Moscow ta ayyuka gidajen lama. Data kasance Rasha gidajen lama

musamman ƙidaya da aka gudanar a shekara ta 1914. Its manufa - addashin Rasha gidajen ibada, da lambar kuma yawan mutanen da rai a gare su. A wancan lokaci, muna kidaya 1025 m gidajen lama. Karkashin Soviet mulki bar su 16. Bisa ga 2013, a Rasha akwai game da 700 gidajen lama, amma wannan adadi yi dabam kamar yadda kullum bude up sabon gida mai kyau.

Lama na Moscow: tarihin

Domin bayyanar da Rasha babban birnin kasar ne sosai halayyar da majestic ginin Cathedrals, majami'u da kuma gidajen lama. Babbansu su - da Epiphany da kuma Danilov, kafa a rabi na biyu na karni XIII. Manyan-sikelin gina sufi fara a cikin marigayi XIV karni. A wannan lokaci a cikin birnin bayyana Ayyukan al'ajibai, Andronikov, Simonov, Sretensky, Kirsimeti gidajen lama. Mai majami'u a Moscow bayyana a cikin XVI-XVII ƙarni. Ya kamata a lura cewa a wannan lokacin sufi ba kawai ya bayyana, amma kuma rufe. Alal misali, a 1626 ya daina wanzuwa Elias sufi. Da dama gidajen da aka rufe a zamanin mulkin Peter I.

A farko geodesic shirin na gari, da aka buga a 1739, ya nuna duk da gidajen lama na Moscow (addashin). A wancan lokaci, akwai 28. hudu daga cikinsu sun kasance a rufe a cikin wannan karni.

rasa sufi

Bayan juyin juya halin (1917), duk gidajen lama na Moscow da aka soke. Wasu daga cikin su aka gaba daya hallaka, sabon gine-gine da aka gina a inda suke. Saboda haka ya bace Voznesensky da Chudov gidajen ibada, kazalika da Zlatoust, Mai Tsarki kuma Nikita. Wasu (sosai kananan rabo) zama gidajen tarihi. Wannan shi ne Don, Novodevichy Convent. Kawai a cikin marigayi '90s da halin da ake ciki ya fara inganta coci cloisters. Mafi yawa daga cikin tsira gine-gine na sufi koma zuwa ga coci. A da yawa gidajen da yanzu jurewa sabuntawa. Yau a kan ƙasa na Moscow 22 aiki gidajen lama. Tare da wasu daga cikinsu za mu sanar da ku yau.

Active sufi a Moscow

Da farko ina son magana game da Danilov, ko Danilovsky, sau da yawa kamar shi ne ake kira, sufi. Yana da mazaunin Mai Tsarki da sarki. Shi ne mafi Moscow sufi, kafa a 1282 ta dan Aleksandra Nevskogo, Daniil. Bayan mutuwarsa an binne shi a yankin. Kusan hudu ƙarni, ya rage aka koma zuwa wani wurin daban, kuma a cikin 80s koma a cikin Danilov sufi.

A 1812 sufi da aka lalatar da Faransa, sa'an nan a mayar. A lokacin mulkin na Bolsheviks shi aka rufe, da hurumi aka rushe. Jana'izar Rasha celebrities - Nikolaya Gogolya, Nikolai Rubinstein, Nikolai Yazikova aka canjawa wuri zuwa Novodevichy Convent. Daga shekarar 1931 zuwa 1983 a cikin wannan yankin da aka a mallaka ga yara masu laifi.

A shekarar 1983 ya koma zuwa ga mai tsarki mazaunin Orthodox Church da kuma cikakken mayar.

An located a adireshin - Danilovsky a shaft 22 (Metro tashar "Tula).

Male Donskoy sufi

Kafa a 1593 ta dan Ivana Groznogo, Fedorom Ioannovichem. Farko a wurinsa, a lokacin yakin da Crimean Khan Giray, aka jerin gwanon coci. Bisa ga labari, da nasarar sojojin Rasha taimake lashe Don icon na Uwar Allah. Ta yanzu a cikin Tretyakov Gallery.

Donskoy sufi da aka hõre looting da kuma lalata - a farkon 1600 ta kuma a cikin kula da sojojin Faransa a 1812.

A 1917 aka rufe, da karkararta ne a gidan kayan gargajiya na architecture.

A 1991, Donskoy sufi, da rashin alheri, mai dogon jinkiri da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Moscow Patriarchate. Wannan rana yana dauke da rana ta biyu ranar haihuwa. Tun daga nan, da sufi sake inganci.

Makõmarsu adireshin - Don yanki 1 ( "Shabolovskaya" tashar jirgin karkashin kasa).

Novospassky sufi

Haka kuma an kira da Tsar, saboda ga ƙarni da karkararta aka binne shi sarauta personages da kuma mambobi na grand sunayen. Yana da aka kafa a cikin XIII karni, Prince Daniel. Yana da aka canjawa wuri sau da yawa. A halin yanzu sufi, photos na wanda za ka iya gani a wannan labarin, da aka gina a 1645.

Bayan juyin juya halin da sufi, kamar wasu da dama, an rufe. A da karkararta halshen NKVD kurkuku. Hurumi da kaburbura Zakharins, Romanov da sauran 'ya'yan sarakuna ba iyalan aka barbarously hallaka. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu a nan aka located sobering-up tashar. Tun shekarar 1968, a cikin sufi housed da Museum sabuntawa. Tun wannan lokacin akwai fara maido aiki a cikin tsira gine-gine.

A shekarar 1990, ya aka koma zuwa ga Orthodox mũminai, kuma sake fara zama a matsayin aiki sufi.

Ya adireshin - baƙauye yankin, 10 (Metro tashar "Proletarian", "manoma").

Moscow gidajen lama (addashin) ga mata

Pre-neman sauyi Moscow ne rightfully alfahari da ta coci gine-gine. Ikklisiya da kuma Cathedrals enthralled da waje baƙi. Kasa, za ka iya yaba da convents na babban birnin kasar.

Alexius sufi

A mafi tsufa Convent, kafa a 1360 ta Lardi Aleksy a Chertolye, a kan wani tudu a sama da River Mosca, a lokacin mai suna. Stone babban coci coci da aka gina ta domin na Ivan da Munin ta mahaifinsa, da yin addu'a ga haifi wani mataimaki a cikin shekarar 1514. The sufi ƙone, amma an rage sau da yawa. A 1547 ta ƙone zuwa ga ƙasa. A 1584, Ivan da Munin umurce su da su gina Alexius sufi a wani sabon wuri inda yanzu Haikalin Kristi Mai-Ceto. Wasu novices ba ya so ya bar tokar hadaya ta ƙonawa da saukar da sufi, da kuma a cikin wannan wuri da haikalin da aka gina da kuma mai suna da ganewa. Ya zuwa yanzu, dubban muminai suna yin addu'a da wuya game da dogon-jiran ganewa.

A Soviet sau, da yawa daga cikin gabatarwa na sufi da aka bamai, wasu hallaka. Located a kan ƙasa na yara mazauna da kuma gidajen yari.

A cikin shekaru 90 da sufi koma ga Orthodox Church. By 2010, an gaba daya mayar da sabon samu matsayi - aiki sufi. Hotuna da za ka iya gani a cikin wannan labarin, da kuma ta adireshin ne - 2nd Zachatievsky rariya 2 (Metro tashar "Park Kultury", "Kropotkinskaya").

Novodevichy Convent

Ya gina ta Prince Vasily III a dawo da tsohon birnin na Smolensk zuwa Moscow sarauta, a 1524.

A cikin tsohon kwana da shi shi ne mafi karfi da kuma arziki sosai sufi na kasar. Yana zo da wata mace daga daraja haihuwa, kuma ta dauki niyyar ba da sadaka da lu'ulu'ai, da zinariya, da lu'u-lu'u da azurfa.

By farkon XVII karni ya mai girma gungu, halitta a cikin style of Moscow Baroque aka kafa. Openwork kambi ado da hasumiya, da aka gina na biyu mafi girma kararrawa hasumiya a Moscow, kazalika da Church na ɗauka da refectory.

A tarihin Novodevichy Convent rike asirin novices wanda ya kasance a cikinta da suke so. Akwai aka languishing a zaman talala, da farko da matar na Bitrus I, Evdokia Lopuchin, noblewoman Morozova, Princess Sophia.

By mai farin ciki da daidaituwa, da sufi tsira a 1812. Duk da haka, bayan 1917, ya ba su kubuta rabo da ke jiran duk gidajen lama na Moscow. Data kasance a lokacin da sabon hukuma rufe shi a 1922. A nan na fara fansa daga mata Museum, wanda aka daga baya tuba a cikin wani art gidan kayan gargajiya. Za ka iya samun shi a wadannan adireshi - Novodevichy nassi, 1 (Metro tashar "Sport").

Nativity sufi

Duk da gidajen lama na Moscow - addashin da ya riga ya rasa - sosai daban-daban. Ba wai kawai a cikin "shekaru", amma kuma da gine-gine da style.

A 1386, uwar da gwarzo na Battle of Kulikovo, Vladimir da Brave, Princess Mariya Serpuhova kafa Nativity Convent. Yana da aka gina don tunawa da nasarar Kulikovo.

A farko sufi da 'yan'uwanku mãtã zama marayu da gwauraye na sojoji a fagen fama. Ba dole ne a ce cewa na dogon lokaci da Baftisma na Rus Orthodox tare da wani musamman girmamawa girmamawa sarauniyar sama. Ta duniya rai da aka sadaukar domin haikalin da kuma gidajen lama na Moscow. Mukaddashin yanzu, gidan Lãhira, a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri, ci gaba da haske memory na Virgin Mother. A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da ta haikalin da aka gina da baya a pre-Mongol lokaci. Daya daga cikin na farko Nativity Convent.

A kan lokaci da shi ya girma. A 1505, akwai wani dutse babban coci Mai Tsarki Virgin, shi aka kerata sau da yawa a cikin wadannan shekaru. A 1687, akwai wani coci a cikin sufi Ioanna Zlatousta. A 1836 aka gina shi da kararrawa hasumiyar da coci Evgeniya Hersonskogo. By m Vinogradov a 1906 da suka gina da Church na Kazan Uwar Allah.

A 1922 sufi da aka rufe kuma har zuwa 70-ies dukkan sufi gabatarwa aka shagaltar da zamantakewa Apartments. A marigayi 80-ies sufi da aka koma zuwa ga Moscow Patriarchate. Bauta ya fara a 1989, da kuma na farko da sufaye zo nan, a 1993. Tun daga nan, da sufi fara rayuwa a al'ada rayuwa auna. Ya adireshin - titi Rozhdestvenka, gidan 20.

Mun gabatar da ku kawai wasu daga Moscow gidajen lama (addashin). Bayani mansions mun nuna nan don saukaka. Idan kana son ganin su da idona - zo, kana ko da yaushe maraba.