Mene ne nakasassu? Mene ne na musamman game da nakasassu 'yan wasa?

Duk da kafofin watsa labarai magana game da gasar wasannin Olympics. Game su san miliyoyi suna jiran tsammani a gasar karfinsa rutin domin countrymen. Duk da haka, ba kowa da kowa ya san abin da nakasassu.

labarin

A gami da ake gudanar tsakanin mutanen da suke da nakasa. A gasar iya shiga duk mutane da nakasa, fãce ga waɗanda mutanen da suke da matsaloli tare da auditory ji.

Wannan ne nakasassu, mutane koya ba haka ba da dadewa, tare da fadada daga cikin kafofin watsa labarai, musamman na intanet. Amma kamar na farko Wasanni da aka gudanar da baya a shekarar 1960 a Roma. Bisa al'ada, sun kasance nan da nan bayan da gasar wasannin Olympics a wannan birni.

Na biyu nakasassu da aka gudanar a birnin Tokyo. Amma a cikin 1968, Mexico City, a cikin abin da a daya aya sun Olympic events, ki karbi bakuncin nakasassu. Tun daga nan, da gasar Olympics da Paralympics da aka gudanar a daban-daban birane. Kuma kawai shekaru 20 daga baya, a shekarar 1988, an yanke shawarar rike shi kuma a cikin wannan wuri.

A farko akwai kawai bazara wasanni, da kuma cewa shi ne da nakasassu hunturu wasanni, koya kawai bayan shekaru 16 tun da gano a shekarar 1976.

Primary kafofin da ma'anonin da kalmar

Daya daga cikin ban sha'awa facts ne cewa a cikin Rasha harshen babu irin wannan lokaci. Mene ne nakasassu? Tabbatar da dalilin da za a iya samu ne kawai a wasu kamus. Kalmar da aka aro daga turanci kafofin.

A m na nakasassu Wasanni aka dauke su Ludwig Guttmann - neurosurgeon daga Ingila. Ya farko je sama tare da ra'ayin gasar tsakanin mutanen da suke da rashin lafiya da cerebral palsy. Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa sunan cutar ya faru da sunan gasar.

A kan lokaci Paralimpiale zama shafa da kuma guragu, da dama sauran dysfunctions. Bayan da cewa, an yanke shawarar zuwa dan kadan canza ma'anar kalma. The kalmar "tururi" a Girkanci nufin "kusa". Sakamakon haka, nakasassu - "gaba ga gasar wasannin Olympics."

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

Ludwig Guttmann a 1948 ya zama Oganeza na gasar, wanda ya samu halartar Birtaniya yakin duniya na II Tsohon soji. Dukkan wadannan mutane sun laka rauni. Wadannan gasa da aka kira Stoke Mandeville Keken hannu Wasanni.

A shekarar 1952, gasar tsiwirwirinsu na duniya girma, tun lokacin suka shiga ta hanyar Dutch Tsohon soji. Tun daga shekarar 1960, da dokoki sun canza. A wasanni riga na iya sa mutane da nakasa shiga a wheelchairs, ko da kuwa da irin da irin nisan da cutar, kuma shi ne ba kawai da soja. A bisa ga al'ada, kamar yadda gasar wasannin Olympics, gasar da ya faru a Roma. Sunan suka samu daga baya nakasassu.

A shekarar 1976, cikin yanayi na nakasassu Wasanni sun canza sake. Baya da cewa da gasa da aka gudanar a cikin hunturu kakar, kamar yadda suka iya shiga ba kawai nakasassu a wheelchairs.

m yanayi

Kowane dan wasa wanda ya sallama aikace-aikace na hannu a cikin gami, dole ne sha na musamman likita hukumar domin sanin category na tawaya. Wannan hanya ne da za'ayi domin cimma iyakar daidai yanayi na gasar. Gasa da juna a cikin wani musamman wasanni kamata mutane tare da daidaita motsi. A sakamakon da kiwon lafiya jarrabawa dan wasa da ake sa wani category.

An kara yawan wasanni iri kunshe a cikin gasar wasannin Olympic, kuma shi ne muhimmi a cikin irin wannan gasa a matsayin nakasassu. Hockey, iyo, guje guje, hawan keke, kwallon kafa da sauran gasa ana gudanar da yanayi na musamman da damar mutane da nakasa a gasa. A wasu lokuta, mahalarta suna yarda su yi tare da mataimakansa.

shekaru Categories

Daya daga cikin siffofin na nakasassu Wasanni ne a wajen ci-gaba shekaru 'yan wasa. Alal misali, Peter Norfolk, a game da wasan tennis a keken hannu, ya juya da shekaru 53. David Clark, wanda shi ne wani shugaba, na kwallon kafa tawagar, bikin ranar haihuwa 43rd. Kyaftin Nigel Merry wasan carafke tawagar for shekaru 65. Alexey Ashapatovu - Rasha zakara na harbi sa kuma ya wurga - 41, da kuma shi ba zai tsaya da aiki.

Nakasassu ma da yawa daga matasa dake da nakasa. Famous volleyball player Dzhuli Rodzhers kawai 15. Kloi Devis da Amy Marr, wanda tsunduma a iyo, 15 da kuma 16 shekaru da bi.

Babu shekaru kuma nakasar da ko wani dalilai ne shinge ga wani karfi nufin Paralympians.

Features

A kwallon kafa za su iya taka ko da makafi. A wannan yanayin, a kasa resilient tsaro a ciki wanda suke musamman bearings, samar da wani halayyar sauti. Wannan damar makafi da 'yan wasa domin sanin yanayin da ball a ji. Filin kwallon kafa da ɗan ƙasa. Maimakon ciyawa - mai wuya surface. A filin da aka kewaye a kan dukkan bangarorin da garkuwoyi da cewa daidai da sauti na impacting ball kuma gudu da 'yan wasa. Har ila yau, ba su da damar da ball da ya bar filin.

Goalkeeper, ba shakka, zaba gani. Kuma duk sauran sa a kan wani bandeji idanunsa. Wasu 'yan wasan suna gaba daya hana damar ganin sauran - kawai partially. Headband a wannan yanayin samar da daidaito.

Akwai da dama na musamman dokoki, domin tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke da nakasa iya yadda ya kamata gasa a irin wannan gasa a matsayin nakasassu. 'Yan wasan da suka buga wasan kwallon kafa na makafi, da ya yi tare da juna audio cues. Special mutum cewa shi ne a waje na filin, bisa ga abin da hanyar da ka bukatar ka gudu zuwa cikin ƙofar. Fans kuma dole zauna a tsaye a cikakkar shiru.

Iyo da jogging

Ban wuce da gami da kuma wani wasa kamar yin iyo. Wadanda 'yan wasa da suke makafi, taimaka wa mutane na musamman - pianist. Su tsaya a karshen cikin pool, da kuma sanar da gasa a lõkacin da suka kusa da jirgin. Wannan ne yake aikata tare da taimakon wani dogon sanda, a karshen abin da ball akwai.

Makafi gudu suna kuma yarda su shiga a gasa tare da wani mai shiryarwa. Mataimakin hade da wani mai gudu igiya. Ya nuna shugabanci notifies jũya, kuma yana ba da shawara lokacin da ka bukata don bugun sama ko rage gudu.

Idan mai tsere ne kadan gani ya iya shirya don amfani da sabis na wani mataimaki-jagora ko rike kansa. Har ila yau, akwai mai mulkin hani mataimakansa haye gama line kafin shi zai sa dan wasa kansa.

Special Wasanni: Goalball da Boccia

Bugu da kari a sanannun, a nakasassu ne na musamman wasanni: wasan carafke da kuma Goalball.

A Goalball aka buga da mutane da tsanani hangen nesa matsaloli. Manufar - jefa kwallon a cikin net ƙofar da abokan gaba, wanda su ne kariya daga kare su. Ciki da ball ne karrarawa, wanda hakan ya sa 'yan wasa, inda aka located.

Wasan carafke game ne mai yawa kamar saba curling. Nakasassu a Olympics, kamar yadda aka sani, shi ne halin da cewa da halartar 'yan wasa da nakasa. A bowls kuma gasa waɗanda suke tãre da mafi tsanani mataki na tawaya.

A gasa bukatar matsar da ball, turawa da shi a kowane yiwu hanya zuwa ga burin. Lokacin da wasanni sun wanzu, shi ya ɗauki yara da hannu, da shan wahala daga cerebral palsy. Daga baya, a wasan da wasan carafke da shi ya zama akwai ga sauran mutanen da suke da cuta da azanci shine-motor aiki.

Mahalarta kasu kashi hudu Categories. Wasu daga cikinsu suna iya matsar da ball a kan nasu, suna da damar amfani da taimakon wani mataimaki. Domin wadannan mutane da kuma samar da wasu yanayi na wasan.

A gun bikin bude taron na nakasassu Wasanni 2014

A wannan shekara, da bude daga cikin gami da ya faru a Sochi. Domin Rasha, wannan irin halarta a karon, bayan da gami da aka shirya a nan a karon farko. Su taken "Fasa da Ice" da aka sanya.

Shirye-shirye domin bikin dade game da shekara biyu. A bude daga cikin masu sauraro idi ga mafi mawaƙa mawaka, dance nagartattu na rawa, zaba daga cikin kyawawan makarantun kasar, kazalika da artists da nakasa. Sihiri view of mamaki duk ba.

A gun bikin bude taron ya samu halartar game da ashirin da dubu biyar masu sa kai. Ƙarami ya kawai 7 shekara, mafi tsufa - for shekaru 63.

A live webcast na nakasassu ya faru a 20:00 Moscow lokaci a kan Maris 7. Duk waɗanda suke ba m isa ga mai girma show a rana na iya ganin bikin a cikin rikodin.

Undoubted fi so - Rasha

Gami dade kadan a kan wani mako. A bikin rufe na nakasassu ya faru a kan Maris 16th. Kamar bude, shi da aka gudanar a filin wasa "Fischt". M view lalle ne, haƙĩƙa tuna kowane viewer shekaru da yawa.

Nakasassu take yi da m artists kamar Diana Gurtskaya, Jose Carreras da Nafset Chenib. An ban sha'awa kashi na rufe events na shirin da aka gabatar, a cikin abin da rawa suna sahu a wani adadi, a aikin na art - zanen da artist Vasiliya Kandinskogo. Relive fitacciyar, sun zama wani ɓangare na art.

Nakasassu samu lambar standings da aka sani kawai don rufe shi. Kuma duk saboda na karshe gasar ya faru a wannan rana. Ba asiri da cewa talented Russia zauna na farko wuri na girmamawa a wasanni irin na Olympics da kuma nakasassu. Lambar yabo (a kalla mafi yawansu) ya tafi zuwa Rasha, wanda ya zama shugaba a wadannan wasa faru. A kasar na 80 lambar yabo ciki har da 30 da zinariya, da azurfa, da 28 22 tagulla. Nakasassu samu lambar standings nuna yadda talented 'yan wasa, da babbar m da suke yi.

Ɗaukar hoto na nakasassu 2014 waje kafofin watsa labarai

Daya Sin jarida aka buga sanarwa Filippa Kreyvena, Shugaba na kasa da kasa na nakasassu na kwamitin, inda ya bayyana cewa gami a Sochi ya zama daya daga cikin mafi nasara. Ya kuma ce gasar ya wuce duk tsammanin.

A Pakistan, mu da mamakin da Rasha nakasassu 'yan wasa domin sledge hockey. Brilliant golan Vladimir Kamantseva wasan ba zai bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. Har ila yau, a kasar Pakistan jarida hira Filipp Kreyven. Ya nuna jin dadinsa game da sauri sayarwa wata babbar lamba na tikiti.

Birtaniya kafofin watsa labarai da nuna alfahari gaya na nasarar da skier. Girls ta Jade Etherington da kuma Kelly Gallagher arzuta wakilci kasar. A Gallagher sanã'anta samu lambar zinariya, wanda wata irin halarta a karon, saboda kafin babu daya Birtaniya bai sami irin wannan lambobin yabo a nakasassu.

Abin da ake nufi da zama Paralympians

Daga cikin da yawa nakasassu wanda yana da babban m, kuma za a iya cimma unprecedented Heights a kan wasanni filin. Duk da haka, don zama wani dan wasa mutum da nakasa ne da yawa wuya. Kuma wani lokacin shi ne ba kawai jiki matsaloli, amma kuma halin kirki. Mutane da yawa wuya su taka a kan wasu daga cikin gidaje da kuma son zuciya.Magana, ba sauki fita da za a gani a duniya. Wasu kawai ba su da wannan damar domin na yau da kullum motsa jiki: sanye take da dakuna, simulators, kayan aiki da kocina.

Wasu fara aiki a matsayin likita fi saboda tawaya. Mutane da yawa 'yan wasa - tsohon soja wanda ya yi aiki a Afghanistan da sauran zafi aibobi.

Domin nakasassu ne wannan dokoki a kan haramcin doping, kazalika ga Olympians. Duk 'yan wasa suna doping controls. Yana da za'ayi wani sosai rajistan shiga dukkan kwayoyi da aka cinye ta hanyar mutane da nakasa.

Strong ruhu!

Don zama wani babban dan wasa da ƙarfi ba ga kowa da kowa. Fara aiki a keken hannu, ko a kan crutches motsi - matsala matakin qarshe na mawuyaci. Paralympians - shi ne mai ban mamaki misali na sadaukar da baƙin ƙarfe iradar. Shi ne girman kai na kowace al'umma.

Nakasassu sa mamaki da ikon da ƙarfin hali da mutane ne ya tilasta mu yi wani sabo ne look at duniya. Yana bada wani uzuri don tabbatar da cewa da ikon da mutum - a cikin ransa, ya so ya zauna. Kuma babu cikas a kan hanya zuwa ga mafarki!