Mene ne wani "matsananci-high iyaka" da kuma abin da yake da kwafi na obin na lantarki?

Deciphering da obin na lantarki - yana da "matsananci-high mita." Mutane da yawa zaton cewa wannan shi ne wani abu da wuya na abstruse filin kimiyyar lissafi da kuma ilmin lissafi, da kuma cewa shi ba ya shafi su. Duk da haka, halin da ake ciki ne quite daban-daban. Obin na lantarki na'urorin ya dade da aka daidaita a rayuwarmu, kuma suka za a iya samu a ko'ina. Amma abin da yake da shi?

Cikin kewayon obin na lantarki mitoci

Bayani obin na lantarki - matsananci-high mita electromagnetic radiation, wanda aka shirya a cikin mita bakan tsakanin infrared da nisa-filin UHF. Wavelengths wannan fanni ne daga talatin santimita daya millimeter. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa obin na lantarki wani lokacin ake kira da santimita kuma decimeter wavelengths. A waje fasaha adabi kwafi obin na lantarki - obin na lantarki range. An fahimci cewa zango ne sosai idan aka kwatanta da kananan cikin tãguwar ruwa na rediyo watsa shirye-shirye, waxanda suke da oda na dama da ɗari mita.

Kadarorin obin na lantarki

Tare da tsawon, irin wannan taguwar ruwa - tsaka-tsaki tsakanin haske radiation da sigina na rediyo, sabili da haka shi yana da kaddarorin biyu jinsuna. Alal misali, kamar yadda haske, wadannan taguwar ruwa propagate tare hanya madaidaiciya da kuma ma duk zoba fiye ko žasa da wuya abubuwa. Hakazalika zuwa ga haske radiation, obin na lantarki iya mayar da hankali, nuna, yada a cikin nau'i na haskoki. Ko da yake dikodi mai obin na lantarki mayar da hankali a kan "super" -high iyaka, da yawa antennas da radar na'urorin su ne 'yan girma version of madubai, ruwan tabarau da kuma sauran Tantancewar abubuwa.

ƙarni

Tun radiation na microwaves ne kama da igiyoyin rediyo, kuma da shi ne generated kama hanyoyin. Deciphering obin na lantarki da ya shafi yin amfani da igiyoyin rediyo don ta gargajiya ka'idar, amma saboda da karin iyaka ne mai yiwuwa a kara yadda ya dace da da amfani. Alal misali, daya kawai katako iya "kawo" dama up to dubban tarho tattaunawa lokaci guda. Kamance microwaves da haske, bayyana, a high yawa šaukuwa bayanai tabbatar da amfani a radar fasaha.

Aikace-aikace na microwaves a radar

Taguwar ruwa a cikin santimita kuma decimeter jeri sun kasance batun da ban sha'awa a cikin kwanaki na yakin duniya na biyu. Duk da yake akwai bukatar zuwa ga wani tasiri da kuma m wajen ganewa. Sa'an nan kuma mu bincika obin na lantarki ga su amfani a radar. A kasa line ne da cewa zafin, short hatsaisai aka kaddamar a cikin sarari, sa'an nan kuma wasu daga cikin wadannan haskoki da aka rubuta bayan ya dawo daga unknown m abubuwa.

A amfani da microwaves a harkokin sadarwa

Kamar yadda muka ce, deciphering UHF - matsananci high mita. Injiniyoyin da kuma masu gyara yanke shawarar yin amfani da wadannan igiyoyin rediyo saboda. A duk ƙasashe rayayye amfani da kasuwanci sadarwa line dangane da yaduwar high-kalaman makada. Irin wannan sakonni ba a duniya ta surface kwana da kuma a mike layin ta da gudun ba da sanda sadarwar tashoshin located a Heights jinkiri game da hamsin kilomita.

Ba ka bukatar yawa da wutar lantarki ga watsa, tun microwaves damar tsallaka mayar da hankali liyafar da kuma watsa, kazalika a tashoshin waye lantarki amplifiers kafin relaying. A tsarin na antennas, hasumiya, riwayar da masu karba ze tsada, amma yana biya kashe bayanai damar irin wannan tashoshi.

Aikace-aikace na obin na lantarki mitoci a filin na tauraron dan adam sadarwa

A tsarin na rediyo hasumiya don isar obin na lantarki sakonni a tsawon nisa iya kawai wanzu a kan ƙasar. Domin intercontinental tattaunawar ta amfani da tauraron dan adam wucin gadi, wanda suke a cikin geostationary madawwama biyu na Duniya da kuma yin repeater ayyuka. Kowane tauraron dan adam samar da dama dubu sadarwa tashoshi na high quality ta zuwa ga abokan ciniki na watsa talabijin da kuma wayar tarho sakonni lokaci guda.

Zafi magani kayayyakin

A farko yunkurin yin amfani da obin na lantarki mitoci abinci aiki samu tabbatacce, kuma ko da m reviews. Obin na lantarki tanda, a yau ake amfani da matsayin gida, da kuma babban masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci. Generated da high-ikon fitilu, lantarki da makamashi yana mayar da hankali a wani karamin girma, wanda damar da thermally bi da samfurin ne mai tsabta, m kuma shiru.

Gina-a obin na lantarki tanda, shi ne mafi mashahuri a cikin iyali, kuma za a iya samu a da yawa kitchens. Har ila yau, kamar al'umma nufi na'urorin da ake amfani da su a duk wuraren da sauri dumama da kuma shirye-shiryen abinci. Obin na lantarki tanda, da gasa, misali, shi ne cikakken zama dole ga kowane kashi mutunta gidan cin abinci.

Babban kafofin daga radiation

Ci gaba a cikin yin amfani da microwaves ake dangantawa da wasu na'urorin lantarki kamar a klystron magnetron da kuma cewa zai iya samar da wata babbar adadin high mita makamashi. Amfani da wani magnetron dogara ne a kan manufa da resonant rami, wanda bango ne inductance, da kuma sarari tsakanin ganuwar - capacitance resonant kewaye. The girma na wannan kashi ake zaba a kan dace resonant obin na lantarki mita, wanda zai dace da ake so rabo tsakanin capacitance da inductance.

Saboda haka, bidiyon dikodi na obin na lantarki - musamman high mita. The girman da janareta kai tsaye rinjayar da ikon irin radiation. Magnetrons kananan for high mitoci ne don haka kananan cewa su ikon ba zai iya isa wani m matakin. Matsalar shi ne ma daraja ta amfani da nauyi da maganadiso. A klystron aka partially warware, kamar yadda a cikin wannan wasu na'urorin lantarki ba bukatar wani waje filin.