a tsanake cikin da dama ruwa ga 4-5 hours. Soaked samfurin da aka cika da sabo ruwa, ya kawo a tafasa da kuma Boiled for game da minti 5. The ruwa ne drained sake, wanke tare da koda, sake cika da ruwa da kuma tafasa har dafa shi. Dafa koda ake amfani da frying, sautéing kuma soups.

- nono amfani ga kek cika. An yanka a cikin da dama sassa, manyan tasoshin an cire, a wanke da ruwan sanyi da kuma wuce ta hanyar wringer sau biyu.

- Harsuna sosai wanke buroshi, kankara kashe m datti da wuka da kuma tafasa a cikin ruwan sanyi. A fata da aka cire daga cikin ƙãre zafi harsuna a karkashin wani jet na ruwan sanyi.

By-kayayyakin na biyu category - da fetlock hadin gwiwa da kuma kunnuwa - a hankali singe da wuta, scraped datti da kuma tattaka narkar da ruwan zãfi. Fetlock hadin gwiwa sara tsawon kuma sanded tsakanin hooves. Wadannan da-kayayyakin da ake amfani da shirya jellies.

tsuntsu

Kaji nama - mai muhimmanci da abinci da samfur. Ya kunshi sauƙi digestible sunadarai, hormones, fats, bitamin da kuma ma'adinai salts. A rabo daga high-sa sunadarai, kuma m characterizing da nazarin halittu darajar da samfurin, kamar kaji, shi ne 13: 1. Da abun ciki na gina jiki da dogara a kan jinsi, shekaru, da jinsi, irin da fatness. Kaji dauke da har zuwa 22%, geese da ducks - game da 18%, turkey - har zuwa 24% na gina jiki na jimlar nauyi na gawa. The adadin kitse a ducks ya kai kashi 50 daga cikin gawar nauyi, geese - 38%.

Jima'i siffofin da kadan sakamako a kan kiwon kaji da nama. The kaddarorin da nama na wadannan dabbobi saboda shekaru, wanda aka ƙaddara da alãmarsu. A cikin maza, da wannan hari. A yearling zakaru ya kai gare shi 2 cm a tsawon. A watanni shida hari ne a kananan protrusion. A tsohon kaza kafafu rufe m m fata. Age na hens ne ma ƙaddara da ƙarshen keel kashi. A matasa dabbobi shi ne na roba, gristly, bends sauƙi, tsohon - wuya, ossified.

Nama waterfowl mafi duhu fiye da naman turkeys da kaji. A geese da ducks fiber launi ba ya dogara ne a kan wurin da tsokoki, da kuma a turkeys da kaji kafa tsokoki duhu launi fiye da a kan fikafikan da ƙirãza.

Fat - na biyu na asali halayyar, a cikin abin da kaji da nama da aka kiyasta. Kadarorin nama-ciyar da mai tsuntsaye suna dauke da mafi kyau. Kaji, ducks, geese, turkeys da farko category da babban adadin na mai.

Tips don samar da nama aiki

- tsuntsu kafin dafa cire wuce haddi da gashinsa, goga gari ko bran da soyayyen a cikin wuta, ja da fuka-fuki daga jiki da kuma kafafu. Sauran kututture janye daga tare da hanzaki.

- Don ci gaba da ƙara sabo ne nama daga cikin firiji, shi ne saukar da zuwa 1-5 minti a cikin salted ruwan zãfi. Kamar wancan ne bi da samfurin iya zama ga dama, kwanaki adana a wani sanyi, ventilated, da isar da kwari.

- Nama za a iya adana a waje da firiji da dama days idan nade shi a likkafanin lilin tsomasu a tsanake cikin karfi vinegar. Kafin amfani, da samfurin ya kamata a wanke da ruwan sanyi.

- A cikin rashi na ko da wani firiji a lokacin rani, a zafi weather, da nama zai kasance sabo ga 'yan kwanaki, idan ga Rub shi da sabo lemun tsami ruwan' ya'yan itace da kuma ci gaba a cikin wani sanyi ventilated yankin. lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace repels kwari.

- Ajiye naman za a iya sa shi a greaseproof takarda, sa'an nan kuma a wani zane impregnated da wani karfi Saline bayani. Ya kamata ya zama rigar zane lokaci-lokaci don kiyaye shi bushe.

- Idan haihuwa naman sa naman dabba kafin dafa grate mustard a kan kõwane wuri, shi zai zama mafi m da sauri zama taushi. Kamar kafin dafa shi ya kamata a rinsed tare da ruwan sanyi.

- M nama zai dafa sauri idan hana shi cin abinci tare da guduma. The ruwa a cikinsa shi ne brewed, shi wajibi ne don zuba 2-3 tbsp. vinegar.

- Lokacin da tunzura nama a cikin tanda shi fesa ruwan zafi ko broth. Daga cikin ruwan sanyi, shi zai zama tauri.

- Don nama ya yi yawa bushe a cikin tanda, inda ake shirya, ya sa wani akwati na ruwa. Evaporates, shi ya hana a samfur daga bushewa.

- Lokacin da dafa nama da ciwon takamaiman wari rumen msl, ya sa a cikin ruwa gawayi (2-3 guda). Ya garwaya da wari.

- The hanta zai dandana fi kyau idan sharkaf da dafa shi a cikin madara ga 2-3 hours.

- Fresh raw hanta idan da shirye-shiryen da ya kamata a dage a wani lõkaci, ci gaba daga bushewa fita, smeared da man fetur.

- sausages kuma sausages sau da yawa fashe a cikin wani ruwa mai zãfi. Ba za su iya dafa a duk, da kuma toya, ko tururi sosai a cikin wani ruwa mai wanka.