Maxim Gorky. Na shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa da kuma kerawa

Taken "M. M. Na shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa da kuma kerawa "bautar wani muhimmin wuri a cikin makaranta shakka daga cikin wallafe-wallafe. A marubuci ne daya daga cikin haske wakilan da sabon romantic Trend na 19-20 ƙarni, shi ya kafa gurguzu hakikanci a cikin Soviet wallafe-wallafe. Tarihinsa ne babu kasa ban sha'awa fiye da ayyukansa: shi ne cike da wahala, aiki, gwagwarmaya, ta hanyar abin da marubucin ya dauki a lokacin da yake da wuya rayuwa.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Daya daga cikin mafi shahararren Rasha da kuma Soviet marubuta ne m. Na shekara-shekara tebur, kishin ya biography kamata hada da asali, mafi muhimmanci matakai na rayuwarsa, na farko daga waxanda suke da yara da kuma matasa. A nan gaba shahara marubuci da aka haife shi a Nizhny Novgorod a 1868. Ya zarar ya zama maraya da kuma aka kawo up wani m kakan. Saboda gudana bukatun yaron bai iya gama da gida makaranta. Ya aka tilasta kullum aiki to Bama rayuwa. A cikin 1880s, ya rayu a Kazan, inda ya unsuccessfully kokarin shiga jami'a. A nan sai ya sanya abokai da populists kuma ko da an kama.

A farkon kerawa

Gorky, wani na shekara-shekara tebur na biography wanda shi ne batun wannan review, ya samu da yawa matsaloli da kuma wahalhalu kafin ya zama shahararren matsayin marubuci. 1890 ya fara wani sabon mataki a cikin rayuwarsa. A lokacin da wannan shekaru goma, sai ya yi tafiya a kusa da kasar, ziyarci kudu, ya fara aiki a magatakarda. Amma, mafi muhimmanci, da cewa shi ne a wannan lokaci shi ne na farko da wallafe-wallafen da kwarewa: ya rubuta cewa, labarunsa, da aka buga ba kawai a cikin jaridu na ƙasarsa ta gari, amma kuma a cikin makwabta yankunan. Ya gana da Tolstoy da Chekhov, da ayyukansa ja hankalin masu karatu da kuma masu sukar.

drama

Shahararren marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo na farkon karni na 20th, ya m. Na shekara-shekara tebur ransa kamata hada da wannan sabon zamani a cikin aikinsa. A cikin 1900s, ya yi kokarin hannunsa a rubuta kwaikwaiyo, wanda kawo shi ba kawai kasar-fadi, amma kuma Turai daraja ( "Filistiyawa", "The Lower acan karkashin"). Wadannan ayyuka suna sa a cikin manyan sinimomi, matasa da kuma talented marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo yi magana game da matsayin sabon fice mawallafa na zamaninmu.

Tebur a kasa takaita manyan turakun M.Gorky rayuwa.

ƙaura

Daga 1906 zuwa 1913 da marubuci zaman hijira. Duk da haka, ya nuna wani Keen sha'awa a cikin abubuwan dake faruwa a kasar, kuma tun kafin ya tashi zama memba na da Labour Party. Kasashen waje, ya aka rubuta wani labari, wanda alama farkon gurguzu hakikanci a wallafe-wallafe. Musamman ya shahara akan autobiographical ayyukan Maxim Gorky. Na shekara-shekara tebur dole ne ma gani wannan sabon zamani a cikin aikinsa. Marubucin ya rubuta wani trilogy game da yara, da kuma samartaka adulthood da wasa a wani art form dukan abin da ya yi dawwama a lokacin shekaru na cikin ɓata, rashi da kuma talauci.

samu

A Oktoba juyin juya halin dauki rigima marubuci. A daya hannun, ya kasance wani na hannun daman da Bolsheviks, duk da haka, m da su zuwa ga manufofin ilimi. Ya shiga harkokin rayuwar jama'a, da kuma godiya ga kokarin da kuma kokarin masana kimiyya da dama, marubuta tsere talauci da yunwa. Maxim Gorky, wani na shekara-shekara tebur na rayuwa wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin, ya tafi kasashen waje a karkashin sunan magani a cikin 1920s, amma a gaskiya saboda bambancin manufofi tare da jam'iyyar. Ya rayu a cikin daban-daban Turai birane, yayin da Soviet gwamnatin da ya kira shi ya koma kasar.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Na shekara-shekara tebur na Gorky ta rayuwa kamata hada da mataki na karshe na aikinsa. A 1930 ya koma Tarayyar Soviet, ya zama aiki, taimakawa ga bunqasar da gurguzu shugabanci na marubuta. A nasa himma, rike su a farko majalisa a wanda wani sabon wallafe-wallafen Trend aka zayyana da rinjaye da kuma kawai daidai daya. A marubuci ya rasu a 1936. Wannan taron ƙarasa da shekara-shekara tebur. Gorky ta rayuwa da kuma aiki a cikinta ake nuna a cikin summary tsari ga sauƙi na haddar.