Mataki na ashirin da 58 na Criminal Code na RSFSR: da alhakin counter-gwagwarmaya

Tarayyar Soviet ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda jihohin da bar mai yawa ta kasa warwaruwa asirai da kuma ta kasa warwaruwa tambayoyi. Kamar yadda wani totalitarian jihar tare da wani m iko da dukkan duniyoyin rayuwa da talakawa 'yan ƙasa, Tarayyar Soviet ya dace tsarin mulki, wanda ta kowane hali kare manyan al'amurra cewa sune tushen kwaminisanci gwamnati. A musamman, musamman idan akwai siyasa danniya da aka nufin wadanda suka furta wani rashin biyan bukata da gwamnati halin yanzu. Siyasa danniya tsiwirwirinsu m sikelin karkashin Joseph Stalin. A saboda wannan dalili akwai wani musamman labarin 58. Har yanzu, masana tarihi ba zai iya zo guda ƙarshe game da wannan batu. Saboda haka wajibi ne a gano ko wani dan kasa na Tarayyar Soviet, ko ga wani sauki magana, game da shugaban zai iya zama a sansanonin ko a duk a harbe.

Mataki na ashirin da 58 na Criminal Code na Tarayyar Soviet

All fursunonin siyasa, ko da kuwa sun kasance masu laifi, ya faru a kan labarin 58 na Criminal Code na Tarayyar Soviet. A labarin da ta tanadi azaba ga counter-gwagwarmaya. Abin da yake wakilta? A karkashin counter-gwagwarmaya unsa ayyuka da cewa hana yaduwar, ko aiwatuwa a cikin rãyuwar daban-daban sauyi akida da ka'idoji cewa goyi bayan kwaminis gwamnati. A farko sakin layi na wannan labarin ya bayyana cewa, counter-neman sauyi mataki - shi ne wani ƙoƙari na rushe ko raunana Soviet da iko a yankin na Tarayyar Soviet, kazalika da yunkurin raunana waje ikon da siyasa, soji ko samun karuwar tattalin arziki. A cewar manufar hadin ma'aikata, kamar da alhakin sa a kan cin zarafin da laifi potiv jihar, wanda ya ba da wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet, amma ya rayu da proletarian tsarin.

A gaskiya ma, Mataki na ashirin da 58 a karkashin Stalin aka tsara don kawo ga adalci ga waɗanda ake ko ta yaya hana ko aka yi tsayayya da zuwa Soviet iko. A zamani al'umma, wadannan mutane za a kira ta'addan. Wajibi ne a duba a daki-daki, duk da abubuwa, wanda ya hada da Mataki na ashirin da 58, a gane cewa wannan za a iya gudana, wanda Soviet gwamnatin dauke counterrevolutionary.

sakin layi na 1

Sakin layi 1A ƙunshi arziki game da cin amanar kasa, wato yi ƙaura zuwa da abokan gaba, da bayar asirin gwamnati da abokan gaba, leƙen asiri, tsira kasashen waje. Domin wadannan laifuffuka babban birnin kasar azãba aka harbi, amma tare da mitigating yanayi - rashi na 'yanci ga wani ajali na shekaru 10 da kwata na (duka ko m) na dukiya. Wannan ya ce 'yan kalmomi. Tun lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin kasance a cikin wani sosai maƙiya muhalli, shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa jirgin (wannan jirgin, kuma ba su bar kasar) da aka hukunta haka mai tsanani, saboda a gaskiya shi ne guda cin amanar kasa.

A sakin layi na 1b ƙunshi wannan guzuri kamar yadda a 1A, amma tare da gaisuwa ga mutane a cikin aikin soja. Kuma ba shakka, cewa wannan laifuffukan da aka aikata ta hanyar soja, sun fi tsanani, duk da haka, idan wadannan laifuffuka a duk akwai wani gradation. Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa RSFSR Criminal Code haka mai tsanani azaba soja.

1c sakin layi tabbatar da nauyin soja iyalan da suka aikata wani laifi. Idan 'yan uwa suna sane da shirya laifi, amma bai bayar da rahoton a kan wannan ikon, ko da gudummawar da ta hukumar, suna Allah wadai ga wani ajali na 5 zuwa shekaru 10 a gidan yari na tare da kwata na dukiya. Wannan abu za a iya dauke daya daga cikin mafi tausayi a ko'ina cikin labarin, amma, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar nazarin archives, a kan wannan batu bauta jumla kawai 0.6% na dukkan fursunonin siyasa, da cewa shi ne, shi yana da wuya amfani. RSFSR Criminal Code za a iya kira tausayi, amma saboda sa'an nan gaskiya shi da jũna dacewa hukumomi.

Sakin layi 1d ta tanadi] aurin domin gazawar bayar da rahoton da zai auka soja cin amanar kasa. Domin da soja to, shi ya kai tsaye alhakin, don haka ba abin mamaki ba cewa shi ne don haka mai tsanani azaba ba. Amma ga fararen hula, akwai wani sakin layi 12, wanda azurta guda azãba. Amma ta sa'an nan ya bayyana samuwar yanzu m azãba duba quite ma'ana, domin a wancan lokacin akwai wani m tunani.

sakin layi na 2

Sakin layi na 2 bayar da kisa - kisa - ga waɗanda suka yi ta hanyar amfani da makamai tawaye kokarin kifar Soviet da iko a cikin sãsanni da kuma cikin kungiyar tarayyar jamhuriyoyin. Wani lokaci, a matsayin wani nau'i na milder azãba aka yi amfani da fitar daga Tarayyar Soviet hana duk hakkin da kwata na dukiya. Irin ayyuka tsanani azabtar da a da dama na zamani jihohi.

Items 3, 4, 5

Sakin layi na 3, 4 da kuma 5 samar cewa ga hadin gwiwa tare da kasashen waje kasar, sunã taimakon makiya 'yan leƙen asirin ko wasu ayyuka directed da Tarayyar Soviet, batun guda azãba kamar yadda a sakin layi na 2.

Item 6

Sakin layi na 6 yana nufin duk abin da aka dauke leken asirin, wato bayar da wani maƙiyi asirin gwamnati ko m bayanai da cewa ba m, amma ba za a iya bayyana. Ga shi kuma dogara da harbi ko an kore shi daga kasar.

Items 7, 8, 9

Sakin layi 7, 8 da 9, shafi guda azãba ga counter-neman sauyi ɓarna da gangan ko ayyukan ta'addanci a kan ƙasa da Tarayyar Soviet.

Item 10 - anti-Soviet agitation

Zai yiwu mafi sananne ne batu 10. Yana bayani da batun na abin da ake kira anti-Soviet agitation, jigon abin da yake cewa duk wata manakisa, farfaganda ga kifar da Soviet da iko, hurumin dakatar adabi, jama'a magana na damunsu da sauransu shi ne hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku domin a kalla 6 watanni. Lalle ne, a cikin Soviet Jihar babu irin wannan abu a matsayin 'yancin magana, shi ya ba. Wannan abu ne a modified tsari da kuma shi ne halin yanzu a cikin manyan laifuka Code, Mataki na ashirin da 280.

Sakin layi 11 - 14

A sakin layi na 11 zuwa 14 dauke da kayan abinci tare da gaisuwa to ba komai haqqinsa laifuka, anti-mutane abubuwa a lokacin yakin basasa (kuma daga baya - da kuma Great Patriotic War), shirye-shiryen da ayyukan ta'addanci da sauransu.

Yana kira wa anda shafi wannan labarin - maƙiyi ga mutane. Irin wadannan mutane, kamar yadda ya bayyana a sama, an hõre yanke hukuncin kisa, kõrar daga kasar, a zaune a gidajen yarin da kuma sansanonin. Mutane da yawa kaso a karkashin labarin 58 wadanda suke da gaske cancanci da shi, amma akwai ma wadanda suke da zãlunci da ake zargi da laifin cin amanar kasa. Duk da yake hukumomin tsaro kadan ban sha'awa a gaskiya, sabõda haka da amincewa da waɗanda suka fadi a filin wasa na view a kan wannan labarin, kawai wacen]. Wannan ya ce da yawa daga shaidar cewa lokaci. Waɗanda suka bauta wa jumla, na dogon lokaci kasance karkashin kula. Kuwa an hana su samun wani aiki, sami pensions, Apartments, suka iyakance a cikin damar da ya talakawa Soviet jama'a.

Mataki na ashirin da 58 a karkashin Stalin ya fi marketable daftarin aiki da damar don murkushe fararen hula da kuma soja. Duk da haka, a lokacin Khrushchev ta musamman hukumar cewa diddigin laifukan da aka kafa. Mutane da yawa daga cikin zãlunci kaso aka gyara, da rashin alheri, posthumously. Wadanda suka tsira koma ga tsohon hakkoki da abubuwan da gata.

Kowace jiha dole ne kare ta yankunan hakkin da tsarin mulki. Mataki na ashirin da 58 na Tarayyar Soviet ne daidai da irin wannan garanti na kariya. Hakika, a yanzu, wannan matsananci fanarite za a iya daukarsa a bayyananna take hakkin Dan-Adam ba, amma a lokacin da labarin 58 da jũna dace da gaske ya ba da gaskiya azabtar da waɗanda suka yi mãkirci ga laifi a kan Soviet iko.